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不同品种及排酸成熟时间对南方黄牛嫩度的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
《中国牛业科学》2015,(4)
[目的]为了研究不同品种南方黄牛牛肉嫩度之间的差异以及不同排酸时间对牛肉嫩度的影响。[方法]试验随机选取1周岁的云南西门塔尔牛、云岭牛、文山牛及海南雷琼牛的小公牛,在相同的饲养环境条件下育肥6个月后屠宰并测定肉的嫩度。[结果]表明:随着排酸时间的延长,牛肉剪切力不断减小,排酸第3d的剪切力显著低于第1d(P0.05),排酸第5d,第7d牛肉剪切力极显著低于第1d(P0.01);品种对牛肉的嫩度也有显著影响,其中雷琼牛剪切力值最大,与文山牛、云岭牛以及西门塔尔牛相比差异极显著(P0.01);西门塔尔牛剪切力最小,在屠宰刚结束时与文山牛、云岭牛、雷琼牛相比差异极显著(P0.01),在成熟过程中与雷琼牛相比差异极显著(P0.01)。[结论]宰后排酸成熟能够显著的改善牛肉的嫩度,且随排酸时间的延长,嫩度改善程度越明显,而且肉牛品种对肉嫩度也有一定影响。 相似文献
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《The Professional Animal Scientist》2002,18(2):112-119
In 1991 and 1995, National Beef Quality Audits (NBQA) benchmarked beef industry quality challenges. Face-to-face interviews identified hide defects and lack of live cattle uniformity as leading quality challenges for packers and excess external fat and lack of uniformity/ consistency as leading quality challenges for merchandisers (purveyors, retailers, and restaurateurs). For NBQA-2000, surveys replaced interviews to solicit producers and to increase packer and merchandiser opinions. Seedstock generators and cow-calf producers (n = 2,308) most frequently (P < 0.05) cited improved genetics using expected progeny differences, changed injection site location, and improved genetics using physical characterization as management adjustments made since 1991. Stocker/ backgrounders and feedlot operators (n = 740) most frequently (P < 0.05) made adjustments in injection site location, handling, and genetic types of cattle. Seedstock generators and cow-calf producers indicated that previous audits had a “strong” (18.7%) or “moderate” (57.6%) impact on management changes made since 1991 compared with 15.3% or 62.7%, respectively, for stocker/ backgrounders and feedlot operators. Packers (n = 29) and merchandisers (n = 113) indicated that past audits had a “strong” (6.9% and 9.5%, respectively) or “moderate” (55.2% and 71.8%, respectively) impact on quality/consistency improvements of cattle, carcasses, and cuts. Responses from production sectors revealed lack of live cattle uniformity, inadequate tenderness, and insufficient marbling to be the greatest (P < 0.05) quality challenges currently facing the beef industry. Merchandisers revealed insufficient marbling, lack of cut uniformity, and inadequate tenderness to be the greatest (P < 0.05) quality challenges. Results will aide in development and implementation of beef quality assurance principles and will provide added stimulus for producers to improve beef quality and consumer satisfaction. 相似文献
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嫩度是猪肉的主要食用品质之一,也是消费者评判猪肉质优劣最常用的指标。本文论述了猪肉嫩度形成的组织学原理及其评定方法,并从遗传与饲料营养的角度综述了影响猪肉嫩度的因素。 相似文献
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A surveillance study for thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks was carried out for the year 1998 in Denmark. The study included examinations of 4286 broiler flocks comprising samples from 57,000 birds. Overall, a flock prevalence of 46.0% was recorded. The species distribution was Campylobacter jejuni 86%, Campylobacter coli 11%, Campylobacter lari 1%, other not further diagnosed species 2%. The prevalence was significantly higher in the period from June to October (3.2 < odds ratio [OR] <1.8, P < 0.0002) and was significantly associated with abattoir (OR < 2.8, P < 0.0001) and the length of the period the broiler houses were left empty between flocks (download period; 6 days or more) (OR = 1.6, P < 0.0198). No association between Campylobacter colonization and the age at slaughter was found. Separating the flocks into batches for slaughter elevated the flock prevalence from 0.41 after the first batch had been slaughtered to 0.46 after all batches had been slaughtered. 相似文献
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猪肉嫩度及其影响因素 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
嫩度是猪肉的主要食用品质之一,也是消费者评判猪肉质优劣最常用的指标.本文论述了猪肉嫩度形成的组织学原理及其评定方法,并从遗传与饲料营养的角度综述了影响猪肉嫩度的因素. 相似文献
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本文在查阅大量文献资料的基础上,指出国际肉牛育种的新趋势是向小型肉牛方向发展。提出了肉牛大、中、小型划分的国际标准;列举出小型牛品种培育的四个方式途径;从六个方面详细论述了小型牛的优点或特点;最后根据我国肉牛业牛品种资源丰富,尤其是长江以南地区的当地牛品种是培育中国小型专门化肉牛的良好基础的现状,结合国际肉牛育种的趋势,指出中国肉用牛品种的培育方向为以中小型为主,培育出我国自己的小型肉牛品种。 相似文献
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近几年,我国肉牛业发展遇到了牛源紧缺的问题,其主要原因是牛繁殖率低,牛源供给不足;肉牛繁育部门经济效益差,没有生产犊牛的积极性;牛个体的产肉量低,生产单位牛肉需要屠宰更多的牛;肉牛繁育户组织化程度低,一方面,实力弱小,没有代言人,在产业链中处于弱势地位,另一方面,难以提高生产水平和市场竞争力。解决牛源紧缺问题,要提高牛的繁殖效率.利用奶公牛产肉,增加牛源供给;要提高个体产肉量,少杀牛而多产肉,缓解牛源需求;借鉴国外经验,建立和发展农业合作社,提高技术、加强管理,提高应对市场的能力和提高影响力,从而提高肉牛繁育户的经济效益和权益。 相似文献
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