禽流感免疫程序的优化试验研究

为搞好肉种鸡高致病性禽流感防控工作,在肉种鸡免疫时通过对不同厂家生产的H5和ND+H9禽流感疫苗进行对比试验.综合分析免疫抗体消长情况和对免疫鸡群生产性能的影响,筛选出合适疫苗,优化免疫程序,防控禽流感,稳定鸡群生产.结果发现,H5选用大华农生产的疫苗效果较好,根据临床需要ND+H9选用大华农和生药厂生产的疫苗进行交叉免疫效果较好.     

禽流感疫苗注意4大事项：购买、保存、运输、使用

当前,我省各地正在全面开展高致病性禽流感预防注射工作。为了正确地购买、运输、保存和使用疫苗,确保免疫效果,特别提醒注意以下事项。购买:为了保证疫苗质量,请购买农业部指定厂家生产的禽流感疫苗。我省疫苗由省畜牧兽医总站统一采购,各级畜牧兽医站负责专供。为了提高预防效果,最好买含H5和H9的二价苗;如果没有二价苗,就买H5单价苗。保存:高致病性禽流感疫苗是油乳剂灭活苗,保存的适宜温度是2-8摄氏度。疫苗既怕冻结,也怕高温。冻结会使疫苗油、乳分层,影响疫苗质量;高温会降低疫苗效价,缩短疫苗保存时间。尤其在气温低的地区,购买后…     

禽流感免疫失败原因与弥补措施

一禽流感免疫失败原因 1疫苗质量不高或接种剂量不够 由于H5禽流感抗原生产时受到病毒本身的性质所限,抗原含量通常不高,因此接种高致病性禽流感疫苗后,抗体水平往往达不到保护水平或保护期太短。作者检测了多个厂家生产的不同批次的H5型禽流感疫苗,破乳后尿囊液血凝滴度通常不超过4log2。再就是注射剂量不够,研究表明皮下注射0．3～0．4mL／只,没有注射0．5mL／只效果好;背部皮下注射不如颈部皮下注射效果好。     

不同厂家不同品种禽流感灭活疫苗免疫效果评价简

高致病性禽流感对养禽业的危害非常严重，世界动物卫生组织（OIE）将高致病性禽流感列为必须报告的动物传染病和A类传染病，我国将其列为一类动物疫病。为了有效预防和控制禽流感，减少对养禽业的危害，我国对高致病性禽流感实行强制免疫政策。为了解不同厂家禽流感疫苗的免疫效果，     

农业部采取七项措施 力保禽流感疫苗供应

为切实加强高致病性禽流感防控工作，积极落实强制免疫政策，满足免疫需要，农业部全面加强了禽流感疫苗研制、生产和质量监督管理。日前，农业部部长杜青林和副部长张宝文前往中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所检查供应疫苗生产情况，采取一系列有效措施，力保禽流感疫苗供应。     

近年高致病性禽流感流行特点及新型禽流感疫苗在天津地区的应用

近年来,全球高致病性禽流感流行形势复杂：我国周边地区呈频发态势;我国境内呈点状发生,未见区域性暴发流行。天津地区通过应用新型禽流感疫苗、指导养殖场优化免疫程序、定期评估免疫效果等,有效控制了禽流感在该地区的发生与流行。介绍高致病性禽流感的流行情况及防控要点、2019—2022年高致病性禽流感疫苗变更情况、高致病性禽流感疫苗在天津市的应用情况及免疫效果,以供相关部门参考。     

辽宁确保疫苗质量 为养殖户保驾护航启动疫苗免疫效果评估

为准确掌握重大动物疫病强制免疫疫苗的免疫效果,为养殖户提供优质疫苗,根据省重大动物疫病应急中心的工作安排,铁岭市疫苗免疫效果跟踪评估工作全面启动。此次免疫效果跟踪评估的疫苗品种有:内蒙金宇集团生产的猪O型口蹄疫疫苗、山东齐鲁药厂生产的猪蓝耳病活疫苗和哈药集团生产的高致病性禽流感     

农业部：禽流感疫苗仅9企业正式生产 其余假冒

农业部有关负责人日前指出，为确保各地加大免疫力度，提高免疫密度，有效防控高致病性禽流感疫情，农业部采取一系列有力措施，进一步加强对疫苗生产企业的监管，保证疫苗质量，为防疫工作提供有力保障。     

H5N1亚型禽流感疫苗对家禽的免疫效果观察

用H5N1亚型禽流感疫苗对家禽进行免疫接种,采用血凝(HA)和血凝抑制(HI)试验对其免疫效果进行检测,根据检测结果评估在临床上使用高致病性禽流感疫苗免疫的效果和质量,为进一步验证H5N1亚型禽流感疫苗在实际生产中免疫程序的科学性和有效性,根据免疫抗体水平科学地、适时地指导动物防疫,同时提出在实际工作中的防控建议。     

高致病性禽流感疫苗实行定点生产和监控

为了保证高致病性禽流感疫苗的质量，确保禽流感防治工作顺利开展，根据当前疫情情况，农业部决定将高致病性禽流感疫苗生产管理从紧急状态转为常态，规定生产企业必须达到农业部发布的《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称GMP)的要求。为此，农业部对高致病性禽流感疫苗生产     

猪胴体分级标准初探

<正>猪胴体分级的目的是确定屠体某些特性,并根据这些特性指标决定屠体及其产品的价值,使产销双方有共同标准可以遵循,在公平合理交易原则下,防止产生纷争。良好的分级标准和制度能确实反映市场需要,进而敦促生产者谋求改进肉猪屠体品质。我国原有的猪胴体品质分级标准已经不适合使     

服务农业服务社会

在迎接新世纪,庆贺新千年的时候,饲料行业如同其他行业一样,也在筹划今后的发展问题。研究任何产业的发展,都要研究自身的特点,还要研究与其他产业的关联。饲料工业,是个关联性很强的产业。最明显的是,依托于农业,又服务于农业。饲料工业的原料,绝大部分直接来源于农业,没有农业作基础,就没有饲料工业;没有发达的农业,也就没有发达的饲料工业。因此,服务农业,是发展饲料工业的题中应有之义。民以食为天。服务于农业,服务于“菜篮子”工程,也就是服务于社会。我国饲料工业的发展,为农业,为养殖业,为人民生活的改善,做出了巨大的贡献。据国家…     

Transgenic pigs for xenotransplantation for humans]

Transgenic livestock have been generated via microinjection of DNA-constructs into pronuclei of zygotes. However, efficiency is low and only 1-3% transgenic offspring are to be obtained. Integration of the transgene occurs at random and expression is independent from the number of integrated copies but can be affected by the integration site. To overcome the shortage of human organs, transgenic pigs have been generated that express human complement regulatory genes. This approach enables to overcome the hyperacute rejection response as shown by an average survival rate (40-90 days) of the immunosuppressed primate recipients receiving a heart from a transgenic pig. It is expected that transgenic pigs would be available as organ donors in the next 5-10 years. A major prerequisite, however, is the prevention of the potential transfer of pathogenic microorganisms, in particular porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV). Improvements of the efficiency in the generation of transgenic pigs will be achieved by the use of genetically modified donor cells in nuclear transfer technology (cloning).     

Strategies for Using eFSH for Superovulating Mares

The standard treatment for superovulation of mares is to administer equine follicle-stimulating hormone (eFSH) for 4 to 5 days to stimulate multiple follicles and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce synchronous ovulations. Objectives of this study were: (1) to determine whether a short-term (3-day) eFSH treatment protocol would result in similar ovulation and embryo recovery rates compared with the standard eFSH protocol; (2) to determine the efficacy of a decreasing dose of eFSH (step-down protocol) on ovulation rate and embryo recovery; (3) to compare the efficacy of hCG and recombinant equine luteinizing hormone (reLH) for inducing ovulation in FSH-treated mares; and (4) to compare embryo recovery rates and embryo size when mares are flushed at 6.5 or 7.0 days after ovulation. Forty light-horse mares were used in 2005 (experiment 1) and 20 different mares were used in 2006 (experiment 2). In experiment 1, mares were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) untreated controls, (2) standard eFSH treatment (12.5 mg intramuscularly twice daily), and (3) 3-day eFSH treatment. In experiment 2, mares were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: (1) untreated controls, (2) standard eFSH protocol, (3) 3-day eFSH treatment, and (4) step-down eFSH treatment (12.5 mg twice daily day 1, 8.0 mg twice daily day 2, 4.0 mg twice daily day 3). Within each treatment, mares were given either hCG (2,500 IU) or equine LH (750 mg, EquiPure LH; reLH) to induce synchronized ovulations. Embryo recovery was performed either 6.5 or 7.0 days after ovulation. In experiment 1, numbers of preovulatory follicles and ovulations were less for mares in the 3-day treatment group than the standard group, but were greater than for controls. Embryo recovery per flush was higher in the standard group (2.6) than the 3-day eFSH treatment (0.8) or control groups (0.8). In experiment 2, the number of preovulatory follicles and number of ovulations were greater in the standard and 3-day treatment groups than in control and step-down groups. The percent embryo recovery per ovulation and mean embryo grade were similar for all groups; however, the embryo recovery per flush was higher for mares in the standard treatment than controls (1.3 vs 0.6) but was similar to the 3-day (1.1) and step-down (0.8) treatments. Embryo recovery was similar for flushes performed on days 6.5 and 7.0 post-ovulation. The percentage of control mares ovulating within 48 hours in response to hCG or reLH was similar. In contrast, a higher percentage of eFSH-treated mares ovulated within 48 hours in response to reLH than hCG (92% vs 71%). In both years, the 3-day eFSH treatment protocol resulted in a greater number of preovulatory follicles and a greater number of ovulations than untreated controls. Unfortunately, the increased ovulation rate for mares administered eFSH for 3 days did not result in a greater number of embryos recovered per flush in either year. Use of a step-down eFSH treatment protocol resulted in fewer preovulatory follicles, fewer ovulations, and fewer embryos as compared with the standard eFSH treatment. In conclusion, the standard eFSH treatment resulted in a greater embryo recovery rate per cycle than either the 3-day or step-down treatment protocols. Recombinant equine LH was more effective than hCG in causing ovulation in eFSH-treated mares.