共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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体细胞胚胎发生作为生物技术在林木育种、繁殖和保护策略中得到了广泛应用。DNA甲基化在林木体细胞胚胎发生过程中起着至关重要的作用,它是一种与转录沉默相关的表观遗传修饰,是控制基因表达的关键因素。开展基于DNA甲基化的林木体细胞胚胎发生研究对于调控体胚发生、林木改良和种质资源建设等具有重要意义。文中从林木体胚发生过程中的DNA甲基化水平与模式变化情况、DNA甲基化与体胚影响因素之间的关联、去甲基化剂(5-氮杂胞苷)如何调控林木体胚发育及DNA甲基化如何调控相关基因转录、基因表达等方面进行综述,对目前研究中存在的问题进行分析,并展望了未来的研究内容和方向。 相似文献
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林木体胚发生技术进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
细胞工程种苗工厂化生产新技术中的林木体胚发生、植株再生和人工种子技术,作为现代生物技术的重要内容,展示了良好的应用前景。该文论述了林木体胚发生的关键技术,重点介绍了应用于体胚发生的外植体来源,培养基激素水平,培养条件,渗透压等方面技术及存在问题与可能解决的途径。 相似文献
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红松、樟子松胚培养效果初报 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《林业实用技术》1978,(10)
植物组织培养法是用适当的培养基对植物细胞、组织、器官、胚等进行无菌离体培养。利用这种方法可以获得和亲本遗传性相同的植株,是无性繁殖的好方法。目前,在国外,用胚培养诱导丛生芽和植株的只有辐射松、白云杉、欧洲松和长针松等。我们选择红松、樟子松这两个无性繁殖困难树种的种胚进行培养试验,以求从林木远缘杂交杂种胚获得大量植株,扩大林木优良品种繁殖数量,加速林木良种化进程,为将来繁殖林木优良品种工厂化生产提供科学依据。目前已获得丛生芽,现将试验方法、结果简要报道如下: 我们选质量好、有发芽能力的红松、樟子 相似文献
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迄今,已有124种木本植物采用离体培养方法培养成再生植株,有些树种的优树繁殖的试管植物已开始用于造林。本文对快速无性繁殖木本植物的方法与概况作了简单的介绍。组织培养方法繁殖木本植物的类型有无菌短枝扦插,器官发生和胚状体发生3种。其特点是繁殖速度较常规无性繁殖快,并可用于繁殖或保存难以繁殖的优良珍贵树种;茎尖培养结合高温处理等措施可以得到去除危害病毒的检定苗,这在果树、林木生产上很有应用价值。目前,在木本植物的组织培养方面除了研究有关细胞、组织和器官的培养条件外,对经济树种,特别是果树与木本油料植物以及与能源有关的树种的快速无性繁殖研究颇受重视。 相似文献
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《林业科学》2021,57(1)
【目的】探究外源激素对日本落叶松体细胞胚发生不同培养阶段的影响,优化日本落叶松的体细胞胚发生条件并提高体细胞胚的质量,为研究外源激素调控落叶松体细胞胚发生的生理机制提供数据支持,为落叶松的规模化繁育和遗传改良奠定基础。【方法】首先确定生长曲线的延迟期、对数期和平台期,然后根据生长曲线,采用正交设计研究胚性胚柄团在2,4-D 0.15、0.30、0.50 mg·L-1、6-BA 0、0.15、0.30 mg·L-1和ABA 0、0.50、1.00 mg·L-1浓度下培养7天、14天、21天的鲜质量增长情况和14天的体胚发生能力,采用析因设计研究悬浮细胞在2,4-D 0.15、0.30、0.50 mg·L-1和6-BA 0、0.15、0.30 mg·L-1浓度下培养7天、14天、21天的细胞鲜质量增长情况和14天的体胚发生能力,结合鲜质量增长和体胚发生能力2种结果确定胚性胚柄团增殖和悬浮细胞生长的最佳激素浓度。最后,以不含GA3、IAA的体细胞胚诱导培养基为对照,分别研究了GA3和IAA 0、10、20、30、40 mg·L-1对体细胞胚发生的影响。【结果】7、14、21天分别处于日本落叶松胚性胚柄团增殖和悬浮细胞生长的延迟期、对数期和平台期。在胚性愈伤组织增殖阶段,2,4-D、6-BA、ABA对胚性胚柄团增殖和体胚发生能力的影响显著(P0.05),最佳的激素浓度是2,4-D 0.15 mg·L-1+ABA0.50 mg·L-1;在悬浮培养阶段,2,4-D、6-BA组合对悬浮细胞生长和体胚发生能力的影响显著(P0.05),最佳激素浓度是2,4-D 0.15 mg·L-1+6-BA 0.15 mg·L-1; GA3、IAA对成熟子叶胚的数量的影响均显著(P0.05),10~20 mg·L-1GA3或IAA时成熟子叶胚数量显著升高,而更高的GA3或IAA浓度将会抑制体胚发生。【结论】外源激素可有效调控日本落叶松的体细胞胚发生,适宜增殖阶段胚性胚柄团增殖和体胚发生能力保持的激素组合为2,4-D 0.15 mg·L-1+ABA 0.50 mg·L-1,适宜悬浮培养阶段细胞生长和体胚发生能力保持的激素组合为2,4-D 0.15 mg·L-1+6-BA 0.15 mg·L-1,添加GA3或IAA 10~20 mg·L-1可以显著提高成熟子叶胚的数量。 相似文献
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[目的]建立和优化火炬松体胚发生技术体系,为火炬松优良基因型体胚繁育及遗传转化体系建立提供技术支撑。[方法]以火炬松优良基因型的未成熟合子胚为材料,从基因型、球果采集期、基本培养基、植物外源激素组合及浓度等方面对胚性愈伤组织诱导条件进行优化;选取增殖效果好、具有胚性胚柄细胞团(ESM)的胚性愈伤组织开展体胚成熟的正交试验,选择发育正常的子叶胚进行萌发,8周后移栽。[结果]基因型、球果采集期、基本培养基和外源激素(PGR)组合及浓度等因子均对胚性愈伤组织诱导有不同程度的影响。火炬松6种基因型中荣山52胚性愈伤组织诱导率最高,达63.33%;处于裂生多胚期的合子胚为外植体的最佳采样期(7月20日左右);6种基本培养基中,在DCR基本培养基上胚性愈伤组织诱导率最高,达40.00%;不同PGR组合及浓度中,以0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+1.0 mg·L-1 2,4-D+2.0 mg·L-1 NAA+5.0 mg·L-1ABA的胚性愈伤组织诱导率最高,达50.00%。胚性愈伤组织在基本培养基MLP上培养1... 相似文献
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植物磺肽素(PSK),是近年来发现的一种新型植物肽类生长调节物质,具有促进单细胞的分裂增殖等生理功能.以杂交鹅掌楸未成熟胚来源的体胚发生体系为材料,探索PSK-α在植物体胚发生中的作用.研究发现PSK-α能够促进细胞分裂和增殖,有利于胚性细胞的形成.在杂交鹅掌楸体胚发生初期添加0.1 mg·L-1的PSK-α可提高未成熟胚的脱分化率并能有效改善培养细胞的状态;0.5 mg·L-1的PSK-α能够促进胚性愈伤组织的形成和增殖;体胚形成后期添加0.8 mg·L-1的PSK-α利于其正常发育以及再生植株的培养. 相似文献
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《Southern Forests》2013,75(2):59-69
Forest tree improvement programs benefit from the emergence of new biotechnological strategies that complement plant developmental biology and discovery of genes associated with complex multigenic traits. Recently, significant progress has been made in the area of plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis (SE) for economically important tree species (e.g. pines). These advances have opened up new scenarios for deployment of new high-performance clonally replicated planting stock to forest plantations and may also be a valuable tool for the development of efficient gene transfer techniques. Although high rates of plant propagation from axillary shoot proliferation can be achieved easily in many Eucalyptus species, even higher multiplication rates through SE have been recorded in other tree species. If the clonal propagation of Eucalyptus through SE proves to be an effective propagation method, it has the potential to meet the increasing industrial demands for high-quality uniform materials and to rapidly capture the benefits of breeding programs. Since 2002 a reproducible protocol for SE induction from mature zygotic embryos of E. globulus has been available. However, for SE to be useful in E. globulus improvement programs, the frequency of SE initiation, maturation, germination and acclimatisation needs to be improved and controlled. If this technology could be extended to elite germplasm, it would become an economically feasible tool for large-scale production and delivery of improved planting stock. This is one of the greatest current challenges in Eucalyptus tissue culture. In this review we update the most important aspects of SE in Eucalyptus with particular emphasis on E. globulus. We highlight both genetic control and the influence of different environmental factors in the SE process (e.g. medium composition, antioxidants, light and plant growth regulators), from induction to plant acclimatisation in both primary and secondary SE. 相似文献
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Technologies in forest molecular biology and tissue culture could play an increasing role in the choice of genotypes for successful establishment of agroforestry practices. Research areas such as micropropagation, somatic embryogenesis, genetic engineering, marker-aided selection, and molecular diagnostics are merging with traditional forest biological studies to help identify and produce better-suited trees for agroforestry plantings. A combination of classical and molecular biological research could be used to improve pest and stress resistance of selected genotypes, modify structure and function, and monitor pests of trees. This merger of approaches, as well as continued technological development, could accelerate the production and selection of suitable tree genotypes for agroforestry plantings.The US Government right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty free licence in and to any copy-right is acknowledged. 相似文献
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During the last decade, a strong case has been made for viewing trees as model systems in plant biology. More recently, forest biologists have argued for the sequencing of the genome of a forest tree. Now, the United States Department of Energy has announced plans for sequencing the genome of the Populus trichocarpa clone, "Nisqually-1." Thus, forest biology is poised to enter an exciting period of scientific discovery. Embracing new technology and new research paradigms, however, is never easy. It is, therefore, timely to ask how tree physiologists will take advantage of the Populus genome data. We contend that the most attractive opportunities will arise through genome-wide research designed to: (1). examine the differences between trees and herbaceous annuals; (2). explore questions relating to the temporal and spatial scales that characterize the life histories and growth of trees; and (3). investigate cause-and-effect relationships that are intractable to conventional research methodologies. To highlight the potential applications of genomics in tree physiology, we briefly discuss each of these approaches. 相似文献
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《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(1):I0001-I0001
Forestry Studies in China strives to provide a platform for a broad blend of peer-reviewed papers for a purpose of accelerating academic communication and exchanges between forestry researchers in and outside China. The Journal features articles by international scientists across the spectrum of forest research, including forest ecology, silviculture, forest management, sci- 相似文献
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《中国林学(英文版)》2007,9(4):F0002-F0002
Forestry Studies in China strives to provide a platform for a broad blend of peer-reviewed papers for a purpose of acceler-ating academic communication and exchanges between forestry 相似文献
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《中国林学(英文版)》2010,(4):164-F0002
Forestry Studies in China strives to provide a platform for a broad blend of peer-reviewed papers for a purpose of accelerating academic communication and exchanges between forestry researchers 相似文献