膨化鸡粪饲料饲喂生长肉猪试验

采用西宁市华青蛋禽公司生产的膨化鸡粪饲料饲喂生长肉猪，试验１、２、３组分别按基础饲粮的１０％、２０％和３０％添加，代替基础饲粮。经６０天试验，试验１、２、３组的平均日增重分别比只喂基础饲粮的对照组提高２３．３２％（Ｐ＜０．０１），１２．３５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和降低６．２３％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；每千克增重分别比对照组节省混合料０．３２ｋｇ、０．２３ｋｇ和０．２８ｋｇ；每千克增重所需的饲料成本分别比对照组节支０．１３元和多支出０．１４元、０．３４元。试验证明，膨化鸡粪饲料以添加１０％为宜，可获得较好的经济效益。     

EM生物发酵液在育肥猪上的应用效果

应用ＥＭ发酵液发酵饲料开展育肥猪试验,经１２７天的饲喂,试验和对照组分别由１６．８公斤和２０．０公斤平均体重起试,试终出栏体重分别达到９４．８和９５．５２公斤,由组间差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）,最终达到不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）;试验较对照组头均日增重高１９．３克;头平均减少饲料消耗８．６公斤,料重比较对照组降低６．２％;缩短饲养周期１０天,节省饲料２２．９公斤;增加了养殖效益,试验期内头均增收５０．６     

园叶决明青贮代替精料饲养肉猪初报

本试验选用１８头长白杂肉猪分成３个组，加入不同比例的青贮园叶决明代替日粮中部分精饲料饲养肉猪。试验结果表明：在肉猪日粮中加入青贮园叶决明的数量为：小猪阶段５％－８％，中猪阶段１０％－１３％，大猪阶段１３％－１８％，其增重速度、饲料比２个试验组与对照组差异均不显著，而饲料成本，每增重１公斤试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别比对照组降低０．３２元和０．４４元，饲养１头肉猪可节省精饲料２４－３４公斤。利用青贮园叶决明饲养     

鸡粪常规养分测定和饲喂肉猪的效果

本研究对风干产蛋鸡粪进行了常规营养成分测定,以及鸡粪占日粮重０％、１０％、１５％、２０％的比例饲喂３２头肉猪试验,结果表明：风干鸡粪含有机物、干物质粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、无氮浸出物、钙和磷分别为６６．４％、９１．４％、２０．８％、２．０％、１６．２％、２７．４％、５．４８％和１．４８％;饲养全期,日粮添加１５％风干鸡粪的试猪增重速度未受影响,并节省混合饲料１７％,降低成本１９％,效益为四个试验组之首。     

鸡粪再生饲料饲喂哺乳母猪试验效果的研究

试验选用第三胎基础母猪３０头，技体重和产期相近原则随机等量分为３组，每组１０头。对照组母猪哺乳期喂基础饲料，试１组用１５％的鸡粪饲料代替精料，试２组与试１组营养水平基本相同，鸡粪饲料喂量为３０％。试验结果表明：各组仔猪２０日龄窝重，３５日龄窝重及哺乳期仔猪成活率等均无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；母猪泌乳失重和哺乳期采食量各组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）．以试１组母猪采食量较高，断奶窝重较大，表明在哺乳期母猪饲料中添加１５％的鸡粪饲料是可行的。     

日粮中添加鸡粪对生长獭兔的影响

选用生长獭兔２７只，随机分为３组，分别饲喂加入０％、１０％和２０％鸡粪的日粮，研究对试兔增重、饲料转化率、屠宰率及肉与毛皮品质的影响。结果表明：日粮中添加１０％和２０％的鸡粪，增重比对照组提高１６．５７％和１２．０４％；随鸡粪添加量的增加，饲料消耗有增加的趋势，但差异不显著；添加鸡粪对饲料利用率（每克增重耗料）和蛋白利用率（蛋白效率化）无显著影响；对试兔的屠宰率和肉质亦无不良影响，有的肉质指标如熟肉率和嫩度反而显著优于对照组；添加鸡粪对毛皮品质无显著不良影响，不影响毛皮等级；添加１０％和２０％鸡粪组的单位增重成本分别比对照组降低８．３５％和１０．２０％，经济效益显著。因此，在生长獭兔日粮中添加１０％～２０％鸡粪是可行的     

蝗虫粉饲喂肉鸡效果的研究

对商品代京黄肉用型雏鸡进行６０天饲喂蝗虫粉试验，结果：在基础日粮中添加５％蝗虫粉添加剂的试验组，比对照组平均日增重提高１５．２２％（Ｐ〈０．０１），饲料报酬每千克增重比对照组节省饲料０．３３ｋｇ（Ｐ〈０．０５）。     

园叶决明草粉代替日粮中部分稻谷饲养石歧杂肉鸡初报

本试验选用３００只石歧杂肉鸡分成三个组，加入不同比例的园叶决明草粉代替日粮中部分稻谷饲养石歧杂肉鸡。试验结果表明：在肉鸡日粮中加入４－７％的园叶决明草粉，其日增重、饲料报酬、肉料比，两个试验组与对照组差异均不显著，而饲养成本每增重１公斤试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组则分别比对照组降低０．０３元和０．２０元，而且养大一只鸡可节省稻谷０．２３－０．３３公斤。利用园叶决明草粉饲养肉鸡，不仅缓解广东粮食紧缺的矛盾，而且还能     

EM发酵鸡粪喂猪试验

为开发鸡粪再生饲料资源、降低饲料成本和研究EM微生物制剂发酵鸡粪的功效，我们对45－90kg阶段的肉猪进行了EM发酵鸡粪饲喂试验。使用25％发酵鸡粪的试验组猪的效果与对照组猪（用100％的饲料）的比较如下：1kg增重耗料3．1kg(除去鸡粪），降低11．4％，日增重638．9g，降低5．7％，1kg增重饲料成本3．88元，降低7．6％，头均增重饲料成本182．94元，降低了43．38元。使用50％发酵鸡粪的试验组猪的效果与对照组猪的比较如下：1kg增重耗料2．4kg（除去鸡粪），降低31．4％，日增重551．4kg，降低18．6％，1kg增重饲料成本3．49元，降低17．1％，头均饲料成本138．07元，降低85．83元。此外，试验猪舍蝇纹减少，臭味减轻。     

肉兔配合饲料配方

肉兔配合饲料配方（１）干草粉５０％槐叶粉２５％麸皮１０％玉米面１０％鱼粉３％骨粉１．５％食盐０．５％每１００公斤上述混合料中另加尿素１公斤。每公斤饲料含干物质７７．２５％，粗蛋白１４．１％，粗纤维１８．１７％，钙０．３５％，磷０．１７％。［饲养方法］...     

Effect of probiotic bacteria‐fermented medicinal plants (Gynura procumbens,Rehmannia glutinosa,Scutellaria baicalensis) as performance enhancers in growing pigs

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of mixed fermented medicinal plants (FMP) obtained from exudates of Gynura procumbens, Rehmannia glutinosa and Scutellaria baicalensis fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus licheniformis, respectively, on growth performance in growing pigs in order to assess the feasibility of using FMP as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP), such as tiamulin. A total of 150 growing pigs (body wieght 25.50 ± 2.50 kg) were used in a 6 weeks experiment and randomly divided into five groups with six replicates of five growing pigs each. The treatments were NC (basal diet), basal diet with 33 ppm tiamulin (PC), basal diet with FMP 0.05% (FMP 0.05), basal diet with FMP 0.1% (FMP 0.1) and basal diet with FMP 0.2% (FMP 0.2). Overall, body weight gain, feed conversion rate, the digestibility of dry matter and gross energy, noxious gas emission all improved with FMP supplementation as compared to NC. Taken together, these results suggest the feasibility of using FMP as an alternative to AGP for enhancing the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and excreta noxious gas emission of growing pigs.     

Further results of complete replacement of fish meal by means of poultry by-products meal in feed for trout fry and fingerling (Salmo gairdneri)

By further experiment lasting 44 days trout fingerlings were fed with feed containing 50% poultry by-products meal in order to prove the possibility of using it as sole source of animal protein. Water temperature was 10-15 degrees C. The daily weight gain amounted to 2.17% with a feed conversion of 1.62 kg feed/kg gain. The control group being fed with standard feed (FB) containing 51.5% fish meal reached a daily weight gain of 2.33% with a feed conversion of 1.39 kg feed/kg gain. Due to higher lipid content of test diet the test group reached a higher fat content than the control group (10% compared to 5.9%). Suggested recipe makes it possible to use poultry by-products meal in pelleted feed for trout fingerlings.     

Effect of liquid feeding weaned pigs on growth performance to harvest

Four experiments were undertaken to examine the effect of feeding postweaning diets as dry pelleted feed, fresh liquid feed, acidified liquid feed, and fermented liquid feed on pig performance from weaning (26 d) to harvest. In Exp. 1 (n = 12 replicates) and 2 (n = 10 replicates), the treatments were 1) dry pelleted feed and 2) fresh liquid feed. In Exp. 1, 2 kg of starter diet (16.7 MJ of DE/kg and 1.6% lysine) per pig and 5 kg of transition diet (16.7 MJ of DE/kg and 1.5% lysine) per pig followed by a weaner diet (14.0 MJ of DE/kg and 1.36% lysine) were offered to 27 d after weaning. In Exp. 3 (n = 8 replicates), the treatments were 1) dry pelleted feed, 2) fresh liquid feed, and 3) acidified liquid feed. In Exp. 4 (n = 8 replicates), the treatments were 1) dry pelleted feed, 2) acidified liquid feed, and 3) fermented liquid feed. In Exp. 2, 3, and 4, 3 kg of starter diet (16.1 MJ of DE/kg and 1.74% lysine) per pig and 6 kg of transition diet (15.3 MJ of DE/kg and 1.5% lysine) per pig followed by a weaner diet (14.0 MJ of DE/kg and 1.36% lysine) was offered to 27 d after weaning. All treatments were balanced for boars and gilts and diets were offered for ad libitum consumption. Acidified liquid feed was produced by adding lactic acid to the liquid feed so that its pH was decreased to 4.0. Fermented liquid feed was produced by adding an inoculum of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris 303 (1.3%, vol/wt) to the first mix. In Exp. 1, ADG from weaning to d 27 after weaning was 338 and 286 g/d (SEM = 10; P < 0.01) and DM gain/feed in the same period was 888 and 594 g/kg (SEM = 23.1; P < 0.001) for dry pelleted feed and fresh liquid feed, respectively. In Exp. 2, ADG was 391 and 352 g/d (SEM = 6.4; P < 0.01) and DM gain/feed was 856 and 642 g/kg (SEM = 9.9; P < 0.001) for dry pelleted feed and fresh liquid feed, respectively, during the period from weaning to d 27 after weaning. In Exp. 3, ADG was 408, 416, and 433 g/d (SEM = 12.7; P > 0.05) and DM gain/feed was 865, 755, and 789 g/ kg (SEM = 14.5; P < 0.001) for dry pelleted feed, fresh liquid feed, and acidified liquid feed, respectively. In Exp. 4, ADG was 361, 389, and 347 g/d (SEM = 13.2; P = 0.11) and DM gain/feed was 888, 749, and 733 g/ kg (SEM = 15.8; P < 0.001) for dry pelleted feed, acidified liquid feed, and fermented liquid feed, respectively, during the period from weaning to d 27 after weaning. It is concluded that although feeding acidified liquid feed may have some merit in the first 27 d after weaning, this benefit is lost in the subsequent period. No benefit arose from feeding fresh liquid feed or fermented liquid feed. Growth performance from d 28 after weaning to harvest was not improved by any liquid feed treatment.     

中草药添加剂提高家兔生长性能研究

选取断奶家兔32只,随机分成4组,各组饲料分别添加中药0 g/kg(Ⅰ,对照)、6 g/kg(Ⅱ)、9 g/kg(Ⅲ)和12g/kg(Ⅳ)。试验期60 d,测定各组初始体重、期末体重以及饲料消耗量,评价中草药饲料添加剂对家兔增重和料肉比的影响,并对各组经济效益进行比较。结果显示,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组平均日增重分别比对照组提高13.67%、18.28%、20.92%,且差异显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组料肉比分别为3.59∶1、3.51∶1和3.46∶1,分别比对照组降低6.02%、8.11%和9.42%,且差异显著(P<0.05);试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ经济效益分别比对照组提高19.8%、25.8%和29.1%(P<0.05)。     

降低生长肥育猪饲料中磷酸氢钙水平的研究

分30~60kg BW、60~100kg BW和30~100kg BW三个阶段研究了降低饲料中磷酸氢钙水平及降低磷酸氢钙的同时添加植酸酶对猪生长性能的影响。结果表明:磷酸氢钙添加水平在生长猪(30~60kg BW)饲料中由对照组的0.920%降低到0.552%、肥育猪(60~100kg BW)饲料中由对照组的0.760%降低到0.380%时都没有显著降低猪的生长性能(P>0.05),降低磷酸氢钙的同时添加植酸酶虽没有显著提高猪的生长速度(P>0.05),但能降低料肉比,其中在全阶段(30~100kg BW)的作用显著(P<0.05)。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡饲料中地克珠利的含量

本试验建立了鸡饲料中地克珠利(DIC)含量检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。采用乙腈提取饲料中的药物,经硅胶固相萃取小柱净化后,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)分析。整个色谱总时间为3.5 min。结果表明,在5、50、500μg/kg(仅配合饲料)和2000μg/kg(仅预混合饲料)的浓度添加水平下,饲料中地克珠利的回收率范围为90.28%～97.16%;日内变异系数范围为9.24%～14.10%,日间变异系数范围为9.73%～14.87%。以3倍信噪比为检测限,10倍信噪比为定量限,得出该方法的检测限为2.0μg/kg,定量限为5.0μg/kg。该方法操作简单,灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合饲料中药物添加剂分析的技术要求,能够满足饲料中地克珠利的含量测定需求。     

热带地区乳酸菌发酵饲料对育肥猪生产性能的影响

试验旨在研究添加不同比例乳酸菌发酵饲料对热带地区75～100 kg育肥猪生产性能的影响。选用体重约75 kg三元杂交(杜×长×大)猪416头,按性别和体重随机分为4组。对照组饲喂常规全价日粮,试验组乳酸菌发酵饲料占干粉料的比例设3个梯度:试验1组20%(以风干物质计,下同),试验2组30%,试验3组50%。结果表明:在平均舍内温度为30.4℃,平均相对湿度为76.2%的条件下,试验1、2、3组的平均日增重分别比对照组提高了1.16%、6.97%和11.63%;平均日采食量分别比对照组提高了1.03%、1.10%和2.66%,试验3组和对照组差异显著(P<0.05);平均料肉比分别比对照组降低了1.29%、6.43%和9.00%;分别比对照组多盈利2、19、29个百分点。在热带地区75～100 kg育肥猪日粮中添加50%的乳酸菌发酵饲料时能最大限度地提高生产性能和收益。     

藏东南河谷型绵羊舍饲和放牧行为的观察

通过对藏东南河谷型绵羊放牧行为的观察发现，全天放牧时间450min，其中游走68min，占15.22%；采食328min，占75.1%，休息36min，占8.35%。对藏东南河谷绵羊舍饲行为观察结果表明，昼夜24h中，采食293.8min，占20.4%；反刍398.0min，占27.6%；站立290.9min，占20.2%，卧息453.6min，占31.5%，饮水4.3min，占0.3%。在放牧条件下，用计数法人三测得绵羊的采食量为2.79kg，在舍饲条件下，日采食量为5.4kg，折算成风干物质分别为0.47和0.92kg，风干物质分别占活重的1.74%和3.41%。     

Effects of compensatory growth on some body component weights and on carcass and noncarcass composition of growing lambs.

A trial was conducted in 1983 and repeated in 1984 to measure effects of restricted feed intake and realimentation on weights of organs and on carcass and noncarcass composition. A total of one hundred six weaned lambs from two breeds (Timahdit and D'man) and a breed cross (Ile de France x D'man) were used in both years. Lambs were allotted to one of six feed intake regimens: HH (ad libitum access to feed from 21 to 30 kg); HM (ad libitum access to feed from 21 to 26 kg then 70% ad libitum to 30 kg); MH (70% ad libitum from 21 to 26 kg then ad libitum to 30 kg); MM (70% ad libitum from 21 to 30 kg); LH (restricted to lose weight from 21 to 17 kg then ad libitum to 30 kg); and LM (restricted to lose weight from 21 to 17 kg then 70% ad libitum to 30 kg). Weights of visceral organs and mesenteric and kidney fat showed dramatic responses to alteration of feed allowances. After recovery from 20% live weight loss, weight of liver equaled or exceeded that of both the ad libitum and 70% refed lambs. Mesenteric and kidney fat did not. Refeeding was accompanied by an increase in water (P less than .05) and a decrease in fat (P less than .01) of both carcass and noncarcass components. These results indicate that weight loss of lambs incurred during feed shortage was largely in internal organ weights, and that these lambs can recover these losses during realimentation and undergo compensatory growth with better feed efficiency and lean carcasses.     

Prevention of aflatoxicosis by addition of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to the diets of growing barrows

Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), an anticaking agent for mixed feed, was added to the diets of growing barrows and was evaluated for its potential to ameliorate the clinical signs of aflatoxicosis. The experimental design consisted of 6 treatments of 5 barrows each at concentrations of 0 g of HSCAS and 0 g of aflatoxin (AF)/kg of feed (control), 5 g of HSCAS/kg of feed (0.5%), 20 g of HSCAS/kg of feed (2.0%), 3 mg of AF/kg of feed, 5 g of HSCAS (0.5%) plus 3 mg of AF/kg of feed, or 20 g of HSCAS (2.0%) plus 3 mg of AF/kg of feed. Barrows were maintained in indoor concrete-floored pens, with feed and water available ad libitum for 28 days (from the age of 7 to 11 weeks). Barrows were observed twice daily and were weighed weekly, and blood samples were obtained weekly for hematologic and serum biochemical measurements. At the termination of the study, barrows were euthanatized and necropsied. Body weight gains were diminished significantly (P less than 0.05) by consumption of 3 mg of AF/kg of feed, whereas body weight gain in barrows consuming diets containing HSCAS or HSCAS plus AF did not differ from that in control barrows. Serum enzymatic activities of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase and prothrombin time were increased in barrows consuming 3 mg of AF/kg of feed, but not in those consuming HSCAS or HSCAS plus AF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)