蚯蚓处理菠萝皮渣的研究报告

研究结果表明，与对照稻草＋牛粪腐熟料相比较，蚯蚓在菠萝皮渣＋牛粪腐熟料上的生长很正常，生长速度差不多，但成熟期和产卵期比对照早；蚯蚓在此饵料中的孵化率平均为３．５８条／个，符合其繁殖特性；在日平均气温１９～２２℃范围内，升高温度可加快蚯蚓的孵化；蚯蚓处理这种腐料后的残渣含有机质２９．０３％，Ｎ０．３６％，Ｐ２Ｏ５０．９０％，Ｋ２Ｏ１．０４％，假槟榔在这种残渣中生长速度快于一般盆土，但由于氮素营养不足，叶片呈淡绿色。     

牛粪好氧和蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料成型基质块制备及育苗试验

为优化蔬菜育苗成型基质的配方,提高成型基质蔬菜育苗效果,分别以牛粪好氧堆肥腐熟料和牛粪蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料为主料,草炭为辅料,吸水树脂为膨胀剂,木醋液为调节剂,黄瓜为指示植物,研究不同配方对成型基质块成型及育苗效果的影响,并对各目标指标进行综合评价,以确定较佳的成型育苗基质配方。试验结果表明:牛粪好氧堆肥腐熟料制成的成型基质块在膨胀性能、抗跌碎性及育苗期间破损情况优于牛粪蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料制成的成型基质块,但其p H值、EC值较高,使其存活率和茎粗株高等育苗特性与牛粪蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料相比较差。2种腐熟料基质配方可采取不同的调节方法改善其特性,蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料中添加适量秸秆类纤维状物质可以减小其成型基质块的跌碎率和破损率,牛粪好氧堆肥腐熟料中添加硫磺粉可以调节p H值。从基质块质量综合指数来看,既适合成型又有利于育苗效果的配方为:腐熟料和辅料的体积比为3:2~4:3;成型基质块中膨胀剂的含量以该试验中最小添加量27 m L左右最为合适,与总物料(腐熟料和辅料混合后的物料)的比值为5.5 m L/L;木醋液在2种腐熟料中的添加量不同,在牛粪好氧腐熟料中,木醋液添加量约为8.5 m L/L,而牛粪蚯蚓腐熟料中则为18 m L/L,此时两种腐熟料成型基质块的跌碎率均小于5%,破损率均小于20%和小于40%,幼苗存活率分别大于40%和大于70%,全株干质量全部大于100 mg。该研究结果可为蔬菜有机栽培成型基质的开发及其品质改善提供理论依据,具有重要意义。     

牛粪堆肥成型基质块蔬菜育苗灌溉方式

为优选蔬菜育苗成型基质的灌溉方式,提高成型基质蔬菜育苗效果,以牛粪好氧堆肥腐熟料和牛粪蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料为主料配方的成型基质块为研究对象,在低位浸泡灌溉和微喷灌溉条件下,其中牛粪好氧腐熟料成型基质块灌溉耗水量体积的处理水平分别为2 500、350、700、1 050、1 400、1 750 m L,用T1、T2、T3、T4、T5、T6表示;牛粪蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料基质块灌溉耗水量体积的处理水平分别为3 000、700、1 050、1 400、1 750、2 100 m L,用TS1、TS2、TS3、TS4、TS5、TS6表示,探讨不同灌溉条件对2种牛粪腐熟料成型基质块中全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)的迁移及其吸水特性和育苗效果。结果表明,2种牛粪腐熟料成型基质块在低位浸泡灌溉下,其灌溉充分,淋洗脱盐量相对较小,并且对成型基质块的冲刷,扰动较小;微喷灌溉最小灌溉量T2或TS2下,虽然其淋洗损失的TN、TP、TK小于低位浸泡灌溉,但成型基质块未能被充分湿润,影响育苗效果;微喷灌溉在T3、T4、T5、T6或TS3、TS4、TS5、TS6处理水平下,成型基质块中的TN、TP、TK淋洗损失量均大于低位浸泡灌溉,并且随灌溉量的增大而逐步增大。对牛粪好氧堆肥腐熟料成型基质块,育苗前期应选取微喷灌溉T4进行前充分淋洗,育苗后期采取低位浸泡灌溉保留幼苗生长所需养分;而对牛粪蚯蚓堆肥腐熟料成型基质块,TS1处理下黄瓜幼苗的茎粗(6.23 mm)、株高(138.09 mm)、地上部分干质量(758.85 mg)、地下部分干质量(147.92 mg)和壮苗指数(217.64)均为该试验中最大值,灌溉水利用率为2.79g/kg,该处理水平下幼苗生长及水分有效利用率均较优,即可采取TS1处理对牛粪蚯蚓腐熟料成型基质块进行灌溉。     

双孢蘑菇菌渣堆肥及其肥效的研究

为了促进农业废弃物资源的循环利用,以双孢蘑菇菌渣为研究对象,通过菌渣堆肥中添加发酵剂或鸡粪的处理,分析了堆肥过程中各个时期不同处理的温度、pH值、EC值、全氮、全磷和全钾的变化趋势,并用腐熟后的堆肥菌渣进行了水稻肥效试验。结果表明,双孢蘑菇菌渣堆制过程中加入发酵菌剂可快速提高堆体温度,与未加发酵菌剂的堆肥处理A相比,在堆肥中加入发酵菌剂后,堆肥中全氮、全钾和速效钾的含量增加量分别为处理A的3倍、1．43倍和2．67倍;菌渣堆肥结束后,处理A,处理B和处理C速效磷含量分别比发酵前增加了54．5％、38．5％和58．3％。菌渣肥水稻田间试验表明,双孢蘑菇菌渣有机肥能够促进水稻增产,菌渣堆肥增产效果优于不发酵菌渣,而加于菌剂处理的堆肥增产效果最佳,按400kg·667m-2。施肥,水稻空瘪粒数少,穗粒饱满,水稻单产553．37kg·667m-2,与当地常规施肥方式相比较增产20．55％,与不施肥处理相比较增产44．18％。     

煤矸石—磷石膏—菌渣混合基质与黑麦草根系复合体抗剪性能的差异性

[目的] 探究黑麦草生长对混合基质物理性质与抗剪性能的影响,为煤矸石山植被快速恢复和防治水土流失提供科学依据。[方法] 针对煤矸石物理结构差和养分含量少等特点,通过在煤矸石中添加磷石膏和菌渣形成混合植生基质,在盆栽条件下种植黑麦草,探讨黑麦草生长对混合基质物理性质与抗剪性能的影响。[结果] ①添加不同比例的磷石膏、菌渣改良煤矸石均可以明显促进黑麦草生长,其中在添加20%磷石膏和10%菌渣的煤矸石混合基质上黑麦草株高、地上部干生物量、根重密度和叶绿素含量指标改善效果最好,其次是添加10%磷石膏和10%菌渣的煤矸石。②添加磷石膏和菌渣可明显改善煤矸石混合基质的通气持水能力,其中添加20%磷石膏和10%菌渣处理组相对于只添加10%菌渣处理组煤矸石混合基质的自然含水率、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度分别提高了18.88%,14.18%,13.12%和18.08%,而容重降低了24.76%。③添加磷石膏和菌渣的煤矸石混合基质有利于黑麦草根系的发育生长,相对于只添加10%菌渣处理组,添加20%磷石膏和10%菌渣处理组的煤矸石混合基质各级垂直荷载下的抗剪强度平均提高了71.71%,黏聚力和内摩擦角分别提高了102.84%,45.05%。[结论] 添加20%磷石膏和10%菌渣的煤矸石混合基质与黑麦草根系复合体抗剪性能最好,有利于控制煤矸石山水土流失。     

蚯蚓粪复合基质对番茄穴盘育苗影响的试验研究

以蚯蚓消解半腐熟后的牛粪和蘑菇渣所得的蚯蚓粪为主要原料,与蛭石按照不同比例混合作为番茄的育苗基质,研究蚯蚓粪复合基质对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响,以利于蔬菜穴盘育苗新型基质的开发,为蔬菜工厂化育苗提供性能可靠、廉价、取材广泛的育苗基质。结果表明:各个处理基质容重在0.43～0.79 g/cm3之间,总孔隙度在65.32%～72.95%之间,大小孔隙比在1∶1.53～1∶2.02之间,pH值在5.45～8.75之间,EC值在0.91～1.38 mS/cm之间,除了pH值以外其他理化特性都在较适宜的范围;相较对照,蚯蚓粪复合基质有较高的pH值,但没有对番茄最终出苗情况产生影响;蚯蚓粪复合基质促进了番茄幼苗生长发育,其作用效果与基质混合比例有关,蚯蚓粪∶蛭石=2∶1(V∶V)育苗效果较佳,与对照相比,其株高、茎粗、地下部干重、全株干重、壮苗指数分别显著增加23.12%、11.76%、57.14%、38.24%、60.34%(P0.05)。     

蘑菇渣腐熟微生物组方研究

为实现蘑菇渣的资源化利用,采用7种常见腐熟微生物菌株,研究了不同微生物复配对蘑菇渣腐熟效果的影响。结果表明:处理组T_(14)(蜡状芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、甲基营养型芽孢杆菌、多黏类芽孢杆菌、绿色木霉和黑曲霉)与其他处理组相比具有更好的腐熟效果,发酵堆体温度最高达到63℃,≥55℃持续时间长达12 d,有效活菌数达0.26亿cfu·g~(-1),均优于其他处理,pH值和色泽也达要求;腐熟后氮、磷、钾总养分均有显著提高,其中全氮含量提高了36%,达到21.1 g·kg~(-1);全磷(P2O5)含量提高了66%,达到10.1 g·kg~(-1);全钾(K_2O)含量提高了38%,达到25.9 g·kg~(-1);有机质降解后含量降至585.4 g·kg~(-1)。植物种子萌发与生长试验表明,高羊茅和黑麦草的种子发芽指数(GI)均大于0.85,分别为1.21、1.14,高羊茅的茎长和地上鲜质量分别增加了24.4%和29.3%,黑麦草的茎长和地上鲜质量分别增加了33.3%和36.8%。蘑菇渣堆肥产品养分含量满足国家标准要求,能显著促进植物生长,是一种前景广阔的新兴有机肥产品,具有巨大的应用价值和广阔的市场前景。     

条垛堆肥 -蚯蚓堆肥联合处理对堆肥产品性状的影响

蚯蚓粪逐渐成为一种优质的有机肥,然而蚯蚓处理对有机肥属性影响的机制和过程并不清楚。本文选用Rw发酵菌对牛粪和蘑菇渣先进行高温好氧堆肥预处理,然后接种蚯蚓,监测了蚯蚓处理前后堆肥中关键质量属性的变化。结果表明:联合堆肥温度、NH4+-N含量、NH4+-N/NO3--N、T值、pH值、EC值、种子发芽指数均符合堆肥腐熟要求。联合堆肥显著提高了全磷含量、NO3--N含量(P0.05),增幅分别达到16.8%、1 286.1%;显著降低了有机质含量、全钾含量、pH值、EC值(P0.05),分别降低35.9%、77.4%、12.6%、56.1%;但未显著降低NH4+-N含量、全氮含量;显著提高了堆肥的品质,如T值从0.64降低到0.58,种子发芽指数从82.6%提高到90.6%(P0.05)。     

稻秸秆与二种不同废弃物堆腐制备基质的研究

为了改良农作物秸秆制备栽培基质中p H值、EC值偏高,通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度等理化性质不良等问题,研究了在秸秆预处理(堆腐)过程中添加酒糟对基质理化性质的影响。以稻秸秆中混入体积比例20%的菇渣作为基质堆腐处理的对照(CK),采用在高温好氧堆腐及穴盘育苗试验的方法,研究了混入相同比例的酒糟及腐熟物料组配无机物珍珠岩等方法,对基质理化性质、蔬菜幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,在堆腐阶段稻秸秆+酒糟有利于高温堆腐进程,提高堆腐效率。堆腐温度大于50℃的高温维持天数较对照增加14 d,平均堆腐温度较对照增高9.50℃,稻秸秆+酒糟处理最终腐熟物p H值、EC值较对照分别下降15.0%、26.8%。稻秸秆+酒糟腐熟物组配珍珠岩后,进一步降低了EC值(P0.05),基质物理性质也得到提高(P0.05),从而促进了幼苗地上与地下部分的生长,稻秸秆+酒糟腐熟物料与珍珠岩的体积比例以7∶3较好。采用稻秸秆堆腐制备基质过程中,加入体积比例20%的酒糟能提高堆腐效率,有效改善腐熟物料中pH值、EC值等不良理化性质,为稻秸秆的基质化利用提供了方法。     

硝/铵营养对香蕉生长及其枯萎病发生的影响

通过水培试验,研究了不同硝/铵配比对香蕉生长及其根际尖孢镰刀菌侵染的影响。结果表明, 1）铵硝混合营养对香蕉生长的效果优于单一营养,尤其是在75%硝态氮+25%铵态氮处理下香蕉生长最好,叶片中氮、磷、钾含量也最高; 2）香蕉根际pH在100%铵态氮处理时最低,随着硝态氮比例的增加,pH逐渐上升; 3）接种尖孢镰刀菌后,根际病原菌数量在100% 铵态氮处理时最多,但是在根系细胞内却没有检测到,相反,随着硝态氮比例的增加,虽然在根际中检测到的病菌数量有所降低,但是在根系内均发现存在病原菌。本研究结果说明,相对于铵硝混合营养,全铵营养会导致香蕉生长受到一定的影响,但是却能够防止香蕉尖孢镰刀菌侵染进植物根系。由于在离体培养时,全铵可以抑制尖孢镰刀菌穿透植物细胞壁的过程,因此全铵培养植物时,其根部质外体及细胞中铵态氮浓度高很可能是抑制病原菌侵染的主要原因。     

Bragg soybeans grown on a southern coastal plains soil i. dry matter distribution,nodal growth analysis,and sample variability

Yields of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are affected by the manner in which available resources are partitioned into component plant parts. Little is known about these partitioning processes and much of what has been reported describes indeterminate cultivars or comes from other than field studies. A field investigation was conducted, therefore, on a Goldsboro loamy sand (Aquic Paleudult) to characterize in detail the growth and development of a determinate soybean cultivar ‘Bragg’. Soybean were grown in well watered field plots in four replications from each of which 4 nested samples of 0.3 m² each were combined at each sampling. Leaf area, dry matter production, internode length, and sample variability were determined nodally at 10‐ to 14‐day intervals from 7 July to 17 October. Plant components at each node were separated into stems, leaf blades, pods, and petioles. Primary and secondary branches were combined in the petiole fraction.

Maximum above ground plant dry weight achieved was 1027 g/m² and maximum combined nodal dry weight was 92 g/m² (at node 8), both occurring at the R7 growth stage. Canopy dry weight distribution over time was unique for each plant part. Growth analyses showed that RGR, NAR, LAR, and LWR declined with plant age at a rate that could be described with either linear or exponential models. A maximum CGR of 16.24 g/m²/day occurred at mid‐podfill and declined thereafter due to maturity. Leaf area per node peaked between nodes 7 and 12, decreasing uniformly toward the top of the canopy. Maximum nodal LAI was 0.79 at node 7 on 31 August.

Distribution of dry weight among parts varied with plant age and node position. Maximum dry weights of stems (276 g/m²), petioles (253 g/m²), and leaves (263 g/m²) were found during mid‐podfill. During mid‐August, the dry weights of the stems, petioles, and leaves were similar and approximately 250 g/m². Stem dry weights had the lowest coefficients of variation of all plant fractions once maximum dry weight was achieved. Internode length varied along the stem with the maximum at node 12. By bloom, expansion of the internodes lower than 12 had ceased; expansion of the eight higher internodes ceased three weeks later. During vegetative growth, the ratio of stem internodal dry weight to internodal length had peak values at the lowest and highest internodes. During reproductive growth, the ratio decreased linearly with internode number. Coefficients of variation (CV) for the combined weight of plant parts, and for stems, petioles, leaves, and pods were relatively constant during the season and were 24.8, 23.4, 38.2, 25.5, and 26.8%, respectively. The CV's for the combined weight of plant parts were somewhat higher at the lowest and uppermost nodes. This variability resulted from the abscission of petioles and leaves in the lower nodes and the initiation of leaves, petioles, and pods in the upper nodes where rapid growth and development was occurring. Time from node initiation to achievement of lowest stable CV was determined for each node and plant part. Plant node position and morphological part with the lowest CV was identified for each sampling date (and growth stage).     

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant protection using dual biological control and plant growth-promoting agents: Current scenarios and future prospects

Various microorganisms live in association with different parts of plants and can be harmful, neutral, or beneficial to plant health. Some microbial inhabitants of plants can control plant diseases by contesting with, predating on, or antagonizing plant pathogens and by inducing systems for plant defense. A range of methods, including plant growth-promoting microorganisms(PGPMs) as biological control agents(BCAs)(BCA-PGPMs) are used for the biological management and control of plant pathogens. S...     

Optimum N and P rates for greenhouse production of vegetative coleus using constant liquid feed

Many new coleus (C. hybridus cv.) cultivars are vegetatively propagated and require different fertilization practices from seed propagated cultivars. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate growth responses of Henna, Indian Summer, Mint Mocha, New Orleans Red, Red Head, and Trusty Rusty to 0, 70, 140, 280 and 420 mg·L^?1 nitrogen (N), and Henna, Mint Mocha, Red Head, and Trusty Rusty to 0, 6.2, 12.4, 24.8, or 49.6 mg·L^?1 phosphorus (P) to determine optimum constant liquid feed rates to produce marketable size plants from rooted cuttings. Positive growth responses in terms of biomass were found with increasing N rates but not P rates. For medium-sized cultivars such as Henna, Indian Summer, and New Orleans Red, quadratic responses were found in aboveground biomass, and N at 280 mg·L^?1 resulted in similar plant size and dry weight as those fertilized at 140 and 420 mg·L^?1 N. For large-sized cultivars such as Mint Mocha, Red Head and Trusty Rusty, plant dry weight responded linearly within the N range tested and were greatest at 420 mg·L^?1. However, plant visual quality was negatively affected by N rates at 280 and 420 mg·L^?1 in that, leaf color became less intense at these high N rates. Plants fertilized at 70 mg·L^?1 were smaller than those fertilized at 140 mg·L^?1, however, they received similar visual quality ratings because of more intense leaf color. Therefore, N at 70 to 140 mg·L^?1 can be used to grow most vegetative coleus for similar marketable quality. Mint Mocha and Henna were the only cultivars responded to P treatments that, 12.4 mg·L^?1 P rate resulted in greater biomass than the no-P control. All other cultivars had no response to supplemental P except a linear response in tissue P%. Therefore, supplemental P is not required during the 8 week production period when there is an initial P charge in the substrate. We found that substrate pH decreases with higher P rates, therefore supplemental P fertilizer can be used for adjusting pH. Both N and P rates found optimum in this study are lower than current industry practices (N at 150 to 250 mg·L^?1 and P at 24 mg·L^?1) and can significantly lower production cost and potential leaching of excessive nutrient into waterway. Nutrient treatments in further study on postharvest performance of vegetative coleus will be selected based on this study.     

The diagnosis of nitrogen deficiency in wheat by means of a critical nitrate concentration in stem bases

Abstract

Stem bases from wheat plants in a glasshouse pot experiment conducted under varying nitrogen and two water regimes, were analysed for nitrate (NO₃) concentration. The concentration of NO₃ at three stages of growth i.e. tillering, jointing and anthesis were related both to rates of applied nitrogen and to shoot dry matter yield at time of sampling. Plotted against rate of increasing nitrogen application, the response curve of NO₃ concentration in wheat stem bases was sigmoidal. The level of nitrogen application at which NO₃ began to accumulate in the plants was the supply at which plants reached maximum dry matter yield. The concentration of NO₃ at which plant yield was 90% of maximum dry matter was taken as the critical level. This concentration was around 1000 ppm NO₃‐N at all stages. Compared with plants supplied with unlimited water, plants under moderate water stress accumulated relatively more NO₃ but had a similar critical NO₃ concentration.

Maximum grain yield was obtained from plants which stayed above the critical level throughout the growing season.     

Fruit Quality and Nitrogen,Potassium, and Calcium Content of Apple as Influenced by Nitrate: Ammonium Ratios in Tree Nutrition

Evaluations of fruit quality and nitrogen, potassium, and calcium concentration of apple (Malus domestica Borkh. cvs. Gala and Golab) grown with five treatments of NO₃^?:NH₄⁺ ratios were made in pot culture. The concentrations of NO₃^?:NH₄⁺ ratios were 2.5:0.1, 6:1, 6:0.7, 6:0.5, 6:0.3 meq L^?1. Fruit size, percent dry matter, total dissolved solids, total acidity, or juice pH was not affected by increased ammonium in the ratio. Firmness decreased as the proportion of NH₄⁺ increased. Gala and Golab differed in some of these parameters. Concentrations of N and K increased as NH₄⁺ increased, whereas Ca had no trend or decreased. Generally, the treatment of 2.5:0.1 produced fruits with lower N but higher K and Ca concentrations than the other treatments. This research showed that some parameters such as fruit weight, length, and diameter, juice pH, and dry matter were not affected significantly by NH₄⁺ concentration whereas composition was affected.     

The influence of carbon dioxide on the growth,pigment, protein,carbohydrate, and mineral status of lettuce

Lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Grand Rapids) were grown in nutrient solution in controlled environment plant growth chambers to characterize certain qualitative responses to above ambient levels of CO₂. Increased plant material produced under high CO₂ levels did not differ nutritionally from plants grown under ambient levels. No differences were found in chloroplast pigment content, protein content, or in carbohydrate content on a weight basis. Sequential harvests did reveal, however, that there is a greater accumulation of carbohydrate, under high CO₂ conditions, prior to an increased growth rate as the plants reach maturity.     

Rapid and simple leaf tissue test for nitrate

Abstract

A simple and rapid procedure for the determination of nitrate in fresh leaf tissue, suitable for use by relatively untrained operators is presented. The method requires only 4 reagents and can be carried out in less than 20 min from start to finish. A 400 mg sample of fresh leaf tissue is macerated briefly with 5 drops of 10 N sulphuric acid, diluted with 10.0 ml of water and filtered. Nitrate‐N is estimated on an aliquot of the filtered extract by reducing the nitrate to nitrite by shaking with powdered zinc in ammonium hydroxide solution for 3 min. The reduced mixture is allowed to settle (5 min) and an aliquot is withdrawn through a cotton‐wool plug thus removing any particles of the zinc. The filtered aliquot is then reacted with a single colour reagent to yield a pink azo‐dye, the intensity of which is directly proportional to the amount of nitrate.

The method was found to have a coefficient of variation of about 4%. When compared with the phenoldisulphonic acid method for nitrate, on aliquots of the some plant extract, it yielded values which were on average 94.6% of those obtained with the former method. The coefficient of variation between the methods was 7%.     

The determination of boron in soil extracts,plant materials,composts, manures,water and nutrient solutions

Abstract

A rapid colorimetric method for the determination of boron in soil extracts, plant materials, composts, manures, water and nutrient solution is proposed. The method is rapid, reliable and carried out in aqueous solution. A marked advantage is that boron can be determined in the same soil extract or plant material digest used for determination of other elements.     

Nutrient deficiencies and toxicities in plants: Nitrogen

Current literature review and discussion of the N status of plants as related to their growth and yield and quality of produced product.     

植物营养生物学研究方向探讨

植物营养生物学是重点研究植物活化、吸收、转运与利用养分的生理、分子及遗传机制的科学。在过去的30年,我国植物营养生物学研究取得了长足的发展,但从国家自然科学基金资助情况分析,与相关学科相比,近10多年来植物营养生物学总体研究力量相对薄弱,缺乏新一代领军人才。一些研究更接近于“纯”植物生物学,与植物营养应用研究出现脱节,对农业绿色发展及化肥产业升级的支撑不够。植物营养生物学研究者应该重视与作物育种、耕作栽培、生态环境、植物保护及化肥产业的合作,跟踪这些领域的研究现状及生产中面临的技术需求,围绕这些领域的技术“瓶颈”开展植物营养基础研究,在提供解决途径的同时创新植物营养生物学机理,从而丰富植物营养学理论。在研究内容上,建议重视控制养分响应度的生理与遗传机制,养分信号与环境信号互作,养分×土壤×管理互作及其对根系生长的影响,养分供应与抗生物胁迫,高产高效的植物营养生理学基础,特种作物的营养机理,化肥产品升级的生物学途径等方向的研究。