草甘膦森草净除草效果研究

林地杂草丛生,不仅会与幼林争光,争水、争肥,还会促进林内病虫滋生,严重影响林木生长。我国南方大部分林地地形复杂,气候多变,用人工方式除草要消耗巨大的人力、财力,而且速度缓慢。但使用化学药剂除草,既能尽快解决草害问题,又能降低除草成本与劳动强度,提高经济效益。草甘膦、森草净是高效、低毒、广谱性芽后除草剂,又是内吸、传导性除草剂,能防除林地内的一年生禾本科、莎草科类杂草,阔叶草和林地灌丛等。     

草甘磷林带除草试验初报

<正> 在黄淮海中低产区改造过程中,为改变农业生态条件,提高农业生态经济效益,营造以农田林网为主,带、网、片结合的综合防护林体系是重要措施之一,大面积林木的营造,尤其是农田林网的营造多和渠、路配套建设,抚育工作不宜机械化作业,幼林除草手工作业方式,劳动强度大,工作效率低,费工费力,生产成本高,为了提高经营管理水平,提高工作效率,减少劳动强度,降低成本,我们在饶阳万亩综合防护林试区,连续两年进行了林带化学除草试验。考虑到林带与农田接触面大,人畜活动频繁,杂草种类多等特点,我们选用了草甘磷除草剂。草甘磷属含磷氨基酸化合物,对哺乳动物、鱼类、蚯蚓、蜜蜂等均无不良影响,药液喷到土壤上或经杂草流到土壤时,能很快分解,完全失效,不在土壤中累积,不影响林木生长,对环境无污染,无公害,既是一种高度安全性的除草剂;又是一个广普     

“农达”除草剂除草效果试验初报

“农达”除草剂除草效果试验初报田年军马立信张焕良曹长青赵义发刘学芝（白山市林业科学研究所）受美国孟山都公司委托，白山市林业科学研究所采用该公司生产的４１％“农达”除草剂，在林粮间作、幼林抚育等方面进行了除草试验，取得了较好的效果。实践证明，该除草剂能...     

森草净在幼林中的应用试验初报

用森草净１０％水悬剂对马尾松、湿地松及杉木造林地进行化学除草试验表明，森草净用于马尾松、湿地松幼林抚育除草效果好，比较安全。施用量以有效量４１２．５ｇ／ｈｍ＾２即可。森草净用于杉木幼林地除草对杉木危害明显，不宜作用。     

森草净在幼林中的应用试验初报

用森草净１０％水悬剂对马尾松、湿地松及杉木造林地进行化学除草试验表明，森草净用于马尾松、湿地松幼林抚育除草效果好，比较安全。施用量以有效量４１２．５９／ｈｍ２即可。森草净用于杉木幼林地除草对杉木危害明显，不宜使用。     

"森草净"除草效果与经济效益分析

黑龙江省森林保护研究所研制的高科技新产品——森草净，于1995年获林业部科技进步二等奖，并被列为林业部重点推广项目，已在全国林区以及铁路公路机场推广应用。结果表明；森草净化学除草效果好，应用范围广、毒性很小、成本低、使用安全、操作简便、易于推广，是经济适用的林业和非耕业除草剂。     

割地草在杉木无性扦插苗圃除草技术研究

在杉木无性繁殖扦插苗圃，采用割地草６００ｍｌ／６６７ｍ２的稀释液直接喷洒苗床，３０ｄ后调查，对施药前已长出的杂草防除效果达６１５％，对施药后抑制防除效果达９９％以上。全年施药２次即可代替全年人工拔草。它与人工拔草相比，省工９１．７％。     

“果尔”除草剂对杨树苗木影响及除草效果研究

"果尔"除草剂是一种高效、低毒、低残留的新型化学除草剂,为了筛选适合杨树苗圃中应用的"果尔"除草剂的浓度,研究了3.6、2.4、1.2 ml·L^-1的24%果尔乳油除草剂对渤丰3号杨生长的影响及除草效果。结果表明:渤丰3号杨对"果尔"较为敏感,较高施药浓度(3.6 ml·L^-1)会影响苗木的正常生长及光合速率和蒸腾速率,但对气孔导度和胞间二氧化碳浓度无显著影响。3.6 ml·L^-1的校正防效系数高达96.2%,除草效果最好;2.4 ml·L^-1除草效果次之,校正防效系数为81%,从保护杨树幼苗的角度出发,建议采用2.4 ml·L^-1的施药浓度。     

草坪化学除草技术研究

针对草坪管理中人工除草费用偏高的问题,长春市林科院1998年起进行了防除草坪杂草的综合技术研究。本文报导了草坪化学除草试验结果。     

杉木、马尾松幼林中以五节芒为主的杂草防除试验

通过采用不同药剂对杉木、马尾松幼林中以五节芒为主的杂草防除试验,结果表明:森泰能有效地灭除杉木、马尾松林的多年生恶性杂草五节芒、苦竹、刚竹、芒萁骨等;以草甘膦为主剂,Goal、Oust为辅剂的草甘膦混剂也能灭除五节芒等杂草,防除效果分别达到95%和92%以上。化学除草比人工除草减少用工56.1%~61%,同时为幼树生长创造良好的环境。     

浅谈螨类对园林植物的危害及防治

叙述了危害花卉植物的三种螨类 ,提出了“三看一洗”的防治方法。     

鄂东南低山丘陵区五节芒防除试验

为筛选出防除五节芒效果较好的除草剂,利用农达(41%草甘膦)、百草枯、精喹禾灵三种除草剂,开展鄂东南低山丘陵区五节芒防除试验,结果表明:三种除草剂除草效果与施药剂量、施药时间呈正比时,三种除草剂均可有效控制五节芒生长;但综合施药和成本情况,确定出农达(41%草甘膦)为防治五节芒优选除草剂,施药剂量以3 000 mL·hm-2为宜。     

Early growth of pigeonpea under open-pit planting and restricted weeding in semiarid Zimbabwe

Simple and efficient tree-establishment methods are a key to the success of agroforestry technologies under limited-resource conditions. An experiment was conducted to test the effect of open pit planting and reduced weeding on soil moisture content and growth of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.). The results indicated that open-pit planting might reduce early growth of the plant. Clean weeding gave the most rapid growth and should be practised in the first year of establishment. However, because circle weeding substantially increased basal diameter and branching when compared to no weeding, in situations with labour constraints, it can be used to lessen the deleterious effects of weeds. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Survival and growth of five species of Pinus seedlings after different approaches to competition control: “bridging” studies between Oregon and Mexico

Two species of pine native to Oregon and three native to Mexico were reciprocally planted in southwest Oregon and northeastern Mexico. The Oregon study site has very dry, hot summers; the Mexican site has hot, dry springs, but has rainy summers. Total rainfall and native genera are similar on both sites. Site-preparation trials were carried out on north and south slopes at both locations. For all species on both sites, survival on south slopes was satisfactory only with site-preparation treatments that gave near-complete vegetation control. Overall survival was best on north slopes in Mexico, and herb control was not required. Woody cover decreased survival and growth at all locations and aspect combinations. Chemical control improved survival, but the standing dead shade did reduce growth slightly as compared to growth on the totally cleared sites. Clearing without chemical control gave poor results in Oregon, but permitted good seedling survival and growth at the location in northeastern Mexico. Overall, ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) was the least sensitive species to environmental stress, and Hartweg pine (Pinus hartwegii Engelm.), the most sensitive. Mexican pines appeared to require more protection from water stress than did ponderosa pine.     

福建省毛竹害螨发生情况与综合治理

该文简述了福建省毛竹害螨种类、分布与危害情况 ,分析了暴发成灾的主要原因 ,提出营林技术措施、保护利用天敌与竹腔注射药物相结合的对策综合治理毛竹害螨     

Sensory evaluation of carpet cleaner containing essential oil and the effect on mites

We prepared carpet cleaners containing three wood oils extracted from Thujopsis dolabrata Sieb. et Zucc. var. hondai Makino, Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl., and Chamaecyparis taiwanensis Masamune et Suzuki and studied their effects on mites and perfumerists' impressions. The oil concentrations were set at 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.6%. The effects on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Trouessart were investigated. The sensory evaluations were conducted by seven male perfumerists using the SD method and they were asked to describe freely their impressions of the scents. These results showed that: (1) all three types of wood oil had a significant effect on making D. pteronyssinus inactive at 0.1% concentration; and (2) the wood oil of T. dolabrata evoked refreshing, natural, rich, and intellectual feelings; C. obtusa oil evoked vivacious, rich, and intellectual feelings; and C. taiwanensis evoked refreshing, natural, rich, rough, masculine feelings. According to the test subjects, T. dolabrata evoked woody and earthy impressions; C. obtusa evoked woody, citrus, and pine-resin impressions; and C. taiwanensis evoked woody, citrus, and medical impressions. Many issues remain to be investigated, but the inclusion of wood oil in carpet cleaners offered both good mite control and a pleasant aroma to humans. This study suggests a new potential for using these wood oils.