常见黑猪品种

正黑猪肉是这几年在猪肉市场上比较受欢迎的一种肉类,和普通猪肉相比,黑猪肉有很大的不同。黑猪的种类很多,比较常见的黑猪品种主要有太湖母猪、东北民猪、八眉猪等。莱芜黑猪莱芜黑猪是目前猪肉市场上颇具特色的猪肉品种,是被联合国粮农组织认可的猪种。其肉质鲜嫩,繁殖能力强,是优质养殖品种。在我国,其养殖技术非常成熟。     

鲁莱黑猪的种质特性和遗传多样性

莱芜猪是国内知名的地方猪品种,隶属于黄淮海黑猪类群。鲁莱黑猪是莱芜猪与大约克夏猪通过杂交培育而成的地方黑猪新品种。新品种具备高繁殖性、耐粗饲、瘦肉率高、肌内脂肪含量高、肉质好等种质特性。鲁莱黑猪作为杂交母本与长白猪、杜洛克猪等杂交后,其后代生长速度快、瘦肉率高、肉质好,是生产高端猪肉的优良品种。鲁莱黑猪在2005年通过国家畜禽品种审定,2006年获原农业部鲁莱黑猪新品种证书。     

岔路黑猪选育及其杂交利用

岔路黑猪是浙江省的地方猪种之一,繁殖率极高、适应性强且猪肉的肉质很鲜嫩,该品种猪在宁波地区深受消费者的欢迎,并且已有大约300年的历史。随着工业化、城镇化的加快推进,农业种养方式转变及气候生态环境的变化,该品种处于濒危和濒临灭绝状态,保护形势异常严峻。而通过优良的选育,岔路黑猪的产仔数越来越多、肥育猪的增重量也越来越大,杂交的优势明显。然而,岔路黑猪具有个体差异大、瘦肉率低、成长速度较慢等特点。     

鲁莱黑猪

获奖产品介绍鲁莱黑猪是利用我国优良地方品种莱芜猪与国外大约克夏猪通过杂交培育所得的生产优质肉猪的专门化母本新品种。     

撒坝猪在瘦肉型黑猪新品种培育上的应用研究

随着国家解决卡脖子工程和“种业振兴”战略及云南省委省政府打造世界一流绿色食品牌和发展高原特色农业发展战略的落实，云南地处高原、紫外线强，与平原地区相比生猪饲养条件相对粗放。国家近些年引进的外国品种猪在云贵高原饲养过程中普遍存在皮肤被紫外线灼伤引发蚧螨和皮肤病，当地肉质含雪花肉高、适应性强、具有抗紫外线和蚊虫叮咬特性的地方黑猪品种又存在生长速度慢、体型小、肥肉多的问题。随着人们对特色优质黑猪肉需求的增加，市场对大体型、瘦肉型黑猪新品种需求迫切。用生长速度快、瘦肉多的外国猪品种和耐粗饲、抗病力强的云南地方黑猪品种进行杂交，得到的杂交猪品种后代既保留了外国品种猪大体型、瘦肉多的特点，又保留了云南地方猪品种含雪花肉高、适应性强、具有抗紫外线和蚊虫叮咬的特性。如现在云南省的“云岭牛”就是通过利用外国引进的西门达尔牛等品种与云南当地的黄牛品种杂交培育而成的。     

大蒜在莱芜猪等地方畜禽良种生产中的应用技术及效果

以莱芜黑猪为首的"三黑一花"特色畜禽种质资源是优良地方品种和培育品种,深具开发潜力。得天独厚的莱芜特色农副产品"三辣一麻"中的莱芜白皮蒜具有极高的营养价值、药用价值,在莱芜特色畜牧业养殖生产中被广泛应用,效果显著。     

用科技支撑产业发展 用质量打造特色品牌

正莱芜黑猪是我国著名的地方品种,具有鲜明的肉质、繁殖和抗逆性等性能,具有很高的社会经济价值。几十年来通过科研与项目的连续支持支撑,莱芜猪已成为我国最优良的种猪资源,已成为我国猪育种和优质猪肉生产的首选种质材料,已成为我国地方猪种的知名品牌,实现了有效保纯、创新利用和产业开发。为探索高档特色品牌猪肉的生产开发,组建"产业开发中心",指导成立莱芜金三黑食品有限公司,注册"莱     

鲁莱黑猪培育及推广

<正>鲁莱黑猪品种育成是莱芜市畜牧兽医局利用我国优良地方品种莱芜猪与国外生长性能高、繁殖性能也较好的大约克夏猪通过杂交建系、横交固定、定向培育而成。育种素材为莱芜猪和大约克夏。经过国家"七五"、"八五"期间等课题选育,莱芜猪核心群已达150头,生产群8 000头规模,母本莱芜猪就是从这150头核心群中选择具备繁殖性高、哺乳力强、耐粗抗病的优秀个体。     

莱芜猪种质资源的保护利用研究与开发

改革开放30多年,通过制定正确的发展方案和保种选育技术路线,对莱芜猪进行了9个世代的保纯选育;同步对莱芜猪的肉质、繁殖、营养需求、生长发育和杂交配合力进行了深入研究。并利用莱芜猪创新性地培育出了鲁莱黑猪、鲁农I号猪配套系、欧得莱猪配套系、莱芜猪合成系、大莱、汉大莱、杜长大莱优秀瘦肉型猪等新种质;在保种、研究、利用的同时,对其培育的新种质进行了社会性的推广、示范及产业开发,取得了巨大的社会经济效益。莱芜猪已成为全国许多地区、单位生产与育种的首选种质材料,是生产优质特色品牌猪肉最优良的种质资源。     

鲁莱黑猪培育及推广

鲁莱黑猪品种育成是莱芜市畜牧兽医局利用我国优良地方品种莱芜猪与国外生长性能高、繁殖性能也较好的大约克夏猪通过杂交建系、横交固定、定向培育而成。育种素材为莱芜猪和大约克夏。经过国家“七五”、“八五”期间等课题选育,莱芜猪核心群已达150头,     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.