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通过对樟子松原木楞堆进行室外燃烧试验,研究楞堆燃烧时的温度场特性,分析原木楞堆体积和风速对环境温度场变化的影响。试验结果表明,在燃烧过程中,楞堆温度可达900℃;对于环境温度场来说,在所有研究平面与楞堆距离相等的情况下,与风流动方向垂直的平面温度变化最大。较大的楞堆体积和较快的风速会加速楞堆的燃烧速度,从而使周围环境温度上升较快。研究结果为贮木场火灾消防援救和计算机模拟提供依据。 相似文献
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森工贮木场楞堆火灾模拟模型分析与评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
计算机模拟方法是当今研究贮木场楞堆原木火灾发生、发展规律的重要手段。为此,从贮木场楞堆原木燃烧的特点出发,对当前国际上最新的14种火灾模型分析和比较得出了其适用范围和特点。并根据贮木场楞堆原木火灾的特性,提出了采用FDS模型模拟贮木场楞堆原木火灾比较合适、准确和科学。 相似文献
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三、抓斗振动机构的设计计算1、确定抓斗腭叉刀插入一层原木时的平均水平阻力。抓斗在有效的利用振动时的基本条件,是保证腭叉刀在开始插入原木楞堆中有一定的深度,以满足当抓斗闭合时能完全充满。因此,必须弄清楚腭叉刀插入原木楞堆中的第一层和最末一层的条件。抓斗腭叉刀插入原木楞堆时的可能位置:1)两块腭叉平行原木放在原木的表面上; 相似文献
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贮木场楞堆火灾的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
贮木场火灾被公认为最难扑救的火灾之一,它是森林火灾中较常见且危险性较大的一种事故。本文重点研究贮木场楞堆燃烧的特性。实验是在符合ISO9705的标准单室(3.6m×2.4m×2.4m)内进行的,通过对两个相同材质的楞堆进行火灾实验模拟,测得楞堆燃烧过程中的热释放速率、质量损失速率以及室内温度场等参数。分析实验结果,为制定防火规范和计算机模拟提供实验依据。研究结果表明,贮木场楞堆燃烧温度场和热释放速率呈一直线平稳燃烧态势。 相似文献
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基于图像处理的贮木场楞堆原木计数算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对楞堆计数的特定问题,提出了一种新的图像识别方案.该方法用二值化分割、图像链码跟踪和直线填充的方法实现原木和背景的分离,根据距离变换的思想,采用距离变换图中搜索种子点的方法实现原木的计数.该算法尤其适用于原木端面形状不规则、面积大小不一、摆放不整齐的楞堆计数. 相似文献
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贮木场楞堆的计数往往采用人工的方法,而人工计数又存在很多局限性.为解决这一问题提出了一种基于距离变换的图像识别方法.该方法采用中值滤波法、二值化分割和数学形态处理运算实现棒线材图像的预处理,根据距离变换的思想,采用距离变换图中搜索种子点的方法实现原木的计数.该技术尤其适用于贮木场原木楞堆端面摆放参差不齐、原木端面面积大小不一和原木形状不规则的等情况下计数,真有一定的推广和应用价值. 相似文献
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红外光谱结合多元线性回归法快速测定木塑复合材料中木粉含量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用KBr压片法对杉木/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料样品进行了红外光谱分析,确定杉木特征吸收谱带为1740~1730、1610~1590、1270~1260、1060~1050以及1040~1030 cm-1,以PP在1377 cm-1处吸收强度(I)为内标,对木塑复合材料(WPC)中木粉含量和杉木特征峰相对吸收强度进行相关性分析,并采用逐步多元线性回归法建立木粉含量与相对峰强间的多元线性回归方程。结果表明,选取I(1060-1050)/I1377、I(1270-1260)/I1377为回归变量建立的二元线性回归方程和以I(1060-1050)/I1377、I(1040-1030)/I1377及I(1270-1260)/I1377为回归变量建立的三元线性回归方程,具有较高的预测精度。木粉含量的预测值和参照值之间具有强烈的相关性,校正决定系数(R2c)超过0.98,验证决定系数(R2p)超过0.96。外部验证结果表明,线性回归方程预测准确性较高,预测相对偏差范围为0.9%至7.4%,其中三元线性回归方程预测准确性稍好于二元线性回归方程。 相似文献
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The selling price of conifer logs sold in the period 197984has been related in diminishing order of importance to: thediameter at breast height of trees from which the logs werederived, species, location, log grade and log minimum top diameter.Cash values are assigned to these aspects of valuation. The relationship between price and diameter at breast heightis linear. A generalised regression equation is given; thisis then linked to the Forestry Commission index of softwoodsawlog prices, and to conventional price-size curves used ineconomic appraisals. 相似文献
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By taking three forecasting methods (sample trees, sample branches and climate factors prediction) the forecasting equation
of seed were established through correlation analysis and regression analysis on seed crop of Qingshan and QinheLarix olgensis seed orchard. The research results showed that it gave more accurate prediction with less working load by taking pistillate
numbers of four sample branches at middle layer of crown to predicate seed crop. And the short-term prediction equation of
this method was established. The correlation analysis between seed crop and climate factors showed that the relative humidity
May and June, annual evaporative amount, and accumulated temperature above 10°C, possess the highest effect on bud differentiation
and seed crop, then the middle-term predication equation of climate factors was established. 相似文献
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乌饭树广泛分布于我国亚热带丘陵—低山地区,是中国民间传统的健康食品"乌饭"的原料,其浆果酸甜可口,营养丰富,含有多种有益于人体健康的成分。为给乌饭树的选优育种提供科学依据,主要收集了江西的会昌、龙南、瑞金、井冈山、萍乡和湖南的浏阳与江苏的宜兴等不同纬度地区的乌饭树果实,采用统计分析的研究方法,对其果实大小和质量进行了测定,并就其地理遗传变异规律进行了分析。结果表明:1乌饭树的果实属于小浆果类型,平均直径为0.790 2 cm,种子的千粒质量为0.698 g;乌饭树果实的直径(y)与质量(x)具有显著的线性回归关系:y=0.603x-0.241。2方差分析结果表明:混合采集的果实大小在南北不同纬度地区之间没有明显差异,而优树果实大小在南北不同纬度地区之间却有显著差异,这说明植物个体具有相对独立的遗传背景特征。3在南北不同纬度地区混合采集的乌饭树果实其大小(直径)与环境因子间没有明显的线性关系;而优树果实的大小与环境因子的多元线性回归分析结果却表明,果实大小与年平均气温(x_2)、无霜期(x_4)之间具有显著的线性关系:y=-0.038x_2+0.004x_4+0.674。文中综合分析认为,井冈山、龙南、萍乡这3个地区是选育大果类型乌饭优树时应该特别关注的地区。 相似文献
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Mechanised harvesting operations are growing in popularity in South Africa, as motor-manual and manual harvesting operations pose significant health and safety risks to workers. Potential damage inflicted by single-grip harvester feed rollers and delimbing knives on the log surface during debranching and debarking of eucalypts may affect chip size distributions during chip production. Chip size is important as it influences pulp quality and recovery in the kraft pulping process. The study investigated the influence of two mechanised debarking treatments in eucalypts (three feed roller passes and five feed roller passes along the stem surface) with feed-roller-induced log surface damage on pulp value recovery. The two mechanised treatments were compared against chips produced from manually debarked logs with no surface damage. In addition, the effect of two log drying periods (one week and two weeks) and three log classes (base, middle and top logs) on chip quality were also analysed. An economic evaluation was conducted to quantify potential recoverable pulp value losses associated with debarking treatments and log drying periods. Logs subject to manual debarking produced significantly less undesired sized chips than both three-pass and five-pass mechanically debarked logs and therefore had significantly greater pulp value recovery. Mechanically debarked logs had a projected pulp value recovery of R62, R86 and R123 less per bone dry tonne of chips produced from base, middle and top logs, respectively, when compared with manually debarked logs with no log surface damage after a one-week log drying period. Mechanically debarked logs also had a projected pulp value recovery of R77, R40 and R59 less per bone dry tonne of chips produced from base, middle and top logs, respectively, when compared with manually debarked logs with no log surface damage after a two-week log drying period. Logs dried for two weeks also produced significantly less under-sized chips than chips produced from one-week-dried logs and therefore had greater pulp value recovery. However, two-week-dried logs produced wood chips with significantly more over-thick chips than logs dried for one week. The volume of undesirable-sized chips produced during chipping increased with decreasing log size. 相似文献
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毛竹林氮素营养诊断的研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
结合"四因素二次回归最优设计"的施肥试验,在毛竹林小年施肥后至大年新竹长叶的不同生长季节,采样分析了叶片氮和叶绿素含量的变化规律;对不同生长季的叶片含氮量及叶绿素含量与新竹产量进行回归分析显示:12月采集的叶样,叶片含氮量与新竹产量呈显著的抛物线回归关系,4月出笋期采集的叶样,叶绿素含量也与新竹产量呈显著回归关系;利用氮含量方程求算留养密度2 180株/hm2的毛竹林最高理论产量相应的最适养分含量和临界值,分别为31.1 5mg/g和32.55mg/g;对叶片氮含量及叶绿素含量进行相关分析发现:施肥后一个月(9月)两者呈显著的直线相关关系,冬季(12月)两者呈显著或极显著的抛物线回归关系,说明毛竹叶营养与内部生理指标间具很强的内在联系. 相似文献
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以广西东门林场33株17年生大花序桉为研究对象,测定活立木南北向Pilodyn测定值,生长锥钻取过髓心南北向木芯,木芯分为内部、中部、外部3部分测定木材基本密度,Pilodyn测定值与木材基本密度建立的回归方程。结果表明:指数函数方程拟合效果最好;Pilodyn测定值与树干外部基本密度呈极显著的负相关关系,树干外部决定系数R2值(0.568)最大,且回归方程拟合度好;Pilodyn测定值与中部基本密度呈显著的负相关关系,与内部基本密度负相关关系不显著;南向的回归方程拟合度好于北向。预测模型的建立,为今后快速无损评估活立木木材基本密度提供新的方法。 相似文献