Estimating post-release survival and the influential factors for recreationally caught Black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) in the Glenelg River, south eastern Australia

Black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) is the main target species amongst the estuarine recreational fisheries of Victoria, Australia. The A. butcheri fishery is managed through legal-minimum length and daily bag limits. The success of this management strategy requires that the survival rate for released fish is high. This study used the most common angling practices to estimate post-release survival and identify influential factors for undersized A. butcheri in Victoria. In total 1557 and 923 A. butcheri were caught and monitored for initial (≤1 h) and delayed (72 h) survival, respectively. Fish were caught across 3 years, with each year separated into cold and warm water periods with 8 fishing trial days in total. Only 1 of the 266 controls used to assess confinement effects died. Total survival was 95% (S.E. ± 0.8%) for shallow- and 74% (S.E. ± 3%) for deep-hooked fish and decreased as fish length increased. A post-mortem (PM) procedure was developed and showed that throat and gill injuries were the most frequent cause of deep-hooking death. It revealed that 97% of hooks left in fish remained there after 72 h and identified hooking location inaccuracies recorded at the time of capture. Total survival for deep-hooked fish was 20% higher when hooks were left in the fish. Deep-hooked fish were more likely to bleed when hooks were removed and total survival was lower for fish that bleed (58%) than fish that did not bleed (80%). Shallow-hooking rates decreased as fish length increased and were higher during warm water compared to cold water trials. The high shallow-hooking and survival rates observed suggest that A. butcheri survival in the fishery would be high, but deep-hooking has the potential to undermine the management strategy. Determining the shallow-hooking rate in the fishery would help clarify the impact of these findings at the fishery level.     

Mortality associated with catch and release of striped bass in the Hudson River

Catch‐and‐release fishing has increased in many fisheries, but its contribution to fishing mortality is rarely estimated. This study estimated catch and release mortality rates of striped bass, Morone saxatilis (Walbaum), for the spring recreational fishery in the Hudson River. Treatment fish (caught with live bait on spinning gear) and control fish (captured by electric fishing) were placed in in situ holding pens for 5 days. Mortality rates were estimated using conditional instantaneous mortality rates and additive finite mortality rates. Influences of variables (playing and handling time, hook location, degree of bleeding and fish length) on hooking mortality rates were examined by logistic regression. Conditional instantaneous mortality rates and additive finite mortality rates were 31 and 28%, respectively. Hook location significantly affected the survival of striped bass. Angling catch, effort, and release rates must be integrated with associated hooking mortality rates before this component of overall population mortality can be incorporated into management decisions.     

Nocturnal and diurnal feeding by Galaxias auratus, a lentic galaxiid fish

Abstract –  We examined the diel feeding pattern, gastric evacuation and daily ration of a lentic, endemic Tasmanian galaxiid fish, Galaxias auratus . Analysis of stomach contents and consumption estimates based on collections of fish every 3 h over three 24-h periods in summer 2002/2003 revealed that feeding always occurred during both day and night, with no obvious peaks. We also estimated the gastric evacuation rate of G. auratus in a laboratory experiment using the two prey species found to be dominant in stomachs of field-sampled fish. The relationship was best described by an exponential model, with rate parameters ( R ) of 0.104 and 0.081 for the evacuation of the amphipod, Austrochiltonia australis , and the cladoceran, Daphnia carinata , at water temperatures of 11.5 and 16.5 °C, respectively. Daily ration of G. auratus in summer was estimated to be approximately 3% (dry body weight) using the models of Elliot & Persson and Eggers. Galaxias auratus appears to be unusual in that its feeding pattern cannot be classified as nocturnal, diurnal or crepuscular, but its gastric evacuation and daily ration estimates are still similar to other comparable Northern Hemisphere freshwater fishes.     

Mortality of Diplodus annularis and Lithognathus mormyrus released by recreational anglers: implications for recreational fisheries management

Abstract  The factors affecting mortality in Diplodus annularis (L.) and Lithognathus mormyrus (L.) caught and released in a recreational fishery in the Balearic Islands (NW Mediterranean) were examined. A total of 194 and 214 specimens of each species, respectively, were caught and individually monitored in containment tanks for 10 days. The circumstances of the catch, such as capture depth, water temperature, fish size, hook type, hook location, bleeding, unhooking time and cutting the hook line were tested with a logistic regression model. Diplodus annularis experienced moderate rates of mortality (15%), and only deep-hooking was a significant predictor of death. The incidence of undersized fish for this species was 48%. By contrast, L. mormyrus exhibited higher mortality rates (33%) with over 90% of the catch under the minimum legal size. Deep-hooking was the strongest predictor of mortality. When circle hooks were used, or if the line was cut when the fish were deep-hooked, mortality was considerably reduced. Strategies, such as promoting the use of more selective gears that reduce the capture of undersized fish and implementing gentler release techniques, should be considered in managing these species.     

鲫(♀)×禾花鱼(♂)杂交及杂交F1、亲本的形态特征研究

本实验对鲫(Carassius auratus,♀)×禾花鱼(Procypris merus,♂)的杂交进行了研究,并比较分析杂交子一代(F1代)及其亲本的形态特征.结果显示:杂交获得杂种F1的受精率为92.5%、孵化率为89.3%,成活率82.9%.6月龄F1代7项测定的可数性状均偏向母本;可量性状中F1有5项偏向母...     

长江安庆段春季鱼类群落结构特征及多样性研究

为了解长江安庆段春季鱼类群落结构及物种多样性现状,于2015年4-6月对该江段鱼类进行调查,共采集鱼类36种,隶属于5目、11科、31属;其中鲤科鱼类占优势,占总种类数的52.78%。按生态习性划分,定居性鱼类占总种数的88.89%,江湖洄游鱼类占总种数的11.11%;按栖息空间划分,底栖鱼类最多,占总种数的50.00%;按摄食类型划分,杂食性鱼类最多,占总种数的44.44%。鱼类优势种为鲇(Silurus asotus)、鲫(Carassius auratus)和贝氏歺又鱼(Hemiculter bleekeri)。渔获物中小型鱼类占据较大比例,大型鱼类比例偏低、规格偏小。Shannon-Weiner多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数和Pielou指数均值分别为2.114、3.476、0.248和0.670。与历史资料相比较,鱼类优势种的数量占比降低,群落多样性、丰富度较高,均匀度较为稳定,但个体小型化现象依然存在,渔业资源仍有衰退趋势。建议强化禁渔措施,确保安庆江段渔业资源的可持续利用。     

Spatial and temporal trends in abundance of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, in Newfoundland with emphasis on impacts of the 1992 closure of the commercial fishery

Closure of the Newfoundland commercial Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fishery in 1992 was the most restrictive measure introduced to help rebuild depressed local stocks of salmon. Here, the effects of the closure are evaluated by analysing trends in abundance since 1984, and estimates of survival in both freshwater and marine environments derived from enumeration of salmon at fish counting facilities. While freshwater production of smolts generally has been maintained, marine survival rates remain low (2–10%), and highly variable. Overall, total stock size differs little from that prior to the closure of the commercial salmon fishery. Spawning escapements have increased by a factor of 2 or 3 in some rivers, but in other areas total returns are lower on average than those prior to the fishery closure. Factors other than exploitation are contributing to lack of stock recovery, resulting in continued conservation concerns.     

Effect of partial replacement of dietary monocalcium phosphate with neutral phytase on growth performance and phosphorus digestibility in gibel carp,Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch)

A feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of partial replacement of dietary monocalcium phosphate (MCP) with neutral phytase on growth performance and phosphorus digestibility in gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch). Control diet was prepared with 2% MCP but without phytase (P0). Other three experimental diets were prepared by replacement of MCP by 25%, 50% and 75% respectively in comparison with control with supplementation of neutral phytase at 500 U kg^?1 diet in each and designated as P25, P50 and P75 respectively. Gibel carp (initial body weight of 30.22 ± 1.98 g) were reared in twelve 300‐L cylindrical fibreglass tanks provided with filtered flow‐through tap water at 26–28°C. After 8‐week experiment, gibel carp fed with P50 had no obvious differences from the control group on weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency rate (PER) and survival rate. Phytase supplementation did not affect body compositions or muscle compositions. Crude protein and phosphorus (P) contents in the faeces of fish fed with the phytase‐supplemented diets were significantly lower than those of the control group. The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of crude protein and P in gibel carp were increased when fish fed with the diets in which MCP was replaced by neutral phytase. This study suggested that partial replacement of dietary MCP at 50% with neutral phytase was considered as a recommended dietary supplemental level and increased dietary P and protein availability.     

长江下游浅水湖泊石臼湖鱼类资源现状及变化趋势

根据2012-2013年对石臼湖水质和鱼类资源开展的2次调查数据,研究石臼湖水质、鱼类资源现状及演变趋势。采用水质单因子评价方法、营养状态质量指数,结合经济合作与发展OECO富营养湖泊判断标准,研究石臼湖、姑溪河、塘沟河、清水河的水质和富营养化状况;通过商业捕捞的渔获物调查,收集石臼湖和姑溪河鱼类资源数据,分析河网区鱼类种类组成、渔获物结构等渔业资源现状。结果表明,石臼湖及毗邻水域存在一定程度的水污染,且湖区受水量变化影响低于河流区,总体水质状况符合地表水环境质量Ⅲ~Ⅳ类,为富营养状态。石臼湖分布鱼类110种,2012-2013年共调查到54种;其中,石臼湖38种,固城湖33种,姑溪河51种。石臼湖、固城湖和姑溪河主要经济鱼类(数量和重量均超过1%的种类)分别有13、11和9种。石臼湖鱼类主要以鲤[Cyprinus(Cyprinus)carpio]、鲫(Carassius auratus)、鲇(Silurus asotus)等适应静、缓流生境的鱼类为主,并以歺又鱼(Hemiculter leucisculus)、鲫、棒花鱼(Abbotina rivularis)等小型鱼类或小规格个体鱼类(1 000 g)为主;湖区天然渔业资源呈衰退趋势,由于和长江下游干流相通,姑溪河鱼类种类数高于湖区,但其生物量远低于湖区;渔业资源的分布状况与水质状况无明显相关性,与河湖的连通性有关;受枯水期水量偏少、上游和周边来水污染以及高密度水产养殖的影响,石臼湖水质出现氮、磷和有机污染物超标等问题。宜采取源头控污、限制养殖、渔民转产以及人工增殖等措施,保护石臼湖水质,恢复天然渔业资源。     

邛海鱼类资源与空间分布的水声学调查探究

2013年12月和2015年9月,运用科学回声探测仪对邛海的鱼类资源量、空间分布进行了水声学法走航调查评估与分析。野外调查同时采用三层刺网、地笼等网具采样,结合湖岸鱼市及访问渔民等方式,对邛海现有鱼类组成进行分类整理。结果显示,邛海土著鱼类资源稀缺,太湖新银鱼(Neosalanx taihuensis)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、歺又鱼(Hemiculter leucisculus)、红鳍原鲌(Cultrichthys erythropterus)等外来种为邛海鱼类组成优势种。2013年和2015年,邛海湖区鱼类平均密度分别为(0.1483±0.0715)尾/m~3和(0.1051±0.0279)尾/m~3,鱼类资源量分别为4.67×10~7尾和2.90×10~7尾;体长在13.3cm以上的鱼类资源量分别为9.9×10~6尾和7.6×10~6尾。鱼类水平方向主要集中分布于月亮湾-青龙寺以及青龙寺-邛海湾断面,垂直方向主要分布在中上层,且极显著高于底层(P0.01);调查表明,邛海鱼类的空间分布情况基本类似,4个调查断面及不同水层的鱼类种群分布类型均趋于成群分布(v1)。初步认为邛海鱼类水平分布差异主要是游客休闲娱乐、沿岸居民农业生产等人为干扰以及不同区域水深变化引起的,垂直水层分布差异与优势种鱼类的生态习性紧密相关。     

桃花河人工鱼巢增殖效果研究

探索产粘性卵鱼类产卵场重建的可行性,为保护渔业资源多样性和制定重要生境的修复措施提供理论基础和科学依据。2019年4-5月在重庆市长寿区桃花河开展了人工鱼巢试验,探讨人工鱼巢的增殖效果及其影响因素。研究结果显示,监测期间6个投放点人工鱼巢共采集到鱼卵11批次,出现3次产卵高峰。1、2、3、4、5、6号投放点人工鱼巢粘附鱼卵总数分别为12 074、74 207、360 563、187 472、131 026和210 854粒,其中,鲤占28.69%、鲫占31.96%、红鳍原鲌占39.35%。按照鱼苗的野外成活率5%估算,人工鱼巢可增殖10 843尾鲤、12 079尾鲫、14 873尾红鳍原鲌。单因素方差分析表明,人工鱼巢的附卵均数在不同投放点间不存在显著性差异,在不同产卵批次间则存在显著性差异。Pearson相关性分析表明不同投放点人工鱼巢粘附的鱼卵数与水温、溶解氧相关。研究结果可为鱼类多样性保护和重要生境修复措施的制定提供科学依据。     

Survival of smaller sport caught chinook, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), and coho, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), salmon from Lake Michigan and its management implications

Abstract The survival of small-sized (<50.8 cm) chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), and coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kitsutch (Walbaum), caught by sport fishing was determined to assess the potential for increasing the size limit for these fish. Fishermen were recently catching smaller salmon than in the 1970s, but salmon growth rates had not changed. To be an effective management option, the survival rate of hooked and returned fish must be high. The overall survival rates were high: 76% for chinook salmon and 70% for coho salmon. There was no significant difference in survival of the coho salmon with size of hook used ( P = 0.31). Any mortality among fish was generally acute; fish hooked deep in the mouth or gills generally bled and died shortly after capture. Fish hooked in the gills had a significantly greater mortality ( P = 0.0002). The overall high survival rate for these species was the result of a small proportion of fish being hooked in the gills or deep in the mouth. Since the survival rate of the salmon was high, the size limit could be increased to allow smaller fish to grow to sizes preferred by sport fishermen.     

不同脂肪源对异育银鲫生长性能、机体成分、血清生化指标、体组织脂肪酸组成及脂质代谢的影响

试验以异育银鲫为研究对象,分别以日粮中添加5.4%鱼油、5.4%豆油、5.4%菜籽油、5.4%亚麻油为脂肪源,选择健康、规格、体质量基本一致的异育银鲫336尾,随机分为4组,每组3个重复、在可控温循环流水圆形蓄养槽内进行为期64 d的投喂试验,探讨不同脂肪源对异育银鲫生长、体成分及血清生化指标的影响。试验结果表明:豆油组及菜籽油组增重率、特定生长率显著高于鱼油组,豆油组肥满度显著低于鱼油组及亚麻油组,各试验组末均体质量、饲料系数、肝体比及脏体比均没有显著差异(P>0.05);各组间肌肉水分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白及粗灰分均无显著差异(P>0.05);不同饲料脂肪源对鱼体肌肉脂肪酸组成有显著影响,并且鱼体脂肪酸的组成与饲料脂肪酸的组成有很大相关性,其中鱼油组与菜籽油组有极显著相关性(P<0.01),豆油组显著相关(P<0.05);鱼油组的血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶及碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其它组(P<0.05);各试验组间胰岛素、皮质醇、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、白球比、血糖、胆固醇及甘油三酯均无显著差异(P>0.05);各组肉碱软脂酰基转移酶-Ⅰ(CPT-Ⅰ)、肉碱软脂酰基转移酶-Ⅱ(CPT-Ⅱ)、脂肪酶、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)及脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)均无显著差异(P>0.05)。因此,日粮中添加一定量的豆油、菜籽油或亚麻油同样能取得良好的生长效果,为以后生产中以菜籽油或亚麻油替代豆油或鱼油提供了理论依据,节约了生产成本。     

Variation in productivity of a key snapper,Chrysophrys auratus,fishery related to recruitment and fleet dynamics

Abstract Temporal variation in production of the Chrysophrys auratus (Forster) fishery of Northern Spencer Gulf, South Australia, between 1984 and 2009 was investigated using commercial fishery statistics and estimates of age and size structures from market sampling. Fishery production was divisible into two periods, i.e. from 1984 to early 2000s and the middle to late 2000s. During the former, cycles in production were relatable to variable fishable biomass. Age structures that displayed considerable differences in age class strength reflected interannual variation in juvenile recruitment, which resulted in high variability in the strength of year classes entering the fishery. Periodic strong year classes were the major influence on fishable biomass as they passed through the population over numerous years. For the latter period, fishery statistics were conflicting as catches and effort were relatively low, whilst the estimates of catch per unit effort (CPUE) were consistently high. These statistics reflect a considerable change to the structure of the fishery that involved a reduction in number of fishers and fishing effort. The fishery statistics may indicate hyperstability, with CPUE estimates remaining high despite declining biomass because of the aggregative behaviour of the fish and the efficiency of remaining fishers.     

Effect of Stock Density and Ploidy in Jundia,Rhamdia quelen,Larvae Performance

The performance (growth and survival) of diploid and triploid jundia, Rhamdia quelen, was evaluated at six different stocking densities (10, 60, 110, 160, 210, 260 larvae/liter) during 31 days after rearing in an intensive larviculture system. Triploid fish exhibited a significantly higher survival rate than diploids at all stocking densities (27.1 ± 4.3% vs. 12.1 ± 3.3%; P < 0.01). Survival was not affected by stocking density (P > 0.05). Length gain was not affected by either ploidy or stocking density. Diploid fish gained more weight than triploids (P < 0.05), though this difference could result from lower fish densities in diploid treatments resulting from the higher mortality rate of diploid fish. This hypothesis is strengthened by the higher biomass present in triploid treatments (P < 0.01).     

黄河宁蒙段鱼类多样性研究

为了解黄河宁蒙段鱼类的生存状况,2008年5～6月和2009年5～6月在吴忠、陶乐和磴口3县13点对该河段的鱼类资源进行了2次调查。结果表明,黄河宁蒙段渔获物以小型黄河鮈（Gobio huanghensis）为主,占到总数量的58.8%,兰州鲇（Silurus lanzhouensis）仅占总数的5.9%;鱼类年龄结构...     

瀑布沟水电站成库后鱼类组成变化与保护对策

通过探究瀑布沟水电站建成后鱼类物种结构与建库前的相应变化,为有针对性的生态补偿措施提供参考,还可为西部地区水电开发与自然生态保护的协调发展提供宏观决策依据。基于1985年、2002年和2012年在瀑布沟库尾至坝下河段的调查数据,研究了瀑布沟水电站水库形成前后库区鱼类物种组成、渔获物结构以及保护物种分布的变化趋势。2012年库区调查共采集到鱼类14种,相比1985年和2002年分别减少了53种和51种,群落组成中定居性鱼类物种比例及渔获物比例均显著上升,适应流水环境的鱼类所占比例大幅下降。渔获物中优势物种为鲫(Carassius auratus),占渔获总重量的比例为61.59%,而在前2次调查中占据优势的齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)和重口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax davidi)几近消失。研究结果显示,水库形成后鱼类组成已发生显著改变,适应流水生境的鱼类在库区难以捕获,而静水性鱼类比例则显著升高;重口裂腹鱼等保护物种以及四川白甲鱼(Onychostoma angustistomata)等特有鱼类因水文条件的变化总体上表现为资源量下降,同时分布区域向坝下或库尾等流域生境迁移。针对成库后鱼类物种的变化特征,提出了实施生态保护、规划过鱼设施以及开展增殖放流等措施和建议。     

Status of the fishery of Pimbmrettewa wewa, a man-made lake in Sri Lanka

Abstract. The status of the fishery of Pimburctlewa wewu, a man-made lake in Sri Lanka, was studied from January 1985 to January 1986. The annual fish yield in the reservoir is 441 kg/ha, one of the highest in the south-east Asian region. Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters) is the dominant species in the fishery and accounted for about 90% by weight of the total catch. Although there were monthly variations in catch per unit effort, the daily catch per fisherman was not adversely affected. A possibility of having a more productive fishery is suggested In reducing The minimum permissible mesh size in the gillnet fishery during the peak recruitment season in May–June. The possible effects of reducing the mush size are discussed. Using the length-frequency data of O. mossambicus , the asymptotic length and the growth constant were estimated to be 39.3cm and 0.34 respectively. The estimates of total mortality (2.42). natural mortality (0–82) and mean selection length (24.6 cm) were based on these growth parameters Yield-per-recruit analysis indicated that the O. mossambictus fishery in the reservoir was optimally exploited.     

银盘水电站鱼类资源现状和缓解工程影响的保护措施探讨

2009年6月和10月对乌江下游银盘水电站工程影响区域的鱼类现状进行了调查,共采集到鱼类77种,其中鲤科鱼类有45种,占种类数的58.44%,鳅科10种,占12.99%,鲿科11种,占14.29%。从彭水至白马,鲤科鱼类所占比例逐渐增大,鲿科鱼类所占比例逐渐减小。优势种类数量排在前10位的依次为瓦氏黄颡鱼、鱼歺又、宜昌鳅鮀、大鳍鳠、圆筒吻鮈、蛇鮈、吻鮈、鲫、粗唇鮠和泉水鱼,它们占影响区域江段总数量的80.04%;质量优势种类依次为瓦氏黄颡鱼、铜鱼、吻鮈、南方鲇、圆筒吻鮈、鲤、大鳍鳠、墨头鱼、鲫和歺鱼又,它们占影响区域江段总质量的73.83%。结合工程建设造成的大坝阻隔,库区江段生境萎缩或丧失,以及坝下江段水文情势变化加剧、气体过饱和、下泄水温低等可能对鱼类资源产生影响的因素分析,提出增殖放流、过鱼设施建设、改进消能方案以及优化调度规程等多项保护措施,达到保护鱼类资源、促使工程影响区的生态环境呈良性循环的目的。     

Stock enhancement in a commercial mullet,Mugil cephalus L., fishery in Hawaii

Abstract This study showed that cultured striped mullet, Mugil cephalus L., released as juveniles can make a significant contribution to landings in an island commercial fishery. Following pilot hatchery releases from 1990 to 1993, striped mullet fisheries in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, USA, were sampled to recover cultured fish from the bay-wide catch. Direct sampling of 181 fishing trips resulted in recovery of 211 cultured striped mullet. By autumn 1994, cultured fish comprised 13.0% (2.8%) of the commercial mullet catch in Kaneohe Bay, and the percentage was increasing logarithmically. This study corroborated predictions from previous studies of juveniles about effects of release strategies on survival of cultured mullet. Following summer releases, recapture rates were strongly affected by fish size-at-release, with a critical release size of 60 mm total length (the smallest size released that was subsequently detected in the fishery). Over 30 000 juveniles stocked in 1990 (but not in a nursery habitat preferred by striped mullet) apparently suffered complete mortality.