Comparative sensitivity of immunoassays for haptens using monomeric and dimeric antibody fragments

A single-chain anti-atrazine antibody fragment, scAb (single-chain Fv with a CK domain), was expressed in Escherichia coli, and monomeric and dimeric species were preferentially purified from periplasmic extracts by chromatography upon nickel chelate immunosorbent columns or by immunoaffinity purification using a constant domain (CK) tag. Recombinant monomeric and dimeric antibody fragments, Fab, and intact monoclonal antibodies were compared in assays by competition between free atrazine in solution and (a) immobilized atrazine-bovine serum albumin conjugate (indirect assay) or (b) atrazine-alkaline phosphatase (direct assay). Recombinant antibody fragments provided a lower detection limit than either Fab or intact monoclonal antibody in both assay formats. Monomeric fragments displayed a sensitivity of detection down to 0.1 ppb, compared to 1.0 ppb for dimeric fragments and the parental monoclonal.     

尖孢镰刀菌碳化硅量子点标记及其长时程荧光成像

致病性尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）的荧光标记与活体细胞的长时程荧光成像示踪是研究其侵染机制较为有效的方法之一。采用化学腐蚀法制备出SiC量子点标记材料,研究了化学腐蚀法制备工艺过程,对SiC量子点标记材料的微观结构及光学性能进行检测分析,而后对尖孢镰刀菌进行标记及长时程荧光成像,结果表明,SiC量子点具有良好的生物相容性及光学性能,发射光颜色与其尺寸有内在关联性,腐蚀过程中即可在表面形成多种亲有机物功能团。尖孢镰刀菌生长初期SiC量子点将标记在分生孢子细胞膜处,而后通过内吞作用,进入活体细胞内部并形成稳定标记。进一步研究发现,SiC量子点无细胞毒性,可以实现活体细胞的长时程荧光成像,同时对其标记特征及原理进行了初步分析讨论。这对于尖孢镰刀菌侵染致病过程组织学与细胞学特征研究,揭示其致病机理、发展新型植株枯萎防治方法提供直观依据和理论分析基础。     

模拟冷链温度波动对CdTe量子点荧光淬灭性能的影响

为了探索CdTe量子点在冷链储运过程中的荧光淬灭性能,分别研究了贮藏温度(25、4、-5和-20℃)、温度波动幅度(4℃波动至25℃和40℃)以及波动频率(每30min和60min波动)等因素对其的影响程度.研究结果表明,贮藏温度及时间对量子点荧光淬灭有显著影响(P＜0.05),贮藏温度越高,量子点荧光淬灭速度越快;冷链环境模拟试验发现冷链温度波动幅度越大、波动频率越高,量子点荧光淬灭速度越快,这与食品品质变化特点极其相似;且贮藏温度、温度波动幅度和频率对量子点HSV值有显著影响.研究结论表明,CdTe量子点在食品冷链储运监控方面具有一定的应用潜力.     

碳化硅量子点制备及其活体细胞荧光成像

采用化学腐蚀法制备无细胞毒性的SiC量子点荧光材料,以硝酸及氢氟酸为腐蚀剂,通过超声分散及高速离心处理,获得碳化硅量子点水相溶液,对其微观组织、光学性能进行了检测,而后在出芽短梗霉菌(Aureobasidium pulluans)活体细胞上进行了荧光成像,结果表明,碳化硅量子点呈近球型,直径约为2.5nm,小于体材激子波尔直径(5.4nm),光致发光光谱证明了量子限制效应,激发光波长为320～360nm时,发射光强最大。激发光波长增加时,其Photo Luminescence(PL)峰发生红移,而当量子点直径减小时,会导致发射光蓝移。活体细胞荧光成像研究结果表明,该量子点无细胞毒性,对细胞生长生理机能几乎没有任何影响,可以实现活体细胞长时程的荧光成像。同时对其标记特征及原理进行了分析。     

超临界CO2喷雾干燥制备乙基纤维素微粒的实验研究

为了扩大喷雾干燥技术在生物物料微粒制备方面的应用,在自行设计的实验台上,以超临界CO2为干燥介质进行了乙基纤维素微粒的制备.研究了喷嘴出口直径、气液比、溶液浓度、温度、压力对微粒粒径及其粒径分布的影响.实验结果表明:改变工艺参数,可在较大范围内调控微粒大小,所制微粒平均粒径为1.07～9.84μm;气液出口为8 mm的喷嘴所得微粒粒径比4 mm的要小且分布变窄、粒度均匀;气液比对微粒粒径的影响存在一个粒径最大值;高浓度溶液所得微粒粒径比低浓度溶液大,粒径分布略有变宽;随温度升高,微粒粒径增大,高温时所得微粒的粒径分布比低温时宽;随压力增加,微粒粒径减小,高压时所得微粒的粒径分布比低压时略有变窄.     

Hapten synthesis and development of polyclonal antibody-based multi-sulfonamide immunoassays

This paper reports the synthesis of five sulfonamide derivatives, the production of broad-specificity polyclonal antibodies for immunoassay of sulfonamides, and the analysis of milk samples by developed assay. The three-step synthesis procedure reported in most of the literature was adopted and modified in this study. In the procedure, the purification of the intermediate was avoided and the time of synthesis was shortened from >20 to 6-9 h with improved yields. This method is generally applicable to the synthesis of haptens containing the common structure of sulfonamides. Three haptens were coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and polyclonal antibodies were obtained from rabbits immunized with these conjugates. Using the antibodies obtained, from one of these was developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the competition between free sulfonamides and the hapten-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugates. The hapten-HRP conjugate giving the best competitive results and 11 structurally different sulfonamides showed 50% inhibition at concentrations of <100 ng mL(-1). After removal of the protein with acetone, milk samples were analyzed by ELISA directly; a matrix effect could be avoided when a 1:20 dilution with phosphate-buffered saline was used, and 104-131% recoveries of spiked samples were obtained. The developed immunoassay is suitable to determine sulfisozole, sulfathiazole, sulfameter, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfapyridine, and sulfamethizole below the maximum residue limit in milk (100 ng mL(-1) of total sulfonamides) rapidly and reliably.     

超临界CO2喷雾干燥制备乙基纤维素微粒的实验研究

为了扩大喷雾干燥技术在生物物料微粒制备方面的应用，在自行设计的实验台上，以超临界CO₂为干燥介质进行了乙基纤维素微粒的制备。研究了喷嘴出口直径、气液比、溶液浓度、温度、压力对微粒粒径及其粒径分布的影响。实验结果表明：改变工艺参数，可在较大范围内调控微粒大小，所制微粒平均粒径为1.07～9.84 μm；气液出口为8 mm的喷嘴所得微粒粒径比4 mm的要小且分布变窄、粒度均匀；气液比对微粒粒径的影响存在一个粒径最大值；高浓度溶液所得微粒粒径比低浓度溶液大，粒径分布略有变宽；随温度升高，微粒粒径增大，高温时所得微粒的粒径分布比低温时宽；随压力增加，微粒粒径减小，高压时所得微粒的粒径分布比低压时略有变窄。     

碳点合成及用于检测汞离子的碳点荧光传感器研究进展

汞离子（Hg2+）是出现频率最高、毒性最强的重金属污染物之一,由于具有持久性、易迁移性、易富集性等特点,会严重破坏农作物的生长环境,影响农作物的发育,进一步威胁农产品的质量安全和人类身体健康。传统的Hg2+检测方法存在仪器耗资昂贵、操作要求高等局限。而荧光法操作简便,灵敏度高。其中,荧光探针是影响荧光分析性能的关键因素。碳点（CDs）具有制备简单、荧光效率高、生物相容性好等优点,基于CDs构建的荧光传感器在农业信息感知领域引起了广泛的关注。该研究主要综述了合成CDs的生物质来源及其构建的传感器在农业传感领域的应用,以及基于CDs构建的荧光猝灭型、荧光增强型、比率型荧光传感器在Hg2+检测方面的应用。分析了基于CDs构建的荧光传感器在农业传感领域的瓶颈问题及发展趋势,指出开发便携式设备实现Hg2+或多组分的同时、快速、可视化检测是本领域的发展方向之一。     

基于磁场梯度张量的拉索断丝监测方法

针对目前兴起的拉索损伤磁记忆检测方法易受环境干扰磁场影响的问题,该研究基于磁场梯度张量和磁荷面积分理论研究温室拉索断丝监测方法,推导拉索钢丝的磁场梯度计算公式,提出拉索断丝位置和断丝数量的判定方法,并采用磁场试验进行对比验证。为了验证试验的可重复性,对于每一种测试工况均设定了2组试验。理论计算表明,3个方向的磁感应强度沿拉索长度方向的磁场梯度（Bxz,Byz和Bzz）曲线均在断丝位置（500 mm）出现突变,一束拉索中断丝2根与断丝1根时3个磁场梯度曲线突变处包围的面积的比值的平均值约为2。磁场试验结果表明,断丝位置为496 mm,与实际断丝位置（500mm）的误差为0.8%,通过2次测量,一束拉索中断丝2根与断丝1根时3个磁场梯度曲线突变处包围的面积的比值的平均值约为2。2次测量结果的差别极小,验证了试验的可重复性和可靠性。实际工程中,取3个磁场梯度判断的断丝数量的平均值,可以有效减小三轴磁传感器探头位置带来的误差。该研究为拉索断丝监测提供了理论依据,且有效排除了环境磁场干扰。     

Li-cor仪器太阳辐射测量单位定量变换的应用研究

因研究的角度不同,辐射研究结果有能量、亮度、量子数等方面的量纲,实践中不同单位之间换算很有必要。该文研究了太阳辐射测定中几个单位的定量变换方法,得出了相应的变换系数;并实测了植物冠层上和冠层内太阳辐射,并对单位变换系数进行了检验,结果表明：在冠层上,单位变换差异晴天仅为7%,阴天为2%,处在仪器测定辐射的相对误差范围内;在植物冠层内,线状辐射仪和辐照度仪同时采样,以线状辐射仪测得结果为基准,相同时刻辐照度仪测得结果经换算成辐射量子流密度单位后,与线状辐射仪对比差异全天平均达25%,远大于冠层上;光斑作用使LI－200辐照度仪在群体内测光产生较大误差。除中午辐射最大值,光斑最多时段以外,线状传感器能消除光斑的影响。     

Sandwich immunoassays for the determination of peanut and hazelnut traces in foods

People suffering from food allergies are dependent on accurate food labeling, as an avoidance diet is the only effective countermeasure. Even a small amount of allergenic protein can trigger severe reactions in highly sensitized patients. Therefore, sensitive and reliable tests are needed to detect potential cross-contamination. In this paper two fast sandwich immunoassays are described for the determination of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and hazelnut (Corylus avellana) traces in complex food matrices. Mouse monoclonal antibodies were used as capture antibodies, and labeled rabbit polyclonal antibodies were used as detection antibodies in both assays. The assay time was 30 min in total, and cross-reactivities against a variety of fruits and seeds were found to be in the low 10(-4)% (ppm) level or in some cases not detectable. The recoveries in all tested food matrices ranged from 86 to 127%, and the limits of detection were in the range of 0.2-1.2 mg/kg (ppm) in food for both peanut and hazelnut, respectively.     

Development of immunoassays for tyramine and tryptamine toxins of Phalaris aquatica L

The leaves of the perennial pasture grass Phalaris aquatica L. (phalaris) contain two groups of known toxins, indole alkaloids, primarily dimethyltryptamines and N-methyltyramines, which cause illnesses in grazing animals, especially sheep. Using amino-reactive and phenolic hydroxyl-reactive homobifunctional reagents, simple methods were devised for coupling toxins representative of those in phalaris to carrier proteins and enzymes for ELISA development. ELISAs were produced for both groups of toxins. Dimethyltryptamines were most sensitively detected [lower limit of detection (LLD) of 1 microg/L for bufotenine] using rabbit anti-bufotenine antibodies, coupled to ovalbumin using divinyl sulfone, with detection using a peroxidase conjugate prepared using the same hapten coupled with 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether. The assay cross-reacted with other toxins of the same class (N,N-dimethyltryptamine and N, N-dimethyl-5-methoxytryptamine) but not with the structurally related amino acids histidine and tryptophan. The most sensitive N-methyltyramine assay (LLD of 1 microg/mL for N-methyltyramine) utilized antisera to tyramine with N-methyltyramine coupled to peroxidase. Significant cross-reaction was seen with the low-grade toxin hordenine, but detection of tyramine was poorer, whereas the amino acid tyrosine was not detected. These assays could be applied to the analysis of simple extracts of Phalaris leaves with minimal interference. A good correspondence was observed between toxin levels by ELISA and estimates from a more tedious thin-layer chromatography method. The method has now been incorporated in a Phalaris breeding program.     

超临界流体制备超细粉体及纳米胶囊技术研究进展

超临界流体制备微细颗粒和纳米胶囊技术是近10年才发展起来的新技术.该文对超临界流体快速膨胀技术、超临界流体抗溶剂结晶技术和超临界流体包覆技术的概念和原理进行了简要的介绍,并综述了该项技术在食品、生物和医药领域的国内外研究现状和主要成果.     

The development of immunoassays to identify and quantify species source of gum arabic

Gum arabic from Acacia senegal is commonly used as an additive in foodstuffs. Adulteration of gum arabic by other gums is a potential problem for reasons of safety and quality. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detection of potential adulterants of gum arabic. Indirect competitive ELISAs (IC-ELISAs) were developed using the monoclonal antibodies SY CC7 (A. senegal), SY HH3 (Acacia seyal), and SY J1A1 (Combretum erythrophyllum). All IC-ELISAs had a working range of 0.005-10 mg/mL. The antibodies used were tested using the IC-ELISAs for cross-reactivity with other Acacia species and other gums. The antibodies were very specific for their respective antigens. Significant cross-reactivity was found for SY CC7 (between A. senegal and A. melliferae) and SY J1A1 (between C. erythrophyllum and A. seyal). The IC-ELISA was adapted further to test confectionery samples for the presence of gum arabic, which was successful, although recovery rates were reduced. Both IC- and plate trapped antigen ELISA (PTA-ELISA) formats were able to distinguish an adulterated sample of gum arabic when blended with either A. seyal or C. erythrophyllum. The PTA-ELISA was more sensitive for A. seyal than the IC-ELISA, but both were equally sensitive for C. erythrophyllum. The results suggest that the antibodies SY CC7, SY HH3, and SY J1A1 could be used in combination with each other for the detection of potential adulterants of A. senegal and the detection of gum arabic in foodstuffs.     

基于无人机多光谱的大豆旗叶光合作用量子产量反演方法

大豆旗叶的量子产量（Quantum Yield,QY）对于评估光合效率非常重要,利用无人机多光谱数据对QY值进行高通量反演,能够无损、高效的监测光合作用过程中的生理化学变化。该研究的目的是探究植被指数与QY值相关性,并基于高相关性的植被指数反演QY值,同时分析了多植被指数与单植被指数构建反演模型的准确性。结果表明,与传统反演算法支持向量回归（Support Vector Regression,SVR）相比,基于集成学习的自适应提升（Adaptive Boost,AdaBoost）算法提高了模型的准确性,测试集决定系数（coefficient of determination,R2）为0.982,均方根误差（Root Mean Square Error, RMSE）为0.089,相对分析误差（Residual Predictive Deviation,RPD）为7.29。研究表明基于多植被指数、利用AdaBoost算法可以构建更为有效的无人机多光谱大豆光合有效量子产量反演模型,为评估高通量光合效率提供了一种先进的方法。     

Measurement of triclosan in water using a magnetic particle enzyme immunoassay

A sensitive magnetic particle-based immunoassay to determine triclosan [5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol] in drinking water and wastewater was developed. Rabbit antiserum was produced by immunizing the rabbit with 6-[5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]hexanoic acid-keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Horseradish peroxidase was conjugated with 4-[3-bromo-4-(2,4-dibromophenoxy)phenoxy]butyric acid via N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC). The triclosan antibody was coupled to magnetic particles via the NHS/EDC reaction. The antibodies were able to recognize some structurally related polybrominated biphenyl ethers but did not recognize various common pollutants that were less similar to the hapten. The ELISA could detect triclosan in standard solution (25% methanol/H2O v/v) at 20 ppt and its metabolite, methyl-triclosan, at 15 ppt. Water samples from different treatment stages were prepared to contain 25% methanol and analyzed directly without any sample extraction or preconcentration. The results showed that recoveries were >80% and the % CV was <10%, demonstrating the assay was both accurate and precise. Application of the triclosan ELISA to water treatment plants showed that tap water at various purification stages had low concentrations of triclosan (<20 ppt) and required an increased sample size for appropriate detection and measurement. Application of ELISA to the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) demonstrated high concentrations of triclosan (in general, >3000 ppt in water entering the WWTP) with the levels decreasing as the water proceeded through the processing plant (<500 ppt at outflow sewage). The ELISA measurement was shown to be equivalent to the more specific GC-MS analysis on a number of wastewater treatment samples with a high degree of correlation, with the exception of a few samples with very high triclosan concentrations (>5000 ppt). Measurement of methyl-triclosan (in WWTP) using GC-MS demonstrated the levels of this compound to be low. In summary, a rapid, sensitive, accurate, and precise magnetic particle-based immunoassay has been developed for triclosan analysis, which can serve as a cost-effective monitoring tool for various water samples.     

褪黑素壳聚糖微粒防止褪黑素降解并有效提高其抗旱功能

  【目的】  褪黑素可提高作物抗旱性,但容易降解。本研究试图开发具有缓释和抵御光降解能力的褪黑素壳聚糖微粒,并对其抗旱性进行评价。  【方法】  利用壳聚糖与三聚磷酸钠和果胶所产生的静电引力,使三者之间产生交联形成包裹褪黑素的杂化微粒,从而实现褪黑素的缓释和保活。确定投入褪黑素质量为5 mg时制备的褪黑素壳聚糖微粒作为试验材料(MP-MT)。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),对褪黑素壳聚糖微粒(MP-MT)表面形貌及官能团特性进行表征。采用超高效液相色谱技术,探究MP-MT对褪黑素的缓释性能和抵抗光降解的性能。以两叶一心的小麦幼苗为试材,进行灌根试验。将基质最大持水量的80%设为正常对照(CK1),基质最大持水量的40%设为干旱对照(CK2);在干旱胁迫下,设施用1.0 g/L褪黑素(MT1.0)、壳聚糖微粒(MP)和含褪黑素0.5、1.0、1.5 g/L的褪黑素壳聚糖微粒(MP-MT0.5、MP-MT1.0、MP-MT1.5),共7个处理。在处理后第8天,取样分析小麦幼苗株高、干重、鲜重、叶片SPAD值、根系生长、抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量。  【结果】  当褪黑素投入量为5 mg时MP-MT对褪黑素的包封率最稳定,为52.14%,之后的相关试验均以该比例制备的褪黑素壳聚糖微粒(MP-MT)作为试验材料。通过SEM照片发现,MP-MT微粒粒径相较于壳聚糖微粒增加且表面变粗糙。MP-MT微粒FTIR结果同时检测出现了壳聚糖、褪黑素等组分的特征峰,表明褪黑素在微粒中存在。模拟释放试验结果表明,MP-MT在pH 5.0和pH 7.0磷酸缓冲溶液下36 h的释放率分别为65.43%、50.13%。模拟光降解试验表明,可见光照射4 h时MP-MT中褪黑素的光降解率较普通MT降低了143.37%。小麦幼苗干旱胁迫试验结果表明,与MT1.0处理相比,3个MP-MT处理的小麦幼苗干重增加4.50%～22.73%,根系长度增加15.92%～32.56%,过氧化酶活性提高19.56%～20.34%,丙二醛含量降低9.77%～12.30% (P<0.05)。  【结论】  壳聚糖/三聚磷酸钠/果胶的褪黑素封装体系可以实现褪黑素的缓释和保活,显著提高干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗SPAD值,促进根系发育,提高抗氧化酶活性,从而提高小麦幼苗抗旱性。     

基于低场核磁和差示量热扫描的面条面团水分状态研究

为了解低水分面条面团中水分的存在状态,明确真空度及和面时间对水分状态的影响,该研究以3个小麦品种（济麦20、宁春4号、济麦22）磨制的面粉为材料,采用真空和面制作低水分面条面团（含水率35%）,采用低场核磁共振技术（LF-NMR,low-field nuclear magnetic resonance）和差示量热扫描（DSC,differential scanning calorimetry）2种技术,测定不同真空度（0、0.06、0.09 MPa）和搅拌时间（4、8、12 min）下面团中水分的形态和分布,并进一步分析2种技术测定水分形态结果的相关性。结果表明,在低水分面条面团中,水分主要以弱结合水形态存在。不同品种的小麦粉面团的水分形态及分布存在差异,强筋小麦粉（济麦20）制作面团的水分自由度较低。真空和面（0.06 MPa）可以促进水分与面筋蛋白的相互作用,降低面团中水分子流动性,促进水分结构化;而非真空或过高真空度均会导致面团中水分自由度增加。济麦20、济麦22小麦粉和面时间为8 min时,面团水分流动性较低;而宁春4号小麦粉面团在4 min时,水分自由度较低;继续搅拌,深层结合水减少、弱结合水增多。LF-NMR和DSC测得面团水分状态的结果具有一致性。LF-NMR测得的弱结合水峰面积百分比与DSC测得的可冻结水百分比具有相同的变化趋势（r=0.695）,且深层结合水峰面积百分比与非冻结水百分比具有相同的变化趋势（r=0.564）。研究结果为认识制面过程中水分的作用,优化和面工艺和调整产品特性提供参考。     

Cooking effects on water distribution in potatoes using nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation

Continuous low-field (LF) (1)H NMR relaxometry was used to monitor the structural changes during cooking of potatoes with two different dry matter (DM) contents. A principal component analysis of the relaxation decay curves revealed major events related to water mobility during cooking, which occur at 53 and 60 degrees C for potatoes with medium and low DM contents, respectively. Exponential analysis of the relaxation decays reveals two major water populations in the potato: a slow-relaxing (assigned to water in cytoplasm and extracellular cavities) water component, T(22) ( approximately 350-550 ms), and a fast-relaxing component (primarily assigned to water associated with starch and cell walls), T(21) ( approximately 45-65 ms). Significant DM dependent shifts in both the T(21) and T(22) relaxation time constants were observed during cooking, indicating that starch gelatinizes between 53 and 70 degrees C with water exchanging with the hydroxyls of starch (transition in T(21)) and cells start to disrupt with an increase in diffusion volumes at approximately 60 degrees C (transition in T(22)). The study reveals that continuous LF NMR measurement is an excellent and highly sensitive method to study changes in water mobility and water populations during the cooking of potatoes.     

磁性玉米秸秆生物炭对水体中Cd的去除作用及回收利用

以农田生态系统废弃农作物秸秆资源化利用为前提,以生物炭去除水体重金属镉(Cd)污染及其回收利用为目的,该文以500℃裂解的原始玉米秸秆生物炭(MSB,maize straw biochar)和磁性玉米秸秆生物炭(MMSB,magnetic maize straw biochar)试验材料,在2种生物炭的表面性状进行表征的基础上,探究了不同吸附条件下生物炭对污染水体中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附去除作用及其回收利用的可能性。结果表明:MSB和MMSB对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量在pH值为5时达到最大,其最大吸附量分别为27.52和33.45 mg/g;当MSB和MMSB添加量为1.4和0.8 g/L时,对Cd(Ⅱ)的去除率分别可达85.15%和95.48%;Langmuir方程能更好地模拟等温吸附行为,MSB和MMSB达到平衡时的最大吸附容量分别为26.03和43.45 mg/g,趋近实际值;动力学数据与二级动力学方程拟合度更高,MSB和MMSB的平衡吸附量Qe理论值分别为13.42和24.31 mg/g;MMSB对其表面吸附Cd(Ⅱ)的解吸率均显著低于MSB。磁性生物炭对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附效率和固着能力增强可能与其较高的pH值、更大的比表面积、更多的极性含氧官能团有关。此外,在外部存在磁场的情况下,磁性生物炭可以通过磁力作用加以回收再利用。研究成果对促进农业废弃物的资源化利用以及水体环境中重金属净化技术的进步均有重要意义。