N-氨甲酰谷氨酸复合物对种公猪精液质量的影响

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG)是N-乙酰谷氨酸(即NAG)的类似物,在动物体内可以像NAG一样发挥作用参与机体尿素循环,半衰期长,代谢稳定,具有广泛的生物学功能。研究表明,NCG可以作为代谢激活剂参与二氢吡咯-5-羧酸合成酶(P5CS)和氨甲酰磷酸合成酶I(CPS-I)的激活,促进谷氨     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在猪营养中应用的研究进展

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸是N-乙酰谷氨酸稳定的结构类似物,在动物体内与N-乙酰谷氨酸一样可以激活二氢吡咯-5-磷酸合成酶及氨甲酰磷酸合成酶Ⅰ,从而促进内源性精氨酸的合成,进而调节机体的营养代谢。本文综述了N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在猪营养中应用的研究进展。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸的研究进展

N-乙酰谷氨酸的类似物,N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(N-Carbamylglutamate,NCG)是L-谷氨酸上的氨基被氨基甲酰化后的产物,能激活动物体内氨甲酰磷酸合成酶-Ⅰ (Carbamyl Phosphate Synthetase 1,CPS-Ⅰ)和二氢吡咯-5-羧酸合成酶(pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase,P5CS),促进动物内源精氨酸的生成.精氨酸是一种重要的功能性氨基酸,在动物细胞信息传递和营养代谢中起重要作用,但其受价格高且与赖氨酸、色氨酸和组氨酸有拮抗作用而未能作为饲料添加剂在动物生产中大量推广使用.作为精氨酸内源合成激活剂,NCG化学合成方便,价格仅为精氨酸的10％,因此越来越受到人们的关注.文中主要介绍NCG在动物生产中作用机理、应用状况与展望.     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在猪营养中应用的研究进展

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸是N-乙酰谷氨酸稳定的结构类似物,在动物体内与N-乙酰谷氨酸一样可以激活二氢吡咯-5-磷酸合成酶及氨甲酰磷酸合成酶Ⅰ,从而促进内源性精氨酸的合成,进而调节机体的营养代谢。本文综述了N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在猪营养中应用的研究进展。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对哺乳仔猪生产性能和脏器指标的影响

为了研究N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对哺乳仔猪生产性能和脏器指标的影响,选取6窝7日龄胎次相近、体重(2.63±0.38)kg的"杜×(长×大)"哺乳仔猪,每窝5头,随机分在5个处理组中,每组给予不同量的N-氨甲酰谷氨酸,分别为每千克体重每天添加0(对照组),100,150,200和250 mg。结果表明:灌服100和150 mg/kg的N-氨甲酰谷氨酸能显著提高仔猪体重10.5%和14.6%,提高日增重14.8%和20.1%(P<0.05);而且补充N-氨甲酰谷氨酸能够显著提高脏器指数(P<0.05)。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在猪生产中的研究进展

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG)是精氨酸合成链中N-乙酰谷氨酸(NAG)的类似物,可替代NAG作为机体合成精氨酸的外源前体物质,在畜禽生产具有增强机体免疫能力、促进生长发育、提高繁殖性能、改善胴体品质等作用.文章结合近年国内外研究结果就NCG的主要生物学作用及其在猪生产的应用效果作一综述,以期为NCG在猪生产中的广泛应用提供...     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在养猪生产中的应用

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(N-carbamylglutamate,NCG)是一种新型的猪用饲料添加剂,在饲料中按一定比例添加可显著提高猪的繁殖性能和生产性能。N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG)主要通过促进精氨酸的内源合成,提高母猪窝产仔数和初生重,增强公猪的繁殖力,促进仔猪的生长和发育。作者将NCG在养猪生产中的应用进行了综述,以期为提高养猪生产效率提供参考依据。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸缓解猪肠道氧化应激的研究进展

肠道是机体内外环境的交汇点，易受外界环境变化诱导产生活性氧自由基，严重时造成机体氧化还原系统失衡，从而诱发肠道氧化应激。N-氨甲酰谷氨酸（NCG）是N-乙酰谷氨酸（NAG）的结构类似物，可以促进肠道内源精氨酸的合成。近些年研究发现，NCG在缓解猪肠道氧化应激和维持肠道健康方面发挥重要作用。本文综述了NCG缓解猪肠道氧化应激的作用机制，也为NCG在缓解生猪氧化应激上的应用提供参考。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对三黄鸡生长性能、血液指标及血清游离氨基酸含量的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对三黄鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和血清游离氨基酸含量的影响。选取21日龄体重相近的三黄鸡180只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每重复15只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1、2、3组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加0.4%、0.5%、0.6%N-氨甲酰谷氨酸的试验饲粮。试验期28 d。试验结果显示,1添加0.4%N-氨甲酰谷氨酸平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05);28~56日龄添加0.4%、0.5%组平均日采食量、料重比显著低于对照组(P0.05)。2与对照组相比,添加0.4%N-氨甲酰谷氨酸组总蛋白、白蛋白含量差异显著(P0.05)。添加0.4%N-氨甲酰谷氨酸组球蛋白含量、碱性磷酸酶活性最高(P0.05)。3与对照组相比,添加0.4%N-氨甲酰谷氨酸组可以显著提高精氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸含量(P0.05)。综合上述各项指标可知,饲粮中N-氨甲酰谷氨酸添加的比例在0.4%时能很好地促进三黄鸡的生长发育,改善血液指标,增加血清部分氨基酸的含量。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对小鼠骨髓细胞微核影响的试验研究

在预试验基础上,选用50只ICR小鼠随机分为5组,每组10只。N-氨甲酰谷氨酸混悬液经口服灌药的剂量分别为1/2 LD50(每千克体重2500 mg)作为高剂量组经口灌服染毒,中剂量组、低剂量组灌服剂量分别为1/4 LD50(每千克体重1 250 mg)、1/8 LD50(每千克体重625 mg),另设环磷酰胺阳性对照组与无菌水阴性对照组。按常规方法进行小鼠骨髓微核试验,采用30 h两次给药法,于第2次给药后6 h取材、制片,在油镜下观察微核,计算微核率。试验结果表明:N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对小鼠骨髓细胞的微核率无显著影响,表明N-氨甲酰谷氨酸无遗传毒性。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。