Economic Benefit Analysis on the Exploitation and Utilization Coal bed Methane

The gas accident in Coal Mine is an important safe hidden trouble.The notion on the prevention and cure of gas accident should be changed.Coal gas is a kind of deleterious gas,but it is a clean energy resource.The actualities of coal bed methane resources and its use in our country are reviewed.The foreground for the use of coal bed methane is analyszed.The economic benefit of coal bed methane utilization is evaluated by the Net Present Value(NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return(IRR)method.The results are shown that the utilization of the coal bed methane can decrease the gas accident,save energy source,reduce the environmental pollution,and have remarkable economic benefit.     

The Effect of Joule Heat and Mineral Matter on Conductivity of Coal

The effect of Joule heat and mineral matter on conductivity of coal has been studied. The results show that temperature of coal-body increases because of the effect of Joule heat, and it makes electric current passing coal-body increases. With the increase of time, the effect of Joule heat weakens owing to emission of the heat and conductivity of coal decreases. The conductivity of demineralized coal is larger 22 or 86 times than that of original coal. The conductivity of coal is increased when its stack density is increased or graininess is decreased.     

The Kinetic Study of Adsorption of Methane on Anthracite and Its Char

The adsorption quantities of methane on anthracite and its char at different tem-perature and time were measured by using volumetric niethod. The corresponding adsorption formula-is presented. The experimental results have shown that the diffusion acti-vation energies of methane in the anthracite and its char are 14.3 kJ/mol and 26. 3 kJ/mol.It issuggested that the diffusion process of methane could be the flow through the micropores in the an-thracite and its char.     

Mathematical Model of Methane Transport in Coal Seam

This paper studies the effects of ground stress and ground electrical field onmethane transpont in coal seam. A gas seepage equation is set up based on the principles of seepagetheory,which takes the ground stress and ground electrical field into considerationz     

Study on Methane Flow Regularity and Secondary Stress and Deformation of Coal Bady around Penetration Boreholes in Coal Seam

A new mathematical model for the coefficient of variable permeability affected by coal body, secondary stress & pressure in coalseam & a constitutive equation for gas migration are improved on the basis of the secondary stress & deformation of coal body around boreholes in coalseam. Using this model and equation,the gas flow field belongs to the 20102 experimental zone in BaiJiao coal Mine is computed & this verifies that the model & constitutive equation are both agreeable to practical results. Simultaneously, a comparison between the variable and constant permeabilities is carried out.     

The Quantitative Analysis of the Fatalness of the Methane Explosion in Coal Mines

If the quantitative index of the methane explosion in coal mines before exploding can be calculated, the measure will be take to prevent the methane explosion. The methods using in the analysis of the fatalness of the methane explosion are almost qualitative analysis. In this paper the quantitative analysis of the fatalness of the methane explosion in coal mines is achieved on the basis of the research of the essence event probability with the method of fault tree analysis using the micro-computer. The practical example of the quantitative analysis of the fatalness of the methane explosion in coal mines is given.     

电导法测定大豆种子活力的初步研究

本试验以10个品种大豆新、陈种子为材料，分别测定25℃恒温下不同浸泡时间的种子浸泡液电导率，并与模拟田问出苗率等活力指标进行相关分析。结果表明：电导法测定大豆种子活力的适宜浸泡时间，新种子为24h。陈种子为20h。新、陈种子适宜浸泡时间的电导率与模拟田间出苗率均存在极显著负相关(r分别为=0．893和-0．963)，其回归方程分别为Y＝l10．016-0．339x和Y＝94．112-0．438x。作者认为，电导法测定大豆种子活力简便快速，结果可靠，具有广泛的应用价值。     

Study on Adsorption Characteristics of Coal to Gas in Geophysical Field

It is very important to mine safe exploitation, gas drawing and predict of coal and gas outburst that adsorption characteristics of coal to gas in geophysical field are studied. Adsorption and desorption characteristics of coal to gas in geophysical field have been reviewed in detail, then it is obtained that adsorption characteristics of coal to gas in electromagnetic field should be further studied . Adsorption and desorption characteristics of coal to methane in alternating electric field (AEF) have been studied mainly. Adsorption characteristics of three coal samples in AEF have been studied by means of Volume Method. The result shows that chemical properties and matter constituent of coal surface are no changed , adsorption and desorption of the coal samples in AEF well accord with Langmuir equation and two constants empirical formula, and because coal potential energy is increased and coal temperature is raised caused by Joule heat effect , adsorption ability of coal is decreased, and the desorption process is slowed down in AEF.     

Fractal Characteristic of Electric Polarization Feature of Coal

The dielectric response of charge carriers in disordered materials results from the process of fractal time and the conductance of the fractal structure. The medium metamorphism coal is one kind of structural disordered materials . So, electric polarization feature of coal has been further studied by using fractal geometry theory of time. The result shows that electric polarization property of coal in direct current electric field has fractal characteristic. The relation between b constant of polarization and fractal time dimension is:D t=kb, and the constant k may be relevant to metamorphism degree of coal.     

水稻品种对稻田甲烷排放的影响

在大田条件下，应用甲烷自动测试系统在水稻生育期内持续测定3个水稻品种的甲烷排放通量。试验结果表明:水稻品种对稻田甲烷排放通量有明显的影响，品种间差异高达2.26倍；根量大的水稻品种，甲烷排放通量高，稻田气泡排放甲烷强度大，土壤水溶液中水溶甲烷浓度也高。试验证明，水稻根系的大小是导致水稻品种间甲烷排放通量差     

茶皂素对奶牛瘤胃甲烷菌及甲烷排放的影响

(目的)本试验旨在通过体外发酵模型与体内试验相结合研究不同添加剂量的茶皂素(tea saponin,TS)对奶牛瘤胃甲烷菌及甲烷排放的影响。(方法)体外发酵模型以0.5g常规全混合饲粮(TMR)为底物,添加TS的浓度梯度为0(对照)、5、10和15 g/L。体内试验采用4×4拉丁方设计,选取4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛,饲喂常规TMR饲粮,添加TS的浓度梯度为0(对照)、15、30和45 g/d.头,自由饮水,试验共进行4期,其中包括预饲期7d,试验期14d。通过采集瘤胃液并提取其中基因组DNA,进而计算甲烷菌及其他菌种的基因拷贝数,以此确定瘤胃中甲烷菌的总数与结构。(结果)结果表明,1)添加TS对体外发酵模型中甲烷菌总数没有显著影响(P>0.05),但能够明显改变甲烷菌结构,即甲酸甲烷杆菌(M.formicium)与史氏甲烷菌(M. smithii)数量减少(P<0.05),甲烷热杆菌(M. stadtmanae)数量增加(P<0.05),反刍甲烷杆菌(M.ruminantium)没有显著变化(P>0.05)。2)体外发酵模型中,与对照组相比,TS的添加量为10和15 g/L时,能够显著降低产气量(P<0.05)和发酵速率(P<0.01),减少原虫数量(P<0.01),进而抑制甲烷排放(P<0.01)。但在体内试验中,以上各项结果均不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。(结论)体外试验证明,饲粮中添加TS虽然没有改变甲烷菌总菌数量,但能够在一定程度上改变甲烷菌菌群结构,减少原虫数量,降低产气量,进而实现奶牛甲烷气体的减排。但体内试验中,TS的添加对奶牛瘤胃内甲烷菌没有显著影响。     

Study on Evaluating the Pozzolanicity of CFB Sulphur- Fixed Coal Ashes

There is no appropriate method or uniform standard for evaluating the pozzolanicity of CFB sulphur-fixed coal ashes,leading to difficulty in use of it as building material,because CFB sulphur-fixed coal ash has higher content of f-CaO and SO_3 than that of ordinary ash.In this paper the appropriate evaluating methods are developed through theoretical analysis and experiments with reference to the National standards GB2847 for the pozzolanic materials and GB12957-91for the testing method of the activity of the industrial wastes,the compressive strength ratio is suggested by determination of 28 day compressive strength ratio of ground CFB sulphur-fixed coal ashes-clinker to ground clinker.It is shown that this evaluating method gives the results consistent with those from other methods.     

稻田耕作制度对CH4气体排放影响的研究进展

甲烷是重要的温室气体,其辐射增温效应是CO2的20~30倍。稻田是CH4的重要排放源之一。稻田CH4的排放是稻田CH4产生、氧化和传输综合作用的结果。影响稻田CH4释放的因素众多。本研究从水稻的农耕制度角度总结近年来关于稻田CH4排放的影响因素的研究,系统地归纳了水稻生物学特性、品种栽种方式、水肥管理等方面对CH4气体排放影响,同时从耕作角度提出了稻田CH4减排的技术措施。     

Exploration on the Principle of ECMB

ECMB, which is developed by Amoco company in USA, has very prospective. On the basis of the study on adsorption characteristics of mixture gas in coal, the principle of ECMB has been explored. The order of adsorption capacities of coal for several gases is: CO 2>CH 4>N 2>H 2 when coal adsorbs gas. In 2 member mixture gases, adsorption capacities of coal for mixed gases, methane and carbon dioxide tally with Langmuir equation, but not does for nitrogen and hydrogen. The substance of the increasing drawing ratio of coal seam gas by using ECBM is decreasing adsorption amount of methane in coal by emptying the other gas or gases into coal seam. N 2 is better gas than CO 2 in the process of using ECMB.     

现代黄河三角洲30cm土壤电导率与土壤水吸力关系特征初探

对在2005年4月7日—11月23日期间获得的布设于现代黄河三角洲的18个长期野外水盐观测井的30cm土层的土壤电导率和土壤水吸力数据进行研究,结果表明：整个观测期内30cm土层的土壤电导率与土壤水吸力相关性不显著;2005年4月7日—6月6日期间（即植物生长初期、农作物播种期）,仅DZ05、DZ16和DZ17号观测井土壤电导率与土壤水吸力呈显著正线性相关关系,DZ08、DZ13和DZ15号观测井土壤电导率与土壤水吸力可用曲线方程拟合;2005年9月30日—11月23日期间（植物生长末期）,DZ01、DZ02、DZ04、DZ06、DZ10、DZ12、DZ14、DZ15和DZ18号观测井土壤电导率与土壤水吸力可用曲线方程拟合,DZ07和DZ16号观测井土壤电导率与土壤水吸力呈显著负相关,DZ03号观测井土壤电导率与土壤水吸力呈显著正相关。由此可见植物生长末期是现代黄河三角洲研究野外实测土壤电导率与土壤水吸力的最佳时期。