一例老龄犬脾脏巨大血管肉瘤的病例报告

9.5岁银狐公犬影像检查发现腹腔有一巨大占位阴影.经临床检查、实验室检查等初步诊断为腹腔肿瘤.经腹腔探查,手术切除脾及附带肿瘤.经病理组织学检查确诊为脾脏血管肉瘤.术后治疗15d,犬预后良好,体征稳定.     

一例犬脾脏纤维肉瘤的诊疗研究

为了对临床一例疑似犬脾脏肿瘤病例进行确诊,本文通过临床检查、血液常规检查、血液生化检查、C-反应蛋白（CRP）、影像学以及组织病理学等方面的检查。结果表明,碱性磷酸酶（ALP）异常升高,CRP升高,影像学发现脾脏肿大且脾头处有异常增生物,术后结合脾脏的病理组织学检查,综合诊断为犬的脾脏纤维肉瘤,患犬脾脏肿瘤摘除手术后1 d死亡。通过对本病例的分析,旨在为宠物临床脾脏纤维肉瘤的诊断与治疗提供参考。     

一例犬皮肤血管肉瘤的临床诊断

1只12岁雄性松狮犬,因精神沉郁,颈背部有一个直径约4 cm的隆起,食欲不振,偶有咳嗽而就诊。该犬X射线检查结果无明显异常。颈背部皮下穿刺物镜检可见大量红细胞及少量增多的中性粒细胞。血细胞计数检查及血清生化指标检查结果显示,红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、血细胞比容及血小板总数均低于参考值。皮下异常增生组织呈暗紫红色,质地较硬,外有包囊包裹。异常增生组织H.E.染色镜检可见大量血管腔和血管裂隙,向中心分化程度逐渐降低,瘤细胞大量聚集,细胞核大且呈棕黄色。细胞呈梭形、多边形或卵圆形不等。免疫组织化学检测结果显示标志物Ki-67阳性染色率约为30%。综合相关检查结果,患犬确诊为皮肤血管肉瘤。说明犬皮肤血管瘤临床诊断手段主要有血清生化检测、胸腹腔影像学检查、非脏器型积液穿刺检查和组织病理学检查、免疫组织化学检查等,其中免疫组织化学检查准确、可靠,对患犬的确诊及后续治疗方案的选择至关重要。     

犬脾脏间质肉瘤并发子宫蓄脓病例报告

犬脾脏肿瘤和子宫蓄脓均为中老年犬罹患的疾病,常单独发生,二者早期临床症状均不典型,容易误诊或漏诊,通过X线检查和超声检查有助于及时发现病变。本病例患犬经影像检查及组织病理检查诊断为脾脏肿瘤并发子宫蓄脓,经手术摘除脾脏、卵巢和子宫,患犬获得康复。     

1例犬脾脏破裂合并气胸的诊治

一只泰迪犬从6楼坠落摔伤,经临床检查、X射线检查、B超检查及剖腹探查发现,患犬发生脾脏破裂合并气胸及掌骨骨折。此病例气胸症状治疗采用抽气恢复其负压的方法;脾脏破裂严重,最终摘除脾脏后对其进行输血疗法;掌骨骨折部位采用外固定的方法对其复位;最终患犬恢复良好。文章将为临床严重外伤、脾脏破裂合并气胸及骨折病例的诊断与治疗提供一定参考。     

一例犬乳腺纤维肉瘤的诊治体会

犬乳腺肿瘤是成年雌性犬多发的一种疾病,主要表现为乳腺部有硬块状物,身体消瘦等临床症状。2011年9月贵阳某动物医院接诊了一例患有乳腺肿瘤的狼狗,经病理切片分析,判定是犬乳腺纤维肉瘤。     

犬脾脏摘除术

近年进行了5例犬的脾脏摘除术,效果满意。现报告如下。一、解剖要点犬的脾脏为淡红色,长而狭窄,外形略似镰刀状。下端较宽大,上端(背侧端)窄     

犬阴茎纤维肉瘤的诊治

犬阴茎肿瘤通常是纤维肉瘤，而且是平滑肌和纤维组织增生的混合物。1 病因1．1 滥用药物：许多养犬者为了尽快让犬配上种，往往大剂量使用睾酮类激素药物。1．2 环境不洁：环境不干净，犬自然感染而引起。1．3 不洁交配：犬生殖系统疾病，通过交配而传播。2 诊断2．1 病史调查：大多为配不上种而大剂量注射药物所致。2．2 临床检查：发现会阴部隆起，触诊坚硬，反应敏感，少数有血水自阴茎流出，气味恶臭难闻。滥用药物者，被毛多处脱落，形成皮炎，为充血性小丘疹，圆形、指尖大，上皮结痂，痂皮呈红色。当阴茎伸出包皮外时，一般可在阴茎…     

一例犬纤维肉瘤的病理学观察

对一例患犬的增生组织进行组织病理学诊断,并确定增生组织的病理学类型。手术切除右侧眼旁皮下肿块,经福尔马林溶液固定,进行常规石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色。显微镜下观察可见瘤细胞大小不一,多为梭形,可见核分裂象,有炎性细胞浸润。通过临床诊断结合病理组织学观察初步确诊为犬纤维肉瘤。     

一例苏格兰牧羊犬脾脏破裂诊治

介绍了一例苏格兰牧羊犬脾脏破裂临床检查、诊断及治疗,提出在术后的护理时,除去常规护理外,应该认识到由于脾脏摘除可能导致出现贫血症状,因此,在术后要及时补充营养。     

Laparoscopic Splenectomy for Treatment of Splenic Hemangiosarcoma in a Dog

Objective: To report laparoscopic splenectomy in a dog. Study Design: Clinical report. Animals: Mixed breed dog (n=1). Methods: Hemangiosarcoma was diagnosed by ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of a splenic mass in an 11‐year‐old, 30 kg, mixed breed dog. No metastatic disease was identified during complete staging (chest radiographs, echocardiogram, and abdominal ultrasonography); however, cystic calculi were identified. Laparoscopic splenectomy using Ligasure V was performed through 3 portals and the calculi were removed by laparoscopic‐assisted cystoscopy. Results: Total surgical time was 2 hours and for laparoscopic splenectomy, 65 minutes. The celiotomy incision for splenic removal was 7 cm. The dog recovered uneventfully and was ambulatory 2 hours postoperatively. Conclusion: Laparoscopy with Ligasure V facilitated successful removal of a spleen with a 3 cm mass. Clinical Relevance: Laparoscopic splenectomy in dogs is feasible for removal of a normal‐sized spleen with a moderate‐sized mass.     

宠物犬巴贝斯虫病的临床诊疗

犬巴贝斯虫病是一种虫媒性血液寄生虫病。由于流行病学的特点,多发生于工作犬。近年来由于宠物犬的数量剧增,本病在宠物犬中时有发生。笔者在宠物门诊工作过程中,通过对数例宠物犬巴贝斯虫病的诊治实践,针对本病的流行特点,采用对因疗法和对症疗法,取得了较好的疗效。     

Cutaneous Hemangiosarcoma in a Dog

A male golden retriever of unknown age presented with multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous masses from the left elbow to the digits. Histopathologically, multiple tumor foci had formed from the dermis to the subcutaneous tissue. Tumor foci consisted of a vascular structure, alveolar structure and solid proliferative area. The borders among these areas were not clear. Some neoplastic cells resembled a mature endothelium, while others were large pleomorphic cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were usually strongly positive for CD31 and often positive for PROX-1, the lymphatic endothelial cell marker. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as a hemangiosarcoma with lymphatic differentiation.     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF CANINE NONPARENCHYMAL HEMANGIOSARCOMA

The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe pre‐ and postcontrast computed tomographic (CT) characteristics of confirmed nonparenchymal hemangiosarcoma in a group of dogs. Medical records were searched during the period of July 2003 and October 2011 and dogs with histologically confirmed nonparenchymal hemangiosarcoma and pre‐ and postcontrast CT images were recruited. Two observers recorded a consensus opinion for the following CT characteristics for each dog: largest transverse tumor diameter, number of masses, general tumor shape, character of the tumor margin, precontrast appearance, presence of dystrophic calcification, presence of postcontrast enhancement, pattern of postcontrast enhancement, presence of regional lymphadenopathy, and presence of associated cavitary fluid. A total of 17 dogs met inclusion criteria. Tumors were located in the nasal cavity, muscle, mandible, mesentery, subcutaneous tissue, and retroperitoneal space. Computed tomographic features of nonparenchymal hemangiosarcoma were similar to those of other soft tissue sarcomas, with most tumors being heterogeneous in precontrast images, invasive into adjacent tissue, and heterogeneously contrast enhancing. One unexpected finding was the presence of intense foci of contrast enhancement in 13 of the 17 tumors (76%). This appearance, which is not typical of other soft tissue sarcomas, was consistent with contrast medium residing in vascular channels. Findings indicated that there were no unique distinguishing CT characteristics for nonparenchymal hemangiosarcoma in dogs; however, the presence of highly attenuating foci of contrast enhancement may warrant further investigation in prospective diagnostic sensitivity and treatment outcome studies.     

Splenic Hemangiosarcoma in a Young Sprague-Dawley Rat

The present report describes a rare case of spontaneous hemangiosarcoma in a nine-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rat. At necropsy, multiple white nodules of various sizes were observed on and within the enlarged spleen and liver and were histopathologically determined to be composed of spindle- to oval-shaped cells that showed invasive growth without encapsulation and were arranged solidly but partially in whorls or faint alveolar patterns with vascular-like spaces containing small clefts or erythrocytes in the tumor mass. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that most of the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD34 but negative for podoplanin. In addition, electron microscopic examination revealed the presence of Weibel-Palade bodies in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Based on these findings, this case was diagnosed as a hemangiosarcoma. The splenic masses were larger than the hepatic ones, with tumor cells mainly observed at periportal regions with tumor embolism in the liver, suggesting that primary hemangiosarcoma initially developed in the spleen before metastasizing.     

Efficacy of Vinblastine for Treatment of Canine Mast Cell Tumors

Background: The optimal dosage and clinical efficacy of vinblastine (VBL) for treatment of mast cell tumors (MCTs) in dogs has not been established. Hypothesis: Single‐agent VBL has antitumor activity against MCTs in dogs. Animals: Fifty‐one dogs with nonresectable grade II or III cutaneous MCTs. Methods: Prospective, open clinical trial. Dogs were systematically allocated (by hospital record number) to receive IV treatment with VBL at a dosage of 2.0 mg/m² (weekly for 4 treatments then biweekly for 4 treatments; VBL 2.0) or treatment with VBL at a dosage of 3.5 mg/m² (biweekly for 5 treatments; VBL 3.5). The primary outcome measure was reduction in tumor size. Results: Twenty‐five dogs were allocated to the VBL 2.0 group and 26 were allocated to the VBL 3.5 group. In the VBL 2.0 group, 3 (12%) had a partial response (PR) for a median of 77 days (range, 48–229 days). Overall response rate in the VBL 3.5 group was 27%. One dog (4%) had a complete response for 63 days and 6 dogs (23%) had a PR for a median of 28 days (range, 28–78 days). Toxicoses were uncommon in the VBL 2.0 group. Twelve (46%) dogs in the VBL 3.5 group had <500 neutrophils/μL 7 days after treatment; 2 dogs with neutropenia developed concurrent fevers. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: VBL, when used as a single‐agent, has activity against MCTs in dogs although the response rate is lower than those reported for VBL‐containing combination protocols. Further, findings suggest VBL at a dosage of 3.5 mg/m² should be considered for use in future phase II/III trials.     

一例犬恶性黑色素瘤的临床诊治

犬黑色素瘤比较常见,以皮肤色素深的老年犬多发。通过对1例患恶性黑色素瘤松狮犬的跟踪观察和治疗,就其临床症状、病理诊断做了较为详细的研究,以期为该病在小动物临床中的诊疗提供依据。     

犬病专家诊断系统的建立

本文主要阐述了犬病专家诊断系统的知识获取、知识表示、知识库建设以及推理策略，简要介绍了本系统的实现过程和诊断功能。