O型口蹄疫疫苗与猪瘟疫苗同步免疫后免疫抗体群体合格率监测

猪口蹄疫和猪瘟均是严重危害养猪业生产的重大动物疫病,目前我国对猪口蹄疫和猪瘟最有效的预防和控制措施就是进行免疫接种。本研究采用O型口蹄疫液相阻断ELISA试验和猪瘟正向间接血凝试验方法对猪O型口蹄疫疫苗、猪瘟疫苗单独免疫及猪O型口蹄疫疫苗与猪瘟疫苗同步免疫后O型口蹄疫免疫抗体和猪瘟免疫抗体群体合格率分别进行监测,以期摸索出沈阳地区猪口蹄疫和猪瘟疫苗同步分点免疫后抗体群体保护率     

云南省建水县2017-2019年猪牛羊O型口蹄疫免疫效果分析

为了解云南省建水县近3年猪、牛、羊0型口蹄疫的免疫效果,分别对2017—2019年采集的268份猪血清、200份牛血清、268份羊血清进行检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果显示,2017—2019年建水地区猪牛羊0型口蹄疫抗体的阳性率分别为79.48%、93%、76.12%。规模化场猪牛羊0型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为87.64%、87.96%、85.45%;散养户猪牛羊0型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为75.42%、75%、73.71%。2017年猪牛羊0型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为80.6%、100%、80.6%;2018年猪牛羊0型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为73.13%、72%、71.64%;2019年猪牛羊0型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为83.58%、100%、71.64%。2017—2019年猪0型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为80.6%、73.13%、83.58%;2017—2019年牛O型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为100%、72%、100%;2017—2019年羊0型口蹄疫抗体阳性率分别为80.6%、71.64%、71.64%。这些数据可为云南省建水地区猪牛羊口蹄疫的防控提供参考。     

猪瘟、猪O型口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫效果评价

采用猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗（或灭活苗）和高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗同时分点注射。对40—50日龄健康仔猪进行联合免疫,观察其免疫反应,并经正向间接血凝和ELISA试验评价其免疫效果。结果发现：三种疫苗联合免疫,临床上未发现严重的免疫反应,对猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗的免疫效果无明显的干扰或抑制作用,对高致病性猪蓝耳病和猪O型口蹄疫灭活苗免疫效果有显著的干扰或抑制作用。研究表明：三种疫苗联合免疫具有较高安全性,猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗可进行联合免疫,但高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活疫苗、猪O型口蹄疫灭活苗应单独使用。     

猪瘟猪O型口蹄疫高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫试验报告

为了评价猪瘟、口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫效果,采用猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗对33～50日龄健康仔猪同时分点注射进行联合免疫,用正向间接血凝试验和ELISA试验检测其免疫效果。结果表明,3种疫苗联合免疫具有较高安全性,猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗(浓缩)和高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗同时分点注射,对猪瘟脾淋苗和猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗免疫效果无明显的免疫抑制或干扰作用,但对高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗免疫效果有显著的抑制或干扰作用。猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗可进行联合免疫,但高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活疫苗应单独免疫。     

甘肃省猪一类疫病强制免疫程序优化试验

当前国内对猪O型口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病实行强制免疫。根据甘肃省动物疫病预防控制中心检测,近年来甘肃省猪O型口蹄疫、猪瘟和高致病性蓝耳病免疫抗     

2013-2016年安顺市规模猪场免疫效果调查分析

为了解近4年安顺市规模养猪场O型口蹄疫、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟免疫效果,采用ELISA方法对全市规模猪场免疫抗体进行监测.结果:2014年猪繁殖与呼吸综合征,2016年猪O型口蹄疫、猪瘟免疫抗体合格率略有下降(P<0.01);除2013年猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体群体合格率低于农业部70％的合格要求,其他年份均达标;2015年三大疫病免疫抗体合格率平均最高,且猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟免疫抗体合格率明显高于猪O型口蹄疫,三大疫病免疫抗体总体呈稳步上升趋势(P<0.01).检测数据可为安顺市猪疫病预警和净化提供参考.     

贵州省开阳县某猪场主要猪病的血清学抗体检测分析

为了解贵州省开阳县某猪场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪O型口蹄疫病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒的免疫及感染情况,通过采用ELISA检测方法对猪场30份血清进行相关抗体检测.结果:(1)猪O型口蹄疫病毒、猪伪狂犬病毒gB、猪瘟病毒免疫抗体合格率均>70％,免疫效果较好.(2)猪口蹄疫3-ABC抗体阳性率为0,表明猪群无口蹄疫...     

乐山市猪瘟和猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体水平检测与分析

为掌握乐山市生猪饲养场猪瘟和猪O型口蹄疫疫苗免疫效果,2015年,笔者对全市11个区(市)县114个生猪养殖场(户)采用ELISA方法,检测猪瘟免疫抗体1917份、猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体1881份。结果表明,乐山市猪瘟免疫抗体合格率为84.9%,猪O型口蹄疫免疫抗体合格率为81.1%。规模化猪场猪瘟和猪O型口蹄疫抗体合格率普遍高于散养户,试验为乐山防控这2种疫病提供了基础资料。     

规模化猪场猪瘟和口蹄疫疫苗优化免疫

本文旨在研究生产实践中猪瘟和口蹄疫疫苗同时免疫对二者免疫效果的影响,采用A、B、C、D四种不同的免疫方案,其中A、B两组研究猪瘟与猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗同时免疫相互影响结果;C、D两组研究猪瘟与猪口蹄疫O型206佐剂高效苗相互影响结果。试验结果表明:猪瘟疫苗和猪口蹄疫疫苗(包括口蹄疫合成肽疫苗和口蹄疫O型206佐剂高效苗)同时免疫与单独分步免疫在免疫抗体效价方面差异不显著,在生产实际中是可行。     

猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫程序优化试验

本试验用108头2月龄以上健康猪,先用猪瘟细胞苗单独免疫,间隔10 d后用高致病性猪蓝耳病活疫苗和猪口蹄疫O型灭活苗同时分点注射。结果表明：猪瘟的免疫抗体合格率达79．63％,猪口蹄疫抗体合格率达94．44％,高致病性猪蓝耳病抗体合格率达87．96％,均超过农业部规定的免疫抗体合格率≥70％的要求,并且免疫过程中未出现不良反应,猪口蹄疫与猪高致病性蓝耳病活疫苗可以同时免疫。     

Comparison of in vitro and in situ methods in evaluation of forage digestibility in ruminants

The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.     

大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查

对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明，大庆有3种东毕吸虫，即程氏东毕吸虫（O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫（O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种（O.turkestanican var.thuberculata)；中间宿主螺类有1种，即卵萝卜螺；东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广，所调查的4区2县均有发生，羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50．33％，平均死亡率为21．12％，大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬，慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。     

ELISA试验在防制猪伪狂犬病中的应用

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂病病毒(Pseudorabies virus PRV)引起的急性传染病。其特征是成年猪常为隐性感染，可有流产、死胎、呼吸系统症状，新生仔猪除神经症状外还可侵害消化系统，并伴大批死亡。本病已经给全世界的养猪业造成严重的损失，我国许多地区已报道该病。为进一步探讨该病的控制、净化措施，我们对12个养猪场共856分血清采用美国嗍公司的ELISA试剂盒进行了抗体检测。     

Estimate of economic impact of fowl cholera in turkeys in Georgia in 1986

Information gathered from cases of fowl cholera (FC) in commercial turkey flocks through case records, flock records, and telephone and mail surveys was used to estimate disease costs. The cost to the Georgia commercial turkey industry in 1986 from preventive measures, treatment of outbreaks, and production losses from the disease was estimated at $634,545. The cost of FC per kg of live production was estimated to be $0.015.     

中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查

2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。     

Use of cyclocryotherapy in management of glaucoma in dogs

In 5 cases of glaucoma (2 from trauma, 2 from narrowed drainage angles, 1 secondary to lens extraction), cyclocryotherapy was used to control intraocular pressure. In all cases the intraocular pressure decreased, with the usual result being a cosmetic and painless but blind eye.     

Efficacy of parvaquone in the treatment of naturally occurring theileriosis in cattle in Iraq

Summary Parvaquone was tested in cattle infected withTheileria annulata when they were presented at clinics in the vicinity of Baghdad. Out of over 200 cases presented with suspected theileriosis between July 1984 and July 1985, the drug was used in 45 cases where theileriosis was confirmed by microscopic examination of blood and lymph node biopsy smears. Twenty seven of the cases were considered mild and 18 cases severe. Weights of the cattle were estimated and parvaquone was administered by intramuscular injection at a nominal dose of 20 mg/kg. A single treatment with parvaquone was used in 25 cases and 20 cases were treated twice but there was no correlation between severity of disease and the number of treatments given. Twelve cases (27%) also received antibacterial therapy. All cases were in exotic cattle or cattle born from exotic (imported) cattle and 64% of the cases were in cattle under six months of age. Temperatures dropped immediately after treatment and the majority were normal (below 39.5°C) by two to three days after the first treatment. Of the 45 cases treated 43 recovered. This compares very favourably with a previously reported mortality of 66% in untreated imported cattle in Iraq.

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Eficacia Del Parvaquone En El Tratamiento De La Theilerosis Natural En Ganado En Iraq

Resumen Se trató ganado infectado conTheileria annulata en forma natural con parvaquone, en clínicas veterinarias localizadas en la vecindad de Baghdad. De 200 casos admitidos con sospecha de theileriosis, entre julio 1984 y julio 1985, la droga se usó en 45 casos confirmados mediante el examen microscópico de frotis de sangre y biopsias de ganglios linfáticos. Veintisiete de los casos se consideraron moderados y 18 casos severos. Se estimaron los pesos de los animales enfermos, suministrandoles parvaquone vía intramuscular en dosis nominales de 20 mg/kg (rango 16–35 mg/kg). Se utilizó un solo tratamiento con parvaquone en 25 casos clínicos, mediante la aplicación de una sola inyección y se aplicaron dos inyecciones en 20 casos (doble tratamiento), sin que se encontrara correlación alguna entre la severidad de la enfermedad, recuperación y número de tratamientos. Doce casos (27%) recibieron también algún tratamiento antibacteriano. Todos los casos de theileriosis se presentaron en ganado exótico o nacido de ganado exótico (importado) y 64% de los casos ocurrieron en ganado bajo los seis meses de edad. La temperatura bajó inmediatamente después del tratamiento, normalizándose dos o tres días después de tratamiento (bajo 39.5°C). De los 45 casos tratados 43 se recuperaron. Se informa una mortalidad previa de 60% en ganado importado no tratado contra theileriosis en Iraq.

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Efficacite De La Parvaquone Pour Le Traitement De La Theileriose Naturelle Des Bovins En Irak

Résumé La parvaquone a été essayée pour le traitement de bovins infectés parTheileria annulata lorsqu'ils étaient présentés aux cliniques des environs de Bagdad. Sur plus de 200 cas présentés pour suspicion de theilériose entre juillet 1984 et juillet 1985, le médicament a été utilisé dans 45 cas où la theilériose était confirmée par l'examen microscopique du sang et de biopsies de ganglions lymphatiques, 27 cas étaient considérés comme des atteintes modérées et 18 comme des cas graves. Les poids des animaux étaient estimés à l'oeil et la parvaquone administrée par voie intra-musculaire à la dose normale de 20 mg/kg (soit 16 à 35 mg/kg). Un traitement unique à la parvaquone a été pratiqué dans 25 cas et il a du être renouvelé dans 20 cas mais il n'y avait pas corrélation entre la gravité des symptômes et le nombre de traitements requis. Dans 12 cas (27%) une thérapie antibactérienne a également été mise en oeuvre. Tous les malades étaient des animaux importés ou issus d'animaux importés et dans 64% des cas les animaux étaient âgés de moins de 6 mois. Les températures ont chuté immédiatement après le traitement et, pour la plupart, étaient normales (moins de 39°5) deux à trois jours après le traitement—sur 45 animaux traités, 43 ont guéri. Ces résultats apparaissent très favorables par rapport à la mortalité de 66% rapportée antérieurement et affectant les bovins non traités en Irak.