Relationship between SNP of TNFR gene and incidence/severity of pneumonia

AIM：To analyze the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) gene and the incidence and severity of pneumonia. METHODS：Total 132 Chinese individuals were enrolled in this study. There were 66 patients with pneumonia and 66 healthy subjects. The SNPs of TNFR gene including TNFR1+36A/G, TNFR1-609G/T, TNFR2+676T/G, TNFR2+1663T/G, TNFR2 +1668A/G and TNFR2 +1690C/T were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism or gene sequencing for all subjects. Polymorphisms affecting pneumonia incidence and severity were calculated by SPSS. RESULTS：The frequencies of TNFR1-609G and T alleles in pneumonia patients were 40.9% and 59.1%, while those in healthy subjects were 53.8% and 46.2%. The frequency of TNFR1-609T in pneumonia patients was higher than that in healthy subjects (P<0.05). Besides, the frequencies of TNFR1-609G and T alleles in severe pneumonia patients were 25.0% and 75.0%, while those were 46.0% and 54.0% in non-severe pneumonia patients. The frequencies of TNFR2 +1690C and T alleles in severe pneumonia patients were 81.1% and 18.9%, while those were 61.0% and 39.0% in non-severe pneumonia patients. The frequencies of TNFR1-609T and TNFR2 +1690C in severity pneumonia subjects were higher than those in mild subjects (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：It appears that TNFR1-609T is associated with high incidence of pneumonia. TNFR1-609T and TNFR2+1690C are the risk factors of severity in pneumonia in Chinese.     

The association of paraoxonase 2 gene 311Cys/Ser polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by coronary heart disease

AIM:To study the association of the human paraoxonase 2(PON2)311Cys/Ser polymorphism genotypes and coronary heart disease(CHD)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(type 2 DM)in Chinese subjects of north area. METHODS:PON2-311 cysteine(C type)/serine(S type)polymorphism was determined using PCR and restriction mapping with Dde Ⅰ,in 75 elder pat ients with type 2 DM,39 with CHD,36 without CHD,and 38 normal elder controls.RESULTS:There was significant difference in frequencies of genotypes between CHD in type 2 DM group and normal control group(P<0.05).S allele frequencies of PON2-311Cys/Ser polymorphism in CHD in type 2 DM group were higher than that in control groups.The S allele of PON2-311Cys/Ser was a risk for developing CHD in type 2 DM(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.04-4.22,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The S allele of PON2-311Cys/Ser polymorphism is associated with CHD in type 2 DM.The dif erence of PON2-311Cys/Ser among various races was observed.     

Association between ERK5 -322G/T polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate the correlation between extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 ( ERK5 ) -322G/T polymorphism (rs3866958) and the susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in southern Chinese population. METHODS: ERK5 -322G/T genotypes were determined by Taqman-MGB probes in 835 CRC cases and 908 healthy controls. RESULTS: No significance of ERK5 -322G/T genotype distribution between CRC patients and controls was observed, but -322G/T decreased the susceptibility to CRC in fat people whose BMI was ≥ 24 kg/m². Compared to GG genotypes, the carriers with GT and TT genotypes had a significant decrease in the risk of CRC(OR=0.576,95%CI 0.413-0.804, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: ERK5 -322G/T polymorphism (rs3866958) has no significant relevance with sporadic CRC susceptibility, but decrease, the risk of CRC in people with fatness. The T variant genotype is an independent protective factor against sporadic CRC of overweight patients in southern Chinese population.     

Relationship of subclasses of serum HDL and Apo A-Ⅰ gene polymorphism in hyperlipidemia

AIM: To investigate apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ gene (Apo A-Ⅰ) polymorphism and its relationship with serum HDL subclasses in patients with hyperlipidemia (HL). METHODS: Apo A-Ⅰ genotype was assayed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The subclasses of serum HDL in 118 patients with hyperlipidemia and 109 healthy subjects were determined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis conjunction with immunodetection method. RESULTS: Both in HL group and the control group, G/G and C/C genotypes were the most frequent at －78 bp and ＋83 bp of Apo A-Ⅰ gene, respectively. The frequency of rare A allele at －78 bp in HL group was significantly higher than that in control group. In HL group, subjects with G/A mutation had higher serum levels of TG, Apo C-Ⅲ, pre β1-HDL and HDL3a, and lower levels of HDL2a and HDL2b compared to the subjects with G/G genotype. CONCLUSION: The G/A transition in the －78 bp position of the Apo A-Ⅰ gene promoter in patients with hyperlipidemia is associated with HDL subclasses. There is a general shift toward smaller sized HDL, which, in turn, indicates that HDL maturation might be abnormal.     

Correlation of adiponectin gene SNP+45 T/G polymorphism with coronary heart disease

AIM: To investigate the relationship between adiponectin gene SNP+45 polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) in south China Han population. METHODS: The nondiabetic CHD patients diagnosed by the coronary angiography were selected as CHD subjects (153 cases), and 73 healthy adults served as normal control subjects. The polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to identify the distribution pattern of adiponectin gene SNP+45 in all subjects. The levels of plasma adiponectin were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The frequency of T/G + G/G genotype and G allele in CHD patients were significantly higher than those in control subjects (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the adiponectin gene SNP+45 T/G+G/G genotype had a strong positive association with CHD (OR: 2.132, 95.0% CI: 1.034-4.397, P＜0.05). The plasma adiponectin was negatively associated with CHD (OR: 0.868, 95.0% CI: 0.785-0.959, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The T/G+ G/G genotype was a possible risk factor for CHD in southern China Han population.     

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of IL-1, IL-10 and TNF-β with rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population from Quanzhou

AIM: To explore the genetic characteristics of enrolled rheumatoid arthritis and genetic mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by studying the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population from a very high prevalence area of rheumatoid arthritis, Quanzhou. METHODS: A case-control study of 155 rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA group) and 170 normal controls (control group) from Quanzhou were enrolled. All of 5 SNPs were genotyped by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by SPSS 19.0. χ²-test was applied to predict Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and allele and genotype frequencies between RA group and control group were compared. Logistic regression models were used to analyze SNPs. Link disequilibrium analysis and haplotype analysis were performed with SHEsis software. RESULTS: Total of 1 SNP in control group was confirmed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test (P>0.05), and 1 SNP in RA group was confirmed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test (P>0.05). Allele frequencies of 4 SNPs were significantly different between control group and RA group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The SNPs of IL-10 rs1800893, IL-1β rs16944, TNF-β rs2009658 and TNF-β rs1041981 were associated with the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population of Quanzhou. Allele G of IL-10 rs1800893, allele G of IL-1β rs16944, allele C of TNF-β rs2009658 and allele C of TNF-β rs1041981 can be used as potential genetic markers for the diagnosis of RA in Quanzhou, Fujian.     

Association between survivin promoter -31C/G polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate the association between -31C/G polymorphism in the promoter of survivin gene and the susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in southern Chinese population. METHODS: survivin -31C/G genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP in 711 healthy controls and 702 CRC cases. RESULTS: The number of CRC patients carrying with CC genotype was much higher than that of controls (36.5 % vs 26.2%,2 =17.89,P<0.01). Compared to CC genotypes, CG, GG genotypes and G allele carriers had a significantly decreased risk of CRC, with the decrease being 0.61-fold (95% confidence interval=0.46-0.80, P<0.01), 0.52-fold (95% confidence interval=0.38-0.71,P<0.01) and 0.58-fold (95% confidence interval=0.45-0.74, P<0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: survivin gene -31C/G polymorphism is associated with sporadic CRC risk, the G variant genotype is the independent protective factors against sporadic CRC in southern Chinese population.     

Genetic polymorphisms of RTN4 gene in Chinese Guangxi population

AIM: To investigate the distribution characteristics of rs2920891A/C and rs17046647A/G polymorphisms of RTN4 gene in Guangxi population, and to compare the differences among different populations. METHODS: The genotypes of RTN4 gene at rs2920891A/C and rs17046647A/G in 323 healthy persons of Guangxi were performed by the technique of SNaPshot and DNA sequencing. The results were compared with the alleles and genotypes of other populations (HapMap-CEU, HapMap-HCB, HapMap-JPT and HapMap-YRI in HapMap). RESULTS: In Guangxi population, 3 genotypes, AA, AC and CC, and 2 alleles, A and C, were found in rs2920891A/C. The allele frequencies between male and female showed significant differences (P<0.05). The genotype and allele frequencies compared with HapMap-JPT, HapMap-CEU and HapMap-YRI had differences with statistical significance (P<0.05). Three genotypes, AA, AG and GG, and 2 alleles, A and G, were found in rs17046647A/G. The genotype and allele frequencies between male and female showed no significant differences (P>0.05), but there were significant differences of the genotype and allele frequencies as compared with HapMap-JPT, HapMap-CEU and HapMap-YRI (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The rs2920891A/C and rs17046647A/G polymorphisms of RTN4 gene in Chinese Guangxi population are different from those in other races.     

Relationships between lncRNA HOTAIR/H19 SNPs and genetic susceptibility to gastric carcinoma/EBV-related gastric carcinoma

AIM To investigate the potential associations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） of long noncoding RNA （lncRNA） H19/HOTAIR and the susceptibility to gastric carcinoma, especially to Epstein-Barr virus （EBV）-associated gastric carcinoma （EBVaGC）. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from 65 cases of EBV-negative gastric carcinoma （EBVnGC）, 50 cases of EBVaGC and 115 cases of healthy people were collected. A total of 4 TagSNPs, H19 rs3024270 and rs3741219, as well as HOTAIR rs4759314 and rs874945, were selected. The Taq-Man MGB allele typing kit was used to detect the genotype of each SNP locus, and the experimental results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS （1） There were significant differences of both genotypic and allelic frequencies at H19 rs3024270 locus between gastric carcinoma group and control group （P<0.05）. Individuals carrying the G allele at H19 rs3024270 locus had significantly low risk of gastric carcinoma （P<0.01）, indicating that the G allele was protective. （2） People with the GG genotype at HOTAIR rs4759314 locus had significantly high risk of gastric carcinoma （P<0.05）. Carrying the G allele increased the risk of gastric carcinoma, which indicated that the risk gene for gastric carcinoma might be the G allele. （3） No significant difference of the genotypic and allelic frequencies at H19 rs3741219 and HOTAIR rs874945 loci between gastric carcinoma group and control group was observed （P>0.05）.（4） The G allele frequency at HOTAIR rs4759314 locus in EBVaGC group was significantly higher than that in EBVnGC group. However, no difference of the other 3 SNPs was found between EBVaGC group and EBVnGC group （P>0.05）. CONCLUSION The SNPs at H19 rs3024270 and HOTAIR rs4759314 loci are related to the risk of gastric carcinoma, but not significantly related to the risk of EBVaGC.     

Association between IL-6-572C/G as well as IFNAR1-168G/C and hepatitis B virus infection in populations of Dai and Han ethnicities in Yunnan Province

ATM: To explore the association between IL-6-572C/G (rs1800796) as well as interferon alpha receptor 1 (IFNAR1)-168G/C (rs2257167) and prognosis after hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in populations of Dai and Han ethnicities in Yunnan Province. METHODS: The blood samples were collected from Dai people and Han people, each nation including 100 healthy controls and 200 infected individuals (100 spontaneous recovery individuals and 100 chronic patients). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing were used to identify the gene type. RESULTS: In Dai people, no significant difference was found between genetic polymorphism of -572C/G and prognosis after HBV infection. The differences of C and G alleles between spontaneous recovery group and chronic hepatitis B group, and healthy controls and HBV infection group were not statistically significant. Meanwhile, GG and CG genotypes were a vital protective factor for the person who developed into a chronic heptatitis B patient under the G allele dominance mode (GG+CG/CC) (P<0.05). In Han people, no statistically significance for IL-6-572C/G genotype and allele distribution in each group comparisons had been found, as well as the C allele recessive mode and C allele dominance mode. For the above 4 indicators, no statistically significant difference of IFNAR1-168C/G in Dai and Han people had been found.CONCLUSION: The GG+CG genotype of IL-6-572C/G may be a protective factor for the HBV-infected Dai people to develop into chronic hepatitis B patients. However, there is no significant association between the IFNAR1-168G/C polymorphism and prognosis after HBV infection in the 2 ethnicities.     

Association of F XⅢVal34Leu with coronary heart disease

AIM: To investigate the distribution of coagulation factor XⅢ (FXⅢ) Val34Leu polymorphism in Chinese and the relationship between the polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) or myocardial infarction. METHODS: A total of 195 patients with angiographically confirmed CHD and 203 controls were genotyped for the Val34Leu polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. RESULTS: The FXⅢ Val34Leu was found in 19 out of all 398 samples (4.8%) representing a Leu allele frequency of 2.4%. The distribution of FXⅢ genotype and allele was not significantly different between all patients and controls (P>0.05). The Val/Leu genotype and Leu allele frequencies in subjects without MI were significantly higher than that in subjects with MI (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There is F XⅢ Val34Leu polymorphism in Han ethnic group.     

Investigating the correlation between MTDH/AEG-1 gene 5'-UTR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer

AIM: To assess the correlation between MTDH/AEG-1 gene 5'-UTR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in southern Chinese population by TaqMan-MGB fluorescence probes. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out on southern Chinese population to collect blood DNA samples (693 sporadic CRCs and 660 controls respectively) to investigate MTDH/AEG-1 gene 5'-UTR polymorphism by TaqMan-MGB probes. RESULTS: The distribution of MTDH/AEG-1 5'-UTR genotypes (-1 913C/G,-797G/A) had no significance between CRCs and controls. But GG genotype of -1 913C/G could increase the susceptibility of CRC in drinker(OR=1.71,95%CI=1.13-2.57) and female(OR=1.48, 95%CI= 1.01-2.17), -1 913GG had interaction with drinking and female gender to increase the risk of CRC( P<0.01); Mutated genotypes of -797(GA+AA) also could increase the susceptibility of CRC in drinker (OR=1.55,95%CI= 1.06-2.27) and person with family history of cancer(OR=3.48,95%CI= 1.60-7.57), -797(GA+AA) had interaction with drinking and positive family history of cancer to increase the risk of CRC( P<0.01). But both polymorphisms were not interacted with age, smoking and fatness. CONCLUSION: MTDH/AEG-1 gene 5'-UTR polymorphism has no significant relevance with sporadic CRC susceptibility, but is irrelevant with drinking, gender and family history of cancer to increase the risk of CRC.     

Genetic polymorphisms of TLR2 locus in Chinese Cantonese population

AIM: Toll-like receptor 2 ( TLR2 ) was a significant pathogen recognition receptor in innate immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of TLR2 polymorphisms in the general population of Chinese Cantonese. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 200 unrelated healthy Chinese Cantonese individuals. The functional regions of TLR2 locus, including promoter region and all three exons with their surrounding intronic regions were amplified using PCR and sequenced in a random sample of 24 subjects. TLR2 genotyping in other 176 subjects was performed using PCR-sequence specific primer and PCR. RESULTS: A total of 5 single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, the two of which were novel. SNPs located in the coding region were all synonymous substitutions. The most common SNP was rs3804099 with the minor allele frequency of 26.3%. One 22 bp insertion/deletion (INDEL) polymorphism was found in exon 1 with the deletion allele frequency of 31.8%. All polymorphic sites were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Neutrality test suggested that TLR2 in Chinese Cantonese did not significantly deviate from the neutral model. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed complete LD between SNP-18945 C/T and SNP-18 883 C/G, and strong LD between SNP rs3804099 and SNP rs3804100. CONCLUSION: This is the first report on the distribution of TLR2 polymorphisms in the general population of China. It provided some ethnic specific polymorphisms, which might help in the further studies of disease association in Chinese.     

宽皮柑橘单核苷酸多态性的高分辨率熔解曲线分型

 高分辨率熔解曲线分析（High resolution melting analysis,HRM）可以检测单碱基改变引起的DNA双链熔解温度（T_m）值变化,从而可以对样本在单核苷酸多态性分子标记（Single nucleotide polymor- phism,SNP）上进行基因分型。通过分析NCBI数据库中宽皮柑橘的表达序列标签（Expressed sequence tag,EST）数据鉴别SNP位点,并用小片段扩增法高分辨率熔解曲线分型技术（High resolution melting analysis of small amplicons）分析11个宽皮柑橘（Citrus reticulata）品种以及柳橙（Citrus sinensis Osbeck var.‘Liucheng’）的5个SNP位点的基因型。结果显示,小片段扩增法高分辨率熔解曲线分型可以快速、清楚地分辨纯合与杂合基因型,在校正温度差异后也可以很好地分辨同一个SNP位点不同的纯合型。统计分析表明样本在所有SNP位点上均存在多态性,5个SNP位点的平均多态性信息含量（PIC）为0.3190,显示样本在这组SNP位点上具有较高的杂合率。     

Association of OPG gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population

AIM：To investigate the association of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 163A/G (rs3102735) and 245T/G (rs3134069), with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Chinese Han population. METHODS：A total of 205 patients with RA and 171 healthy control subjects were enrolled into this study. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism and subsequently confirmed by DNA sequencing. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the risk genotypes and alleles. RESULTS：OPG gene polymorphisms 163A/G and 245T/G were conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The statistical differences in the genotypes of AA, AG and GG at 163A/G locus were found in RA and controls. The G allele was associated with an increased risk of RA, with OR of 1.219 (95％ CI: 1.066~2.339). No significant difference was observed between RA group and control group with respect to genotypic and allelic frequencies of OPG gene 245T/G (P>0.05）. CONCLUSION：The OPG gene 163A/G SNP may be associated with RA susceptibility, and G allele may be the risk factor for developing RA.     

Correlation between DDAH2 gene polymorphism and coronary heart disease

AIM: To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of dimethylarginine dimethylamino acid hydrolase (DDAH) gene and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese population. METHODS: The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and ligase detection reaction (LDR) were used to detect the genotypes of SNP rs805305 and rs2272592 in 192 controls and 165 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). RESULTS: Both the frequency of rs805305 CG+GG or G allele and the frequency of rs2272592 GA+AA or A allele had no significant difference between CHD and control (P＞0.05). These results were independent of age, gender, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSION: The rs805305 and rs2272592 polymorphism of DDAH2 gene might not be related to the coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese.     

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of TLR4 locus in Chinese Cantonese population

AIM: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was an important pathogen recognition receptor in the innate immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of TLR4 polymorphisms in the general population of China. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 191 unrelated healthy Chinese Cantonese individuals. The functional regions of TLR4 locus, including promoter region and all three exons with their surrounding intronic regions were amplified using polymerase chain reaction. After purified, the amplified products were directly sequenced on both strands. RESULTS: A total of eight single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, five of which were novel. The most common SNP were -1607 C/T with the minor allele frequency of 0.283. Two nonsynonymous substitutions Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile, which were common in Caucasus, were not detected in Cantonese. Neutrality test revealed that TLR4 in Chinese Cantonese was not significantly deviated from the neutral model. CONCLUSION: This is the new finding on the distribution of TLR4 SNPs in the general population of China. It provides several ethnic specific SNPs for further disease association studies of TLR4 polymorphisms in Chinese populations.     

Inhibitory effect of triptolide on production of IL-1β from PBMC is associated with IL-1β gene polymorphism

AIM: To explore whether the inhibitory effect of triptolide on IL-1β production by PBMC is associated with IL-1β gene polymorphisms. METHODS: IL-1β gene polymorphism was analyzed in 31 healthy volunteers. From genomic DNA, the C-T polymorphism at IL-1β-511 was typed by PCR-RFLP. Meanwhile the IL-1β was also measured in the supernatants of the cultured and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by ELISA. RESULTS: After LPS stimulation in PBMC cultures of healthy subjects, the secretion levels of IL-1β in 9 volunteers who carried IL-1β-511 T/T genotype were higher than in volunteers who are not T/T genotype (P<0.05). Triptolide suppressed the production of IL-1β significantly in LPS-treated human PBMC carried C/C and C/T genotype (P<0.05), but this significant inhibitory effect of triptolide was not seen in T/T genotype (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The gene polymorphism at IL-1β-511 was related to the production of IL-1β, and the inhibitory effect of triptolide on the production of IL-1β was different in C/C, C/T, T/T genotype of IL-1β-511, which may be one of the reasons for the phenomenon that people respond differently to triptolide.     

Interaction of polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene K469E and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G in invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the interaction of polymorphisms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene K469E and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene -2518A/G in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Based on TNM classification, 4 500 patients with confirmed gastric carcinoma from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University in China from December 2009 to November 2014 were divided into stageⅠ group, stage Ⅱgroup, stage Ⅲ group, stage Ⅳ group, and stage 0 group, with 900 cases in each group. No significant difference among the 5 groups in age, gender, ethnicity, birthplace and living habit was observed. The genetic polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene K469E and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G were analyzed by the technique of polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood leukocytes of above-mentioned cases. RESULTS: Statistical tests showed signi-ficant differences in the frequencies of K469E (EE) and -2518A/G (GG) among each group (P<0.01). The risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma significantly increased in subjects with K469E (EE) genotype and in those with -2518A/G (GG) genotype. Combined analysis of the polymorphisms showed that distribution frequency of K469E (EE)/-2518A/G (GG) in stage Ⅰ group, stage Ⅱ group, stage Ⅲ group, stage Ⅳ group and stage 0 group was 39.22%, 53.22%, 59.22, 65.44% and 12.11%, respectively (P<0.01). The people who carried with K469E (EE)/-2518A/G (GG) had a high risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and statistical analysis suggested a positive interaction in a super-multiplicative model between K469E (EE) and -2518A/G (GG) in increasing the risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. CONCLUSION: ICAM-1 gene K469E (EE) and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G (GG) are the risk factors in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and significant interactions between genetic polymorphisms of K469E and -2518A/G added the risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.     

甘蔗品种ROC22组织培养体系中G418的浓度筛选

以甘蔗品种ROC22茎尖组织为材料,在组织培养的各个阶段,设定添加G418的浓度梯度进行筛选,找出甘蔗品种ROC22遗传转化体系建立的组织培养每个阶段最佳的G418浓度,为应用遗传转化改良甘蔗品种提供参考依据.研究发现,甘蔗品种ROC22茎尖愈伤组织生长、分化、小苗生根阶段的最佳G418浓度分别为20 mg/L、40mg/L、30mg/L.≤20mg/L浓度的G418能促进甘蔗分化,当G418达到一定浓度甘蔗不能生长,因此G418可用于筛选带有其抗性的植株.