试论提高母猪生产性能

<正> 自本世纪40年代以来,育种家们通过选育和杂交手段,化费了半个世纪的时间,将脂肪型猪过渡到脂肉兼用型猪,再过渡到瘦肉型猪。由于前些时过分追求胴体瘦肉率的提高,忽视了繁殖性状,因而出现产仔数日益下     

椒江市母猪生产性能调查

母猪是养猪业的基础,仔猪是商品猪的资源,母猪生产性能高低直接影响着养猪业自然再生产与经济再生产的速度和宏观决策。为此,于1989年7、8月份开展母猪生产性能的调查,结合1988年面上统计材料,进行综合分析,基本上掌握了现状和薄弱环节,为选定养猪生产的科技投入重点提供了科学依据。产仔数据:据323胎的种母猪统计产仔数为11.6±3.25头,各品种、各胎次间产仔数差异不显著,具体见表一。成活数据:321胎自然出栏的仔猪统计成     

三元母猪繁殖性能及其后代生产性能的分析研究

受非洲猪瘟疫情影响,我国母猪存栏量急剧下降,三元母猪留种成为许多猪场提高经济效益的首选,为了解山西本地三元母猪的繁殖性能及其后代的生产性能,本研究对大同同铁生活服务中心有限公司大南养殖基地所养殖的自繁自养二元母猪和三元母猪的繁殖性能进行了跟踪调查统计,同时对三元母猪所产后代的生产性能进行测定统计,并对其结果进行方差分析...     

再论提高母猪生产性能的途径

再论提高母猪生产性能的途径张华，张巴克近２０年，英、美、法、日等国在世界著名的瘦肉型品种大型约克夏、长白、杜洛克和汉普夏母猪的年繁胎数２．２窝，育成仔猪１４头左右，双月窝重１５０～１６０ｋｇ的基础上，再引入我国太湖猪进行导入杂交，在日粮全价营养条件下...     

丹系杜洛克母猪的生产性能分析

母猪的断奶至配种间隔的时间是一个繁殖周期的组成部分 ,它的长短不但制约着母猪的年产胎数 ,而且对下一窝的产仔数也有影响。本文通过母猪断奶至配种间隔时间与下一窝的产仔数、产活仔数及与母猪胎龄、产仔季节之关系统计分析 ,阐明提高母猪生产水平应注意的几个问题。1　资料来源山东省农科院畜牧所山东省良种猪技术研究中心原种猪场 2 0 0 0年丹系杜洛克母猪的配种与产仔记录共 90胎 ,母猪哺乳期 35ｄ,统计母猪胎龄、断奶时间、下一产的配种记录、产仔数、产活仔数进行分析。2　统计结果90胎丹系杜洛克母猪的断奶至配种间隔的平均时间为 …     

提高母猪生产性能的关键措施

母猪的生产性能是衡量养殖场经济效益的一个重要指标。该文从后备母猪的选择和管理、配种管理、母猪妊娠早期的饲养管理、母猪妊娠后期管理、防疫工作及低生产性能母猪的淘汰、加强晚期妊娠管理、防控母猪繁殖障碍性疾病等几个方面阐述了提高母猪生产性能的关键措施。     

应用叶酸改善母猪的生产性能

通过对各种动物的叶酸营养需要及其利用特点的综合分析，重点讨论了叶酸对母猪繁殖性能的营养作用及其机制，从而进一步阐述了叶酸对改善母猪生产性能的意义。     

提高母猪生产性能的技术措施

由于前几年仔猪市场价格低,母猪饲养管理难度大于育肥猪,导致繁殖的母猪数量逐渐减少。但近年来随着猪肉的不断上涨,养猪户的积极性也逐步提升,母猪的数量也正逐渐增加。但在生产中,大多数母猪的生产性能不高,导致仔猪的性能恶化。因此,提高母猪生产性能是当前养殖过程中不容忽视的问题。     

某猪场母猪繁殖性能预测和logistic回归分析

为了衡量猪场生产效率，研究根据某公司7个分场繁殖母猪2016—2019年的生产记录，运用时间序列分析预测母猪繁殖性能的未来短期趋势，发现母猪未来一段时间的生产性能不会出现较大变动，与实际值较吻合，说明时间序列对母猪繁殖性能方面的预测，有较强的实用价值；再通过建立logistic回归模型，进行模型分析以寻找影响母猪繁殖性能的关键因素，进一步确定胎次是影响母猪繁殖性能重要因素。并且该模型还可用于其他生产指标的因素分析，可以为提高母猪群繁殖性能提供科学依据。     

Dietary fiber and microbiota interaction regulates sow metabolism and reproductive performance

Dietary fiber is a critical nutrient in sow diet and has attracted interest of animal nutritionists for many years. In addition to increase sows’ satiety, dietary fiber has been found to involve in the regulation of multiple biological functions in the sow production. The interaction of dietary fiber and gut microbes can produce bioactive metabolites, which are of great significance to sows'' metabolism and reproductive performance. This article reviewed the interaction between dietary fiber and gut microbes in regulating sows'' gut microbial diversity, intestinal immune system, lactation, and production performance, with the aim to provide a new strategy for the use of dietary fiber in sow diets.     

对提高母猪繁殖能力的中草药添加剂研究

本文在研究中草药药理作用的基础上,结合母猪及仔猪的生长发育规律、气候变化特征及疾病的季节性流行特点,通过反复试验分析,优选出适用于春、夏、秋、冬应用的母猪中草药系列添加剂配方。试验表明,中草药系列添加剂既能显著提高母猪的繁殖能力,又能有效预防季节性流行性病的发生。     

胎次、配种季节对大约克母猪繁殖性能的影响

为研究胎次、配种季节对大约克母猪繁殖性能的影响,运用SPSS 16.0软件对753窝大约克纯种母猪的产仔数、出生窝重和断奶窝重等进行比较分析。结果表明：产总仔数第8胎最高（15.25头）,与第1胎差异显著（P＜0.05）,总的呈现随胎次增加而上升的趋势。大约克母猪春季和冬季配种产总仔数与秋季差异显著（P＜0.05）;冬季配种母猪的出生窝重、断奶均重、断奶窝重均高于其他三季。     

Dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis PB6 improves sow reproductive performance and reduces piglet birth intervals

We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis PB6 (B. subtilis PB6) during late gestation and lactation on sow reproductive performance, antioxidant indices, and gut microbiota. A total of 32 healthy Landrace × Yorkshire sows on d 90 of gestation were randomly assigned to 2 groups, with 16 replicates per group, receiving basal diet (CON) or the basal diet + 0.2% B. subtilis PB6, containing 4.0 × 10⁸ CFU/kg of feed (BS). The litter sizes (total born) and numbers of piglets born alive were larger in the BS group (P < 0.01), whereas the weights of piglets born alive and the piglet birth intervals were lower in the BS group (P < 0.05). Although the litter weights and piglet bodyweights (after cross-fostering) were lower after BS treatment (P < 0.05), the litter sizes, litter weights, lactation survival rate, and litter weight gains at weaning were higher in BS group (P < 0.05). The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the sow sera at parturition were lower in the BS group (P < 0.01). The serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) at parturition and the serum catalase (CAT) concentrations on d 21 of lactation were higher in the BS group (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with B. subtilis PB6 (P < 0.05) reduced the serum endotoxin concentrations in the sows and the serum cortisol concentrations of the piglets at d 14 of lactation. The α-diversity indices of microbial were higher in the CON group (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, B. subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundances of Gemmatimonadete and Acidobacteria (both P < 0.01) and reduced those of Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria (both P < 0.05). At the genus level, B. subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013 cc (P < 0.05) and reduced that of Streptococcus (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that adding 4.0 × 10⁸ CFU/kg B. subtilis PB6 to sows’ feed during late gestation and lactation could shorten piglet birth intervals, enhance the growth performance of suckling piglets, and improve the gut health of sows during late gestation.     

催产素在输精时不同处理方法对母猪繁殖性能的影响

选用健康状况良好的二元杂母猪 (长大或大长 ) 196头 ,随机分为 3组 ,试验Ⅰ组 68头 ,Ⅱ组 69头 ,Ⅲ组 5 9头。试验Ⅰ组采用 3次人工授精 ,于母猪出现“静立反射”后 8～ 12h ,用2 0IU催产素一次肌注 ,3～ 5min后实施第 1次人工授精 (AI) ,随后相继间隔 8～ 12h进行第 2和第 3次人工授精 ;试验Ⅱ组采用两次人工授精 ,催产素的使用同于试验Ⅰ组 ,间隔 12～ 2 4h进行两次人工授精 ;试验Ⅲ组采用两次人工授精 ,不作催产素的肌注 ,仅在配种前将 2 0IU催产素直接添加于精液中 ,相隔 12～ 2 4h进行两次人工授精。结果表明 :试验Ⅱ组母猪的繁殖性能最好 ,经显著性t检验 ,各组间的配种分娩率和胎均产活仔数差异均不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。试验表明两次人工授精结合催产素的应用在生产中值得推广 ,减少一次配种降低了对母猪的应激 ,减少了精液的费用 ,可以产生较好的经济效益     

Review of mathematical models for sow herd management

This paper is a survey of the different sow models described in literature, which made use of different mathematical methodologies, and were intended for sow herd management. Models were discussed under a wide classification, that is, simulation and optimisation. The latter included linear programming and dynamic programming with Markov decision models and optimal control as major representative models. In a first stage we recalled general traits and modelling foundations of herd management models and later, different aspects of sow herd models published up to now were reviewed. Special attention is paid to main variables, source of parameters, validation, output and intended use. Most of such models have been developed as research tools and teaching aids. Actually, the increasing ability to represent complex systems is not corresponded with an augmentation of decision support tools including such complex models in field conditions. Thus, a need of new proposals dealing with transient situations and non-time homogeneous parameters was detected. The inclusion of variability-risk features and multicriteria decision methods was also of interest for practical purposes. Actual changes in the pig sector lead to expect new management herd models, in particular considering more than one herd at a time.     

日粮中不同能量水平对母猪繁殖性能的影响

试验选用30头配种日期、系谱、日龄、体重接近的健康长大经产母猪,平均胎次为3～5胎,按单因子试验设计随机分为3组,每组10头,即高能量组(试验1组)、低能量组(试验2组)和对照组(原用日粮)。研究妊娠和哺乳28d3个不同能量水平的日粮对母猪繁殖性能的影响。本试验的结果表明:当妊娠日粮能量水平为:DE12.4～14.00MJ/kg;哺乳日粮能量水平为:DE12.61～14.07MJ/kg,母猪的繁殖性能较好,可达到窝产仔11.5～12.67头,活仔10.25～10.89头,断奶个体重8.37～8.57kg。     

维生素及类维生素对母猪繁殖性能的影响

当前非洲猪瘟给我国养猪业造成很大的损失,繁殖母猪的存栏量急剧减少,造成猪肉供需平衡失调。那么,如何提高母猪的繁殖性能,提供更多的商品猪,成为养殖场管理者关注的焦点。文章就提高母猪繁殖性能的关键环节和维生素及类维生素对母猪繁殖性能影响进行综述。     

营养调控对母猪繁殖性能的影响

为了探讨母猪妊娠早期日粮中添加一定量的甲基吡啶铬、叶酸、维生素E和维生素A对母猪窝产仔数、初生重、仔猪成活率的影响,选用日龄、体况基本一致的长大二元母猪共计56头进行试验。结果表明,在母猪妊娠早期的日粮中添加甲基吡啶铬、叶酸、维生素E、维生素A可显著提高母猪窝产仔数,提高比例平均为29.2%,其中对后备母猪提高比例更大。