Effects of high dietary vitamin A supplementation on tibial dyschondroplasia, skin pigmentation and growth performance in avian broilers

An experiment was conducted to study high dietary vitamin A on tibial dyschondroplasia, growth performance and skin pigmentation in broilers. One hundred and twenty Avian commercial broilers were randomly allotted to three treatments: group C (control group), in which broilers were fed basic diet containing vitamin A 5512IU/kg diet; group A, in which broilers were fed basic diet with addition vitamin A 35512IU/kg; group B, broilers were fed basic diet with supplement vitamin A 65512IU/kg. The experiment lasted 35d and at the end of the trial, broilers were killed and the right proximal tibiotarsi were dissected in longitudinal section for the assessment of TD incidence and TD index, skin from the same area of breast and tibia in broilers were collected to determine pigmentation. The results showed that a high level vitamin A significantly increased the rate of TD incidence and TD index, but middle level vitamin A did not have a significant effect on that. Both low and high retinoic acid decreased growth performance and skin pigmentation in broilers. It suggests that a high dietary vitamin A cause tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers, decreased growth performance and skin pigmentation. It is likely that the effect of vitamin A on TD is mediated through a depression of vitamin D status.     

维生素C、E及其交互作用对肉仔鸡生长性能及鸡肉品质的影响

本试验旨在研究维生素C、E(VC、VE)及其交互作用对肉仔鸡生长及其鸡肉品质的影响。试验采用4×4完全随机试验设计将800只1日龄健康的艾维茵肉仔鸡随机分成16个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复10只。其中,VE设4个添加水平,分别为50、100、200、400 mg/kg日粮,VC的添加水平为50、100、200、400 mg/kg日粮。结果表明:在生长前期(0～21 d),日粮VE、VC的添加量对肉仔鸡日增重均无显著影响(P>0.05),VE、VC的互作效应在生长前期对肉仔鸡日增重和料重比的影响均不显著(P>0.05),前期VE(200 mg/kg)×VC(50 mg/kg)组料重比最低;在生长后期(4～6周龄),日粮VE、VC的添加量对肉仔鸡日增重、料重比的影响均显著(P<0.05),VE、VC的互作效应对肉仔鸡生长后期日增重和料重比的影响均显著(P<0.05);不同的VE、VC处理组之间pH 45 min、pH 12h、pH 24 h值、肉色、肌间脂肪、最大剪切力的差异均不显著(P>0.05),且VE、VC之间无显著的互作效应(P>0.05);不同维生素E组之间的滴水损失率差异极显著(P<0.01),...     

外源添加谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡生长性能和胴体组成的影响

本试验旨在研究不同浓度谷氨酰胺(Gln)对内仔鸡生长性能、胴体特性和肉质的影响.选用1日龄Avian肉仔鸡360羽,随机分成4组,其中1组为对照组,喂基础日粮,另外3组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%的谷氨酰胺.每组选取18只鸡于42日龄屠宰取样.测定各项指标.结果表明,与对照组相比,各Gln添加组肉仔鸡采食量和日增重均有所增加,料重比有所下降,但差异不显著(P＞0.05);内仔鸡全净堂率、半净堂率、胸肌率和腿肌率均有所提高,其中1.0%和1.5%Gln组肉仔鸡半净堂率显著提高(P＜0.05),0.5%Gln组腿肌率显著提高(P＜0.05);皮脂厚和肌间脂肪含量有所降低(P＞0.05).表明外源添加谷氨酰胺具有提高肉仔鸡日增重、降低料重比,提高胸肌率和腿肌率,降低脂肪含量,改善肉仔鸡胴体组成的趋势,其中0.5%Gln添加量效果最佳.     

外源添加谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡生长性能反抗氧化指标的影响

选1日龄Avian肉仔鸡360羽,随机分成4组,试验组日粮分别添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%谷氨酰胺(Glutamine,Gln).对照组饲喂基础日粮,于42日龄进行屠宰取样,测定各项指标,结果表明:与对照组相比,添加0.5%谷氨酰胺组的日采食量和日增重均显著提高(P<0.05),试验各组的料重比都有所下降,但差异不显著;1.0%Gln组胸肌中MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),各试验组胸肌中SOD活力有升高的趋势;0.5%和1.0%Gln组血清中S0D和GSH-Px活力显著提高(P<0.05).说明饲粮中添加Gln有提高肉仔鸡生长性能和抗氧化能力的趋势,综合分析0.5%Gln添加组效果最佳.     

中草药对感染球虫病肉鸡生长性能和治疗效果的影响

文章旨在研究日粮添加中草药对感染球虫病的1～42 d肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、组织器官相对重量及治疗效果的影响。试验选择体重一致的1日龄Cobb肉仔鸡560只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复28只鸡。处理1组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理2组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药,处理3组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理4组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+65 mg/kg盐霉素,处理5组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药。试验进行42 d。球虫感染显著降低了1～21 d肉鸡日增重、料肉比和死亡率(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理1组肉鸡的日增重降低了40%(P <0.05)。日粮添加中草药后对球虫感染有缓解效果,处理5组比处理3组1～21 d肉鸡日增重提高了25%(P <0.05),料比降低了19.5%(P <0.05);处理5组较处理3组显著降低了22～42 d肉鸡日增重,提高了料肉比(P <0.05)。球虫感染添加中草药组(处理5)的胴体腹部脂肪含量最低(P <0.05)。处理3组鸡粪球虫卵数量在第5天最高,显著高于其他两个球虫感染组(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理4和5组显著提高了十二指肠的病变评分(P <0.05)。综上所述,1～42 d肉鸡日粮添加1 g/kg复合中草药添加剂混合物能适当缓解雏鸡球虫病感染的负面影响,混合中药添加剂对感染球虫肉鸡生长性能的改善及降低粪中球虫卵数量的作用与盐霉素相当。     

天然维生素E对肉仔鸡生产性能、肉品质和抗氧化性能的影响

本试验研究天然维生素E对肉仔鸡生产性能、肉品质和抗氧化性能的影响,并时其与化学合成维生素E的效果进行比较.选择480只1日龄健康罗斯308肉仔鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复15只鸡,分别饲喂基础日粮(未添加维生素E)中添加天然维生素E 60、120 mg/kg和180 mg/kg以及添加化工合成维生素E 60 mg/kg的试验日粮,试验期42 d.结果表明,添加天然维生素E的各试验组与化工合成维生素E组相比,肉仔鸡全期的平均日增重、平均日采食量和饲料转化率均无显著差异(P>0.05);对肉品质的测定结果中,肌肉pH值、肉色、嫩度以及保水性也无显著影响(P>O.05);对血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的影响无显著差异(P>O.05).化工合成维生素E组的丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著高于各天然维生素E组(P0.05),表明天然维生素E组提高了机体的抗氧化能力.     

大豆寡糖对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响

在玉米-大豆浓缩蛋白型低寡糖基础日粮中分别添加0%、0．5%、1．00％或2．00％的大豆寡糖（水苏糖含量为83．7％）,研究了不同添加量大豆寡糖对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响。选用192只1日龄AA肉公鸡,随机分成4个处理组,每个处理设6个笼（重复）,每笼8只鸡。结果表明：大豆寡糖对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响存在剂量反应关系,低剂量表现为促进作用,高剂量则表现为抑制作用;而且生长前期剂量反应程度强于生长后期。添加0．50％大豆寡糖,使1～21日龄生长阶段肉仔鸡的ADG比对照组显著提高了6．16％（P〈0．05）;使22～42日龄、1～42日龄的ADG和1～21日龄、22～42日龄、1～42日龄的ADFI有增加的趋势,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）;添加1．00％大豆寡糖,使22～42日龄、1～42日龄肉仔鸡的ADG和22～42日龄、1～42日龄的ADFI及F／G有增加的趋势,使1～21日龄的ADG和ADFI有降低的趋势,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）;添加2．00％大豆寡糖,使1～21日龄、1～42日龄的ADG显著降低了11．13％和5．75％（P〈0．05）,1～21日龄的F/G显著增加了8．67%（P〈0．05）;22～42日龄的ADG和1～21日龄、22～42日龄、1～42日龄的ADFI有下降的趋势,22～42日龄、1～42日龄的F／G有增加的趋势,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。     

Effects of dietary vitamin E and fat supplementation on pork quality

The effects of dietary vitamin E (VE, alpha-tocopherol acetate) and fat supplementation on growth and carcass quality characteristics, oxidative stability of fresh and cooked pork patty in storage, fatty acid profiles of muscle and adipose tissue, and VE concentrations of plasma, muscle, and adipose tissue were studied. Six hundred pigs were allocated to 1 of 6 diets and fed for 63 d in a 3 x 2 factorial design. The dietary treatments included 3 fat levels (normal corn, high oil corn, high oil corn plus added beef tallow) and 2 levels of VE supplementation (40 IU/kg, normal VE supplementation; and 200 IU/kg, high VE supplementation). At 113 kg of BW, 54 pigs were slaughtered as a subsample to evaluate dietary effects on pork quality. Growth performance and meat quality characteristics did not differ (P > 0.05) among treatment groups. The high level of VE supplementation had a beneficial effect on the oxidative stability of pork as indicated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values. Lean tissue had lower (P < 0.05) TBARS in the group fed the high VE than in those fed the normal VE level. The TBARS values differed among storage periods (0 to 6 d) and also between fresh and cooked ground ham. Fat type did not significantly affect total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids proportions in the neutral and polar fraction of muscle. Adding VE acetate led to greater (P < 0.05) monounsaturated and total unsaturated fatty acid proportions in neutral lipids of muscle and adipose tissues. Increasing dietary levels of VE acetate increased the concentration of VE in plasma and muscle. These results indicate that dietary VE acetate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) lipid stability and the VE concentration of muscle.     

Effects of vitamin E and selenium supplementation on blood lipid peroxidation and cortisol concentration in dairy cows undergoing omentopexy

Twenty dairy cows with left abomasal displacement were used to investigate the effects of vitamin E and selenium treatment on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and blood cortisol in dairy cows stressed by omentopexy. The cows were randomly divided into two groups. Ten hours before surgery 6 g of DL‐α‐tocopheryl acetate (6 mg/kg) and 67 mg of natrium selenite (0.1 mg/kg) in volume of 40 ml (Vitaselen^®) were administered subcutaneously to 10 cows; the control animals (n = 10) received an equivalent volume of injectable water (40 ml). The injection of vitamin E and selenium produced a rapid rise (p < .05) in blood α‐tocopherol and selenium concentrations. The serum vitamin E increased several times 10 hr after vitamin E and Se injection and raised continuously to the highest average concentration 21.6 mg/L at hr 24 after the surgery. The highest selenium concentration was seen 10 hr after selenium administration with holding the increased concentrations in comparison with initial ones during the whole study. Two‐way ANOVA did not show significant treatment effect on plasma concentrations TBARS in the study. The plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances reached the maximum value of 0.18 μmol/L in the control group 5 hr after the surgery. Twenty‐four hours after the surgery, the TBARS values returned to the initial ones. Serum cortisol increased in both groups after surgery. The highest cortisol concentrations were reached at 1 hr after surgery in the experimental and control group (56.7 ± 28.8 and 65.3 ± 26.1 μg/L respectively). A return to the levels similar to the initial ones was recognized 24 hr after the surgery. The ANOVA revealed a significant effect of vitamin E and selenium injection on plasma cortisol (p < .05). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that abdominal surgery resulted in typical stress changes with no significant effects of a single vitamin E/Se injection on blood lipid peroxidation. In addition, a weaker cortisol response to the abdominal surgery was recognized in animals treated with vitamin E and selenium.     

Effects of dietary mineral supplementation on the performance and mineral retentions of broilers at high ambient temperatures

1. The relationship between broiler performance and two dietary mineral balance equations was investigated at a high constant ambient temperature (30°C) using a range of 11 salt supplements given to male broiler chicks from 21 to 42 d of age.

2. No relationship was found between broiler performance and either of the two balance equations.

3. Re‐evaluating these equations using retained, rather than dietary, mineral concentrations did not improve the relationship although changes in mineral retentions associated with the supplements indicated that dietary concentrations were not a good indicator of the impact of the diet on the bird's acid‐base homoeostasis.

4. Evidence was found that metabolisable anions supplemented in association with mineral cations may have a significant effect on broiler performance.     

Effects of vitamin C supplementation on growth performance and antioxidant status of layer ducklings

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary vitamin C supplements on growth performance, antioxidant status and humoral immunity of layer ducklings. The results showed that the body weight and daily body weight gain of ducklings increased (p < 0.05) with increasing dietary vitamin C supplementations and reached a maximum at 400 mg vitamin C/kg feed. The dietary vitamin C supplementations reduced the malondialdehyde concentration (p < 0.05) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05) in serum and liver of ducklings at day 5 and 28. Additionally, feeding 400 mg/kg or 800 mg vitamin C/kg feed increased IgM and IgA concentrations in sera (p < 0.05) and serum IgG concentrations increased (p < 0.05) following supplementation in concentrations of 150-800 mg vitamin C/kg feed. In conclusion, the results suggested that dietary vitamin C supplements of 400 mg/kg feed provide optimal effects on growth performance, antioxidant status and parameters of humoral immunity.     

Effects of dietary oleuropein supplementation on growth performance,serum lipid concentrations and lipid oxidation of Japanese quails

An in vivo experiment was conducted to compare the effects of dietary supplementation with oleuropein and/or α‐tocopheryl acetate on growth performance, serum lipid concentrations and lipid oxidation of Japanese quail meat during refrigerated storage. Performance and slaughtering parameters were not affected by dietary treatments. The diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 150 or 200 mg/kg were more effective in delaying lipid oxidation in breast and thigh meats compared with the control diet. The dietary inclusion of neither vitamin E nor oleuropein at different levels did not significantly affect the fatty acid compositions of the breast meat compared with the control diet. The diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 150 or 200 mg/kg had significantly the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid and omega‐3 fatty acid contents in thigh meat compared with the vitamin E diet. The ratio of omega‐6 fatty acids to omega‐3 FAs in thigh meat of quails fed diet supplemented with vitamin E at the level of 200 mg/kg was equivalent to those of quails fed the diets supplemented with oleuropein at the levels of 100 and 150 mg/kg . The results showed that the dietary oleuropein supplementation at 150 mg/kg level may be used in quail diets enriched with the polyunsaturated fatty acids of vitamin E as a natural antioxidant.     

Effects of dietary vitamin E and C supplementation on heart failure in fast growing commercial broiler chickens

1. It has recently been shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure (CHF) in broiler chickens. Vitamins E and C, common antioxidants, have been advocated for the prevention of heart failure in humans. The present study examines the effects of supplementation of these vitamins on incidence of CHF and prevention of oxidative stress in the myocardium.

2. Commercial male broilers were randomly allocated to three experimental groups and, respectively, offered commercial broiler diet (control), commercial diets fortified with vitamin E (960 IU/kg) or vitamin C (400 mg/kg). The broilers were monitored daily for overt signs of heart failure and clinical data including ECG and blood gas analysis were collected periodically. Lipid peroxidation was measured in cardiac tissues from apparently normal broilers and broilers developing CHF in each group using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay.

3. Overall, the incidence of CHF in broilers given diets fortified with vitamin E or vitamin C was not significantly different as compared to the control group. The incidence of overt signs of hypoxaemia was lower in the vitamin C group than in the control group. Lipid peroxidation was highest in broilers that developed CHF as compared to apparently normal broilers fed either vitamin E or C fortified diets. Neither vitamin E nor vitamin C was effective in preventing oxidative damage in broilers that developed CHF.

4. In conclusion, the present study confirmed that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure in broilers, but dietary supplementation of antioxidant vitamins did not prevent oxidative damage in broilers that developed CHF. Beneficial effects of vitamin C supplementation were evidenced by lower incidence of hypoxaemia, and the tendency to reduce the susceptibility of broilers to heart failure. However, vitamin E did not have any impact on clinical status or the incidence of CHF.     

Responses of weanling pigs to dietary supplementation with vitamin C or carbadox

A 2 X 2 factorial arrangement with two levels (0, 660 ppm) of vitamin C and two levels (0, 55 ppm) of carbadox supplementation was used in two experiments with 112 crossbred pigs weaned between 4 and 5 wk of age. An 18% protein corn-soybean meal-oats-dried whey starter diet was used as the basal diet. Each diet was fed ad libitum for a 4-wk period to three replicates of four pigs in Exp. 1 and to four replicates of four pigs in Exp. 2. Vitamin C supplementation produced a significantly higher plasma vitamin C concentration in weanling pigs, but, contrary to results of our previous study, failed to improve average daily gain of the pigs. Daily gain was, however, improved significantly by carbadox supplementation. Carbadox also produced a significantly higher plasma vitamin C concentration in pigs after a 7-d lag period. Plasma Fe concentration of pigs was not affected by supplemental vitamin C, but was significantly higher in those fed carbadox-supplemented diets. Plasma ceruloplasmin concentration increased significantly in all treatment groups from the initial sampling period (d 0) to subsequent periods. No interactions between supplemental vitamin C and carbadox were observed in daily gain, feed efficiency and the measured plasma constituents.     

植酸酶对肉鸡生长性能及饲粮养分利用率的影响

饲养试验选用1日龄的良凤花鸡600羽,随机分为4组(每组设3个重复,每个重复50羽),A组为对照组,饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,B、C、D组的饲粮为分别以300、500、700 U/kg的植酸酶取代基础饲粮中的30%、50%、70%的磷酸氢钙。结果表明:0～4周龄,与对照组相比,C和D组平均日增重(ADG)分别极显著提高6.29%(P<0.01)和8.27%(P<0.01);平均料重比(F/G),组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。5～8周龄,与对照组相比,B、C和D组的ADG分别有所提高,F/G有所下降,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。B、C、D组鸡血清钙、磷、白蛋白、总蛋白、球蛋白含量随着植酸酶添加量的增加呈上升趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);血清碱性磷酸酶活性随着植酸酶的添加而呈降低趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。消化代谢试验结果表明,添加不同水平的植酸酶替代饲粮不同比例的磷酸氢钙,肉鸡饲粮干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、钙和能量的表观代谢率虽然比对照组有所改善,但差异不显著(P>0.05);而磷的表观吸收率分别比对照组显著提高了25.39%～32.48%(P<0.01)。     

间歇光照对肉鸡体内脂质过氧化作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响

低温诱发肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征（PHS）,动态观察限制光照对肉鸡PHS发病率及体内脂质过氧化作用的影响。将320羽1日龄肉鸡随机分为4组。常温组按常规饲养,24 h连续光照。3个低温组从14日龄起逐步降温诱发PHS,并于9～30日龄分别在夜间停止光照0、35、h。结果,低温组PHS发病率、右心全心比（RV/TV）、肺厚壁末梢血管百分率（%TWPV）和丙二醛（MDA）水平显著升高,而血浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性降低。限制光照组SOD活性升高而PHS发病率、RV/TV、TWPV和MDA显著降低。间歇光照组早期生长速度减慢,后期体质量得到补偿性增长,并在44日龄与连续光照组差异不显著。这一结果表明,减轻体内脂质过氧化作用,提高机体抗氧化酶活性并减轻以非肌型肺动脉肌型化为特征的肺血管重构,可能是限制光照使肉鸡PHS发病率降低的机理之一。     

Effects of supplementation of beta-glucan on the growth performance and immunity in broilers

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of beta-glucan on commercial broilers. In experiment 1, one hundred and forty-four broiler chicks were employed in a 2x3 factorial design with cage and open floor housing with three levels of beta-glucan viz. 0%, 0.02% and 0.04%. In experiment 2, ninety-six broilers were used with 4 treatments: No beta-glucan and antibiotic (T1), beta-glucan 0.03% (T2), antibiotic (T3), and beta-glucan 0.03% + antibiotic (T4) for 34 d with 3 replicates of 8 chicks each in both studies. During experiment 1 there was no significant effect of the feeding system or the beta-glucan levels on the performance from 0 to 17 d but during 18-34 days birds housed on the open floor had significantly (p<0.0001) higher weight gain compared with those in cages. In experiment 2, no significant effect was noticed on the weight gains when the effect of beta-glucan, antibiotic or their interaction were tested. The retention of dry matter increased in both experiments with beta-glucan supplementation. The CD8 and TCR 1 cells were significantly higher in the 0.04% beta-glucan group at 42 days as compared with the control. It could be concluded that beta-glucan supplementation was beneficial for broilers.     

Effect of vitamin E supplementation on lipid peroxidation in blood and lung of influenza virus infected mice

The influenza virus infection (A/Aichi/2/68) was associated with development of oxidative stress in lung and blood of mice, accompanied by an increase in levels of lipid peroxidation products (conjugated dienes and total malondialdehyde) and a decrease in endogenous amounts of natural antioxidant vitamin E. These effects were most pronounced on the 5th day after virus inoculation, in comparison with those on the 7th. Supplementation of mice with exogenous vitamin E before virus inoculation lead to lung and blood protection against lipid peroxidation. A marked decrease in lipid peroxidation products and an increase in vitamin E content was established in blood and lung on the 5th and 7th day after virus inoculation. The stabilizing effect of vitamin E is dose-dependent in blood and dose-independent in lung, and was most pronounced on the 5th day after virus inoculation in comparison with the 7th day.     

Dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation does not impair vitamin E status or promote lipid peroxidation in growing horses

Omega-3 (n-3; ω-3) fatty acids (FA) are often included in the diet for their potential health benefits. However, because oxidative potential is increased with the degree of unsaturation in vitro, polyunsaturated FA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) may be at increased risk of lipid peroxidation. We aimed to determine the effects of dietary n-3 FA supplementation on antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in yearling horses. Quarter Horses (mean ± SEM; 14.6 ± 0.2 mo) were randomly assigned to receive no n-3 FA supplementation (CON; n = 6) or 60 mg n-3/kg body weight from milled flaxseed (FLAX; n = 6) or encapsulated fish oil (FISH; n = 6). All horses received a basal diet of mixed grain concentrate fed individually at 1.5% body weight (dry matter basis) and ad libitum bahiagrass pasture forage. Blood samples were obtained before and after 70 d of supplementation to evaluate vitamin E, selenium, lipids, antioxidant status, and oxidative stress. Data were analyzed using a mixed model ANOVA with repeated measures. Supplementation with n-3 FA did not reduce serum vitamin E or Se and, in fact, elevated (P ≤ 0.0003) vitamin E status in FISH horses. At day 70, serum triglycerides were lower in FISH and FLAX horses than CON horses (P ≤ 0.02) and F2-isoprostanes were lower in FISH than CON horses (P = 0.0002). Dietary n-3 FA had no effect on cholesterol, reduced and oxidized glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. In growing horses fed to meet their vitamin E requirements, supplementation with 60 mg n-3/kg body weight did not negatively affect vitamin E status or promote lipid peroxidation. Elevated vitamin E status in horses fed FISH, coupled with lower serum F2-isoprostanes, further suggest that the longer-chain, highly unsaturated n-3 FA, EPA and DHA, may actually attenuate lipid peroxidation.     

锌和维生素C对热应激条件下肉鸡生长性能和免疫反应的影响

文章旨在研究日粮单独或联合使用锌和维生素C对高温条件下肉鸡生长性能和免疫反应的影响。试验选择320只1d肉仔鸡,根据体重随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮(锌含量为40mg/kg),处理1组在基础日粮中添加60mg/kg锌,处理2组在基础日粮中添加200mg维生素C,处理3组在基础日粮中添加60mg/kg锌+300mg/kg维生素C,试验共开展35d。在试验第21~35天对鸡只进行热应激诱导,即25℃12h,25~34℃3h,34℃6h,34~25℃3h。结果显示:处理组较对照组均显著提高了肉鸡的采食量、体增重(P<0.05),显著降低了料比(P<0.05)。日粮同时添加锌和维生素C组肉鸡采食量和体增重最高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,日粮添加60mg/kg锌、200mg/kg维生素C或锌和维生素C联合使用的肉鸡脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊重量显著提高(P<0.05)。60mg/kg锌+200mg/kg维生素C和200mg/kg维生素C组较对照组显著提高了新城疫、传染性法氏囊炎和传染性支气管炎的抗体滴度(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,60mg/kg锌+200mg/kg维生素C、200mg/kg维生素C组和60mg/kg锌组显著提高了血液白细胞总数、淋巴细胞和单核细胞占比(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,日粮单独或联合添加锌和维生素C均可显著改善热应激条件下肉鸡的生长性能和免疫状态。