Study on Treatment and Utilization of Industrial Solid Wastes after Completion of Three Gorges Reservoir of Yangtze River

After completion of Three Gorges Reservoir at Yangtze River, protecting and improving the ecological environment of this area is becoming increasingly important factor in comprehensive progress of the economy and society of Chongqing City. The industrial solid wastes are one of the crucial factors influencing the environment quality of Three Gorges Area and they are also the hot and difficult problems influencing the development of economy and society of Chongqing City. At this point, firstly, the discharge, present situation, prospect and development of treatment and utilization of industrial wastes in Chongqing are summarized. Secondly, the experience at home and abroad are analyzed. Then, the way and foreground for recycling the wastes with new technology are also discussed. Finally, countermeasure for treatment and utilization of industrial solid wastes after completion of Three Gorges Reservoir at Yangtze River is brought up. The study on treatment and utilization technology of industrial solid wastes will be beneficial not only to the protection of ecological environment of Three Gorges Area, but to the development of new Chongqing City as well. In a word, it will have great environmental, social and economic benefits.     

新型城镇化背景下长三角城市群产城融合路径探讨

产城融合是针对城镇化推进的形势和问题提出的新理念,作为产城融合进程中产业繁荣的投入要素和城市建设的服务对象,人的发展是产城融合的出发点和根本落脚点。因此在人本视角下以产-城-人系统协同发展为导向探究区域产城融合进程和路径具有重要意义。基于城市建设、产业发展和人的发展三者的内在作用机制,利用熵权法将长三角城市群的产城融合划分为8种类型。结果表明,人本导向下产业繁荣、城市建设和人的发展三维产城融合发展体系存在内部协同机制,各地在新型城镇化建设过程中应当充分考虑三者之间的联系,建立和谐互促的良好发展体系。此外,各城市间的产城融合发展情况具有较为明显的差异性,实现产城人和谐发展的切入点因而有所不同。各城市应当结合自身产、城、人的发展现状,因地制宜地完善发展战略,进一步推进新型城镇化进程。     

Present Situation and Countermeasure of Water Pollution in Yulin River, Yubei District, Chongqing

Yulin River is the major secondary stream of Three Gorges Reservoir Area. According to the requirement of "The Prevention Plan of Water Pollution in Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the Upper Areas (2001-2010)", the water environment pollution in Yulin River valley should be controlled. In this paper the reason of the water pollution is analyzed through investigation and evaluation on the present situation of Yulin River in North Chongqing area, and then a proposal on the prevention and cure measure of water pollution of Yulin River is presented.     

Analysis of the Sediment Development and Trend In Jinshajiang River Drainage Area

Jinshajiang River, which has a drainage area of 485,100 Km 2, average flux of 142.9 billion m 3, and soil conveyance of 247 million t/a, is the largest branch of Changjiang river. It is also the largest soil resource of the Three Gorges reservoir and upper reach of Changjiang River. To research the development and trend of Jinshajiang sediment not only has a relation to Jinshajiang water resource strategy, but also has important meaning to control the silt in Three Gorges reservoir and the Changjiang water resource development. The paper statistically analyses the flux and sediment conveyance of the Pingshan station, which is the primary hydrological station in the Jinshajiang River Drainage Area. Through several non-parameter statistical methods such as Spearman order correlativity check, Kendell order correlativity check, and linear regression check, the paper concludes that the sediment evolvement trend of Pingshan station is not distinct.     

The Coupling of Landscape Pattern and Landscape Esthetics of Urban Traditional Cultural Tourism Destination: A Case Study of Confucius Temple-Qinhuai River Scenic Area in Nanjing City

Study on the relationship between landscape beauty and ecological beauty is an important scientifi c problem that refl ects the nature of man-land relation, and current academic researches on this topic are most based on a single perspective. Therefore, this paper took the Confucius Temple–Qinhuai River Scenic Area in Nanjing City as a typical case of urban traditional cultural tourism destination, adopted landscape pattern indexes and balanced incomplete block comparison and evaluation method as the evaluation standards of ecological beauty and landscape beauty, and analyzed the coupling characteristics and rules of landscape pattern and landscape aesthetics. The results showed that(a) The overall landscape of the study area had higher fragmentation degree, but different landscape groups were infl uenced by different human interventions, landscape patches showed moderate diversity and heterogeneity, patch area, spatial distribution and spatial aggregation degree showed structural differences.(b) The locals and visitors had aesthetic perception of the study area, but preferred the beautiful natural scenery of the Qinhuai River, as well as the historical buildings and cultural landscapes that contain rich memories of the city.(c) Landscape pattern and landscape aesthetics showed coupled complementation and harmonious coexistence. The Confucius Temple–Qinhuai River Scenic Area has profound historical and cultural background, but it has witnessed gradual loss of cultural characteristics and fast "delocalization" against the background of rapid urbanization. As an urban traditional cultural tourism destination, it carries the responsibility of protecting city memories and inheriting regional cultures.     

Research on Development of Lateral Aviation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River

There is a promising future for lateral aviation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River because of the abundant natural and cultural tourism resources.The advantage of the lateral aviation is its low investment,convenience,speed,and wide service area.It is an important factor for the future development of tourism in cities in this area.This paper analyzes the realities and problems facing lateral aviation in this area and suggests some countermeasures and planning suggestions for lateral aviation development.     

“City-Scene” Characteristics and Optimization Strategies Research on Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Post-Three Gorges Era

In the long-term symbiotic evolution process,the town areas along the Yangtze River and its natural and cultural landscapes have presented a sound "city-scene" landscape form. But with the implementation of the Three Gorges project,the town relocation as well as the flooding in the natural and human landscape area,the original harmonious "city-scene" pattern started to collapse and fell into the situation of "fragmentation" and "islanding". The differentiation between city and landscape,uncoordinated scale and fractured urban context become pressing issues that affect the integral form optimization of the town areas. This paper aims at responding to the call of the government about proceeding the construction of the Yangtze River economic belt under the ecological and green strategy and seeking an attuned "cityscene" relationship of the town area. Based on the analysis of the dynamic evolution of the "city-scene" relationship,the paper also pointed out that the urban construction around the reservoir area in the postThree Gorges era was the key stage of "scene-city" integration and symbiosis while the maintenance of scenery pattern,the harmony of space scale and the protection of living culture should be applied as the vital strategies.     

区域城市化阶段划分与粮食播种面积变化

为了明确三峡库区（重庆段）各区（县）城市化阶段与粮食播种面积变化驱动力分区,并明确对应城市化阶段与粮食播种面积变化驱动力分区之间的关系,笔者运用了统计分析法、层次分析法、模糊综合评价法进行研究。研究结果表明：（1）研究区城市化率增长速度快,根据城市化率确定了不同时期各区（县）所处的城市化阶段;（2）粮食播种面积总体上呈现下降趋势与“适度增加—急剧减少—小幅增加—小幅减少”的状态,并且区（县）差异明显;（3）粮食播种面积驱动力空间分区可分为最优型经济福利—生态安全驱动区、最优型经济福利—粮食安全驱动区、生存型经济福利—粮食安全驱动区;（4）确定了研究区城市化阶段与粮食播种面积变化驱动力分区的对应关系。此项研究有利于缓和粮食安全保障与经济发展的矛盾,也可为研究区制定差异化的粮食安全保障措施提供参考。     

Typology-based Vitality Promotion of Urban Waterfront Public Space in the Three Gorges Reservoir

Revitalization of waterfront-a precious resource of city has gradually become popular worldwide. Cities around the Three Gorges Reservoir grow and proper for the Yangtze River,thus waterfront in these cities has been long ignored or faced with "constructive destruction" with the city development. This paper divided urban waterfront public spaces around the Three Gorges into 3 kinds of spaces,namely point,line and surface,from the perspective of typology,and put forward strategies such as functional renovation,and improvement of spatial scale from the perspectives of land use and traffic,to enhance the vitality of waterfront public space.     

Discussion on Water Environment Problems and WaterEnvironment Protection Countermeasure in Three Gorges Area

The present status of water environment in three gorges area of Yangtze River is analyzed in this paper.The importance to enhance water environment protection and ecology environment protection in Three Gorges area of Yangtze River is also discussed in this paper. Some suggestions about water environment protection and ecology environment protection in Three Gorges of Yangtze River are also provided . Finally, the environment constructional targets to let clear water mirror on Three Gorges area of Yangtze River again are put forward.     

Discussion about the Comprehensive Harnessing the Water Environment for Yulin River Valley

With the comprehensive harnessing the Yulin River in Chongqing, the harnessing model of the secondary rivers in Three Gorges Reservoir Area is discussed. It is believed that as for the comprehensive harnessing the water environment, the valley should be considered as a unit based on the whole ecosystem in the valley and the comprehensive consideration of the factors, influencing the ecology, resources, economy is needed in planning, protecting, improving and utilizing the water environment, in order to realize the sustainable development of the water environment in the valley. Moreover, the object, principles, measures of comprehensive harnessing the water environment in the valley were given.     

Nonlinear Science and Control about the Geological Hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Such the geological hazards as landslide, rockfall, debris-flow and so on frequently occur in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, so it is a very practical and immediate job to explore the mechanism caused the geological hazards and how to forecast and control the geological hazards. For this reason, this paper introduces the situation of the geological hazards occurred in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the major type and feature of the geological hazards occurred in Chongqing, and discusses the basic principle about the modern nonlinear science applied to the geological hazards and the creep-slip, stick-slip occurred on the joints of rock mass and the monitoring technology of the geological hazards.The basic thinking is put forward which can be applied the modern nonlinear science to the geological hazards occurred in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.     

PAHs Concentration Level Evaluation of Water Purification Plants in Three Gorges Area

With GC/MS Approach, PAHs in raw water and effluent of six water purification plants in Three Gorges Reservoir Area are analyzed quantificationally. Six species of PAHs such as acenaphthene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, fluoranthene and acenaphthylene are determined. Of which, fluoranthene is priority pollutant firstly listed by SEPA. The results show that there are several variety of PAHs in raw water and effluent in water purification plants of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, but on the whole, PAHs concentration level is low. The results also show that PAHs removal capacity of conventional water treatment techniques is poor.     

Geological Disasters and Their Damage in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

In this paper, the possible geological disasters in Three Gorges Reservoir Area are reviewed. Firstly, the types of geological disasters are classified and their influencing factors and growth characteristics are analyzed, then the damages, which have happened in this area up to now, are listed. On this basis, five aspects of dangers brought by geological disasters to society and economic environment are analyzed. Finally, a conclusion was drawn that the geological disasters in Three Gorges Reservoir Area have done some harms to this area and the situation becomes worse than before. So some reasonable measures should be taken quickly.     

Evolution and Development Characteristics of Streets in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

City street construction in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area has a specific character. Some streets have characteristics adapted to changing water levels in the reservoir and to topography. In this paper, we analyze the development course and building char     

基于PSR模型的珠三角都市农业生态安全综合评价

随着工业化、城镇化和现代化建设进程的加快,城市资源环境约束力不断加大,都市农业生态安全值得关注。报告在PSR模型的基础上构建了珠三角都市农业生态安全评价指标体系,运用综合指数法、熵值法和障碍度模型,对珠三角地区都市农业生态安全进行综合评价和相关障碍因素分析。结果表明：2006-2015年珠三角都市农业生态安全形势逐步好转;深圳和中山市的都市农业生态压力较大,东莞市的都市农业生态状态较差,肇庆和江门市的都市农业生态响应较弱;城镇化率、人均耕地面积等指标是当前影响珠三角都市生态安全的主要障碍因素。珠三角地区应大力加强耕地资源保护,继续推进城市生态环境和农业面源污染治理,从而保证都市农业生态安全的稳定发展。     

Analytical and Calculative Method of Stability of MingShan Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

After the dam of the Three Gorges is built, the raising water will inevitably cause the revival of the part of ancient landslide and the generation of new landslide ,which will influence the town development and traffic safety in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In the light of the specific conditions of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, this paper, taking Fengdu's MingShan landslide in Chongqing for an example, has considered ten typical calculative projects, offered the correspondent load systems acting on the sliding mass and put forward the analytical and calculative method to evaluate the stability of a landslide. The ten typical calculative projects include dry season(natural state), raining season (rainstorm or rain for a long period of time), dry season and water level (175m ) of the reservoir, raining season and water level (175 m) of the reservoir, dry season and earthquake, raining season and earthquake, dry season and water level (175 m ) of the reservoir and earthquake, raining season and water level (175 m) of the reservoir and earthquake, dry season and water level lowered from 175 m to 145 m, raining seasons and water level lowered from 175 m to 145 m, and so on.     

Analysis on Influence of Gases Generated by Anaerobic Fermentation of Solid Organic Wastes to Atmosphere in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

The gases generated by anaerobic fermentation of organic solid wastes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area are CH_4,CO_2,H_2S,NH_3,H_2 and some micro-gases.Data analysis shows that in the cities and towns of Three Gorges Reservoir Area,4 380 thousand tones of garbage,3 800 thousand tones of faecal were generated each year.In landfill of the garbage in average of 290 millions kg of CH_4 was generated,also in average of 230 millions kg of CH_4 was generated from the faecal.CH_4 is a very important greenhouse gas;the proportion of its contribution to greenhouse effect is next to CO_2.Other gases only have small influence on the whole atmospheric environment.     

Multilevel Fuzzy Theory Evaluation of the Tourism Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir

Complexity of mutual act and different sensation of different tourists are important factors influencing regional tourism resources evaluation. Fuzzy mathematic method can be used to up quantitative evaluation method on tourism resources evaluation. Taking Wushan Small Three Gorges as an example, the author carries out the evaluation of the tourism resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir. At the same time, the authors consider that five factors, such as improvement of the comunication of tourism resources, quickening the Steps of urbanization in reservior area, must be done well.     

Land supply and urbanization strategy in the Yangtze River Delta region,China

China's urbanization rate is increasing beyond sustainable levels because it has increased by approximately 1% every year in the last 30 years. As an important part of urban development, the selection of an urbanization strategy has been the focus of local governments. As such, local governments play an important role in urbanization processes by coordinating land supply and population growth. Using the 2009–2013 panel data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, this research tests the relationship between land supply and population growth to explore the urbanization strategy adopted by local governments. Simultaneous equation models for land supply and population growth are developed in this research. Empirical results identify land supply as the cause and population growth as the effect. Findings suggest that local governments in the YRD choose an aggressive strategy in urbanization which treats land as a tool for accelerating the urbanization.