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非洲猪瘟病毒是非洲猪瘟病毒科、非洲猪瘟病毒属的唯一成员,病毒基因组庞大,能编码100种以上的蛋白质分子。20世纪20年代该病毒首次在非洲的肯尼亚被发现,经过几十年,已经在世界多个国家不断蔓延,我国于2018年8月首次发生非洲猪瘟疫情。目前,非洲猪瘟抗原检测方法有红细胞吸附试验、荧光抗体试验、PCR技术、荧光定量PCR技术、环介导等温扩增技术等。抗体检测技术主要是酶联免疫吸附试验、胶体金试纸条法等。根据非洲猪瘟疫情在我国的发生情况,中国动物疫病预防控制中心组织了非洲猪瘟现场快速检测评审,对各种检测方法进行了技术把关,为非洲猪瘟病毒的检测和防控提供了技术保证。 相似文献
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为了了解山西省屠宰场非洲猪瘟的检测能力与水平,2019年山西省动物疫病预防控制中心对全省11个市的屠宰场开展了非洲猪瘟病毒检测能力比对。本次比对采用荧光PCR检测方法进行非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测。结果显示,共有96个屠宰场参与比对工作,其中71个屠宰场检测结果符合要求,符合率为74.0%。比对结果客观地反映了全省屠宰场非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测能力,表明屠宰场非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测工作仍存在多方面不足,应该进一步增强检测人员的业务能力,以确保检测结果真实准确。 相似文献
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魏春梅 《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2019,(9):6-7
非洲猪瘟是由非洲猪瘟病毒引起的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。由于非洲猪瘟与经典猪瘟、副猪嗜血杆菌病、猪肺疫等疫病症状相似,必须依靠实验室检测进行确诊。2018年8月我国辽宁发现首例非洲猪瘟疫情,河南省就高度重视,在《河南省动物疫病预防控制机构建设指导意见(暂行)》(豫牧医〔2017〕38号)、《焦作市非洲猪瘟疫情防控工作应急指挥部关于紧急建设县级分子生物学实验室的通知》等通知和指导意见中,要求县级畜牧局应建设分子生物学实验室,应具备荧光PCR检测能力。 相似文献
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摘要:非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染导致的猪高死亡率的传染病,最早起源于非洲,是最复杂的猪传染性疾病之一。非洲猪瘟自首次报道至今已有1个世纪,但在没有疫苗和没有有效治疗方法的情况下,非洲猪瘟病毒的防控仍是一项巨大的挑战。当前,非洲猪瘟病毒已在我国“定殖”,该病毒的检测已经成为养猪企业的一项常规工作。实时荧光定量PCR是检测非洲猪瘟病毒最常用的方法,一些新型的核酸检测技术也被开发用于病毒检测,例如环介导等温扩增法、荧光重组酶介导等温扩增法等,均具有较好的特异性和灵敏度。本文阐述了非洲猪瘟的流行现状及不同病原学检测方法,对不同检测方法进行简单的比较,以期为非洲猪瘟病毒的检测提供参考。 相似文献
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非洲猪瘟在我国已经暴发近3年零5个月了,病毒已经形成一定的污染面.为精准防控非洲猪瘟,国家鼓励猪场实验室开展非洲猪瘟自检工作,非洲猪瘟病毒荧光PCR检测为猪场实验室常规检测项目.荧光PCR检测是一种技术含量很高的工作,要想做好并不容易,为保证检测结果的准确性和可靠性,笔者结合自身工作对检测环节的一些常见问题进行总结,供... 相似文献
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《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2019,(8):15-15
近日,中国动物疫病预防控制中心公布全国非洲猪瘟现场快速检测试剂比对结果,由洛阳普泰生物技术有限公司国内首创的非洲猪瘟病毒荧光热对流PCR(简称cPCR)快速检测试剂盒及便携式cPCR扩增仪顺利通过比对和专家评审,批准应用于非洲猪瘟防控,为我国非洲猪瘟病毒现场即时准确诊断再添利器! 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献