西安市发展农业生态旅游的思考与建议

近年来,随着旅游产业的快速发展,西安的农业生态旅游得到了快速发展。但是在发展过程中也遇到了不少问题,农业资源开发力度不够、发展生态旅游观念落后、模式单一等问题严重阻碍了农业生态旅游业的发展。因此,探讨西安地区发展农业生态旅游存在的问题,并根据这些问题找到相应的对策,对促进西安农业生态旅游行业的发展具有重要意义。      

农业文化遗产地生态旅游开发的SWOT分析——以新疆农业文化遗产为例

作为一种理性的可持续发展的旅游模式,生态旅游对农业文化遗产的保护与开发具有重要作用。本文旨在研究,通过对农业文化遗产地生态旅游进行优势、劣势、机遇与挑战的SWOT分析,以期促进农业文化遗产更好的保护与发展。运用个案分析的方法,以新疆农业文化遗产为例,对新疆农业文化遗产进行生态旅游开发的SWOT分析,分析了政策和资源优势,区位和经济劣势,生态旅游风尚和现实需要的机遇,生态环境脆弱性和市场竞争激烈的挑战。在此基础上得出研究结论,提出农业文化遗产地生态旅游开发的优化路径,即发挥优势,弥补劣势,抓住机遇,迎接挑战,促进农业文化遗产的生态旅游开发。     

北京都市农业生态旅游文化创意产业融合的路径选择

21世纪生态资本是最昂贵的资本。拥有了生态资本,就拥有了最雄厚的经济实力,就能在可持续发展进程中立于不败之地。都市农业、生态旅游和文化创意产业融合（简称三大产业融合,下同）,即指在经济全球化和高新技术迅速发展、大城市消费市场迅速升级的条件下,在追求效益最大化和提升企业竞争力的驱动下,与都市农业相互关联的生态旅游、文化创意产业相互融合的一种产业发展新模式。都市农业、生态旅游和文化创意产业融合,是大城市都市农业发展的必然趋势,是都市型现代农业优化升级的必由之路。     

武汉都市农业的建设与发展

从都市农业的多功能性启示及现状出发,阐述了武汉都市农业所取得的成果及存在的阻碍因素;通过吸收国内外都市农业园区发展的经验,采用理论与实际相结合的方法,探讨了武汉都市农业的建设发展思路;提出了多部门协调建立农业财政投入体系、强化产业运营模式4环节、落实土地流转规范化、注重科学技术的输入与输出、加快农业生态旅游板块步伐等措施,来加快区域农业经济的发展,以打破城乡二元结构,推进城乡一体化进程,构建和谐社会.     

推进农业信息化进程,促进中国农业跨越式发展

农业信息化正成为一种世界趋势和潮流。中国农业要面对国际竞争,要为中国发展做更大的贡献,就必须坚定不移地走农业信息化的道路。文章总结了我国农业信息化发展的现状,分析了我国农业信息化发展中存在的障碍,并有针对性地提出了,推进我国农业信息化进程,促进农业的跨越式发展的对策。     

节约型农机化生产体系的研究

农业机械化是农业现代化和农村经济发展的重要标志,是实现农业产业化、加快农业科技进步的重要措施.为此,通过对国内外农机化生产体系的阐述,分析了我国农业机械化发展现状和存在的主要问题.机械化农业生产是一种高投入、高产出的资源型、集约型生产,它能极大地提高劳动生产率和土地产出率,为改善农民的生活做出了重大贡献.     

发展农业生态旅游的思考与建议

农业生态旅游是生态农业与旅游业相融合的产物。它源于农业、建在农村、惠及农民,服务“三农”。它是集生产、生活和生态于一体,横跨一二三产业,利于农业增效、农民增收和农村繁荣,是现代农业的重要组成部分。从其涵义特征、重要意义、生态环保、存在问题和建议等方面综合阐述。      

基于高科技农业发展背景下的农业科技博览园

随着生态旅游和高科技农业的发展,农业博览园逐渐成为休闲农业发展的新亮点.农业博览园既可以普及高新农业科技知识,又能集休闲、娱乐、传承传统文化于一体.既能发展高科技农业,实现传统农业产业的转型升级,又能满足现代人对于健康、绿色休闲空间的需求.但是,面对建设农业博览园成为游览潮流的大趋势,许多已建成的农业博览园缺少地域特征...     

北京市设施农业节水现状与问题分析

设施农业作为北京都市型现代农业发展的一种重要形式,近年来得到了快速发展.水资源的严重短缺给设施农业的快速发展带来了严峻的挑战.介绍了北京市设施农业及其节水现状、设施农水节水存在的问题,在此基础上,进一步分析了节水农业今后发展的趋势.     

现代物理农业工程的创新与发展

现代物理农业工程是一种新型的农业生产模式,是传统农业的升级,代表着我国农业未来的发展趋势。阐述了现代物理农业工程的概念、内涵及学科发展,介绍了现代物理农业工程主要技术的研究进展,分析了存在的问题,并指出了现代物理农业工程未来的发展方向。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。