Antibacterial activity of Pulicaria dysenterica extracts

Aqueous, methanolic and chloroformic extracts of Pulicaria dysenterica aerial parts were tested for their antibacterial activity using the disc-diffusion assay technique. The methanolic extract was found to be the most effective extract against three out of six tested bacteria. All of the extracts were active against Vibrio cholera.     

Antimicrobial activity of the heartwood of Taxus baccata

The ethanolic extract of Taxus baccata heartwood showed significant activity against selected gram-negative bacteria and against five out of nine tested fungi.     

Antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of Albertisia delagoensis

Leaves and rhizome methanol extracts of Albertisia delagoensis tested positive against Plasmodium falciparum, with a very low cytotoxic activity in leaves against the Graham cell line.     

Antibacterial activity of linoleic and oleic acids isolated from Helichrysum pedunculatum: a plant used during circumcision rites

The antibacterial activity-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane extract of leaves of Helichrysum pedunculatum resulted in the isolation of linoleic and oleic acids. Linoleic acid inhibited the growth of all the Gram-positive bacterial species tested with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) varying between 0.01 and 1.0 mg/ml. Oleic acid was active against three of the five Gram-positive bacteria at a MIC of 1.0 mg/ml. Both compounds were inactive against the Gram-negative species tested. A synergistic effect between the two fatty acids was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus kristinae.     

Antibacterial and allelopathic activity of extract from Castanea sativa leaves

Following the extraction of Castanea sativa with an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (pH 3.0), the ethyl acetate soluble fraction was tested for its antibacterial and allelopathic activity. The extract was shown to have pronounced antibacterial effects against seven of the eight strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria used (MIC in the range of 64-256 microg/ml and MBC in the range of 256-512 microg/ml). The active fraction was analyzed by TLC and HPLC showing the presence of rutin, hesperidin, quercetin, apigenin, morin, naringin, galangin and kaempferol. Standards of the identified flavonoids were tested against the same bacterial strains. The highest activity was shown by quercetin, rutin and apigenin. The allelopathic effect was tested against Raphanus sativus seed germination. The extract, quercetin, rutin and apigenin caused a decrease in the percentage of seed germination and root and epicotyl growth.     

白藓粗取物体外抗菌作用初步研究

研究白藓茎叶及种壳醇提物的的体外抗菌活性。以大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌4中常见菌为试验菌株,采用药敏纸片扩散法、试管二倍稀释法,对白藓茎叶及种壳醇提物进行抑菌试验。结果表明,白藓茎叶及种壳醇提物的氯仿、乙酸乙酯相萃取物对供试菌均有不同程度的抑菌作用。其中茎叶乙酸乙酯相和种壳的乙酸乙酯相萃取物的抑菌效果较好。茎叶氯仿相无明显抑菌效果。结论,白藓的抑菌活性成分主要存在于乙酸乙酯萃取相中,为白藓抑菌药物的开发提供了理论依据。     

Antibacterial activity of Mappia foetida leaves and stem

Successive petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of Mappia foetida leaves and stem were tested for their antibacterial activity. The methanol fractions were found to be most effective against all the tested organisms.     

Antimicrobial activity of Hymenodictyon parvifolium

Methanol extract of the stem bark of Hymenodictyon parvifolium was tested for its antifungal and antibacterial activity. The extract was found to have inhibitory effect against all the pathogens tested.     

Antibacterial and molluscicidal activities of the essential oil of Chrysanthemum viscidehirtum.

The volatile fraction of Chrysanthemum viscidehirtum aerial parts, consisting mainly of limonene, beta-farnesene and many oxygenated sesquiterpenes, was screened for activity against 21 microbial strains. This essential oil exhibited activity against all germs tested, in particular Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. It also showed molluscicidal activity against Bulinus truncatus.     

Phytogrowth-inhibitory and antibacterial activity of Verbascum sinuatum

The methanolic extract of Verbascum sinuatum inflorescences and isolated compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity against 13 Gram(+) and Gram(-) bacteria and for their allelopathic activity against radish.     

Antimicrobial activity of Amomum cannicarpum

The petroleum ether and methanol extracts of rhizomes of Amomum cannicarpum exhibited moderate inhibiting activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. None of the extractives was active against the tested moulds.     

Antibacterial activity of Punica granatum

Successive petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water extracts of Punica granatum were tested (in vitro) for their antibacterial activity. The methanolic extract was found to be most effective against all tested microorganisms.     

Antifungal activity of Ajuga remota

Successive petroleum ether, dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Ajuga remota aerial parts were tested in vitro for their antifungal activity. The petroleum ether fraction was found to be the most effective against the tested pathogens.     

Antibacterial properties of essential oils from Thai medicinal plants

By using disc diffusion assay, the antimicrobial activity of 32 essential oil samples extracted from local plants or plants cultivated in Thailand was evaluated against zoonotic enteropathogens including Salmonella spp., Escherichai coli O157, Campylobacter jejunii and Clostridium perferingens which are important for broiler export. Out of the essential oil tested, only the essential oil of Zingiber cassumuna, Cinnamomum bejolghota, Mentha arvensis var. piperacens, Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum basilicum var. citratum showed promising antibacterial activity against the bacteria tested.     

美洲大蠊乙酸乙酯提取物的分离和抑菌活性分析

采用活性追踪法和柱层析法,以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等5种细菌为供试菌种,对美洲大蠊乙酸乙酯提取物进行分离和抑菌试验.研究发现:美洲大蠊乙酸乙酯提取物对供试的革兰氏阳性菌具有一定的抑制作用,其中,对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性最好;经硅胶柱层析初分离后,从乙酸乙酯提取物获得了9个具有抑菌活性的组分,其中,组分Fr7对5种供试菌均显示了较好的抑菌活性;组分Fr7及其相邻组分Fr8经硅胶和凝胶柱层析进一步分离纯化后,得到了7个具有抑菌活性的不饱和脂肪酸类化合物,均对藤黄微球菌表现出最好的抑菌活性.结果表明:美洲大蠊乙酸乙酯提取物的抑菌活性物质为不饱和脂肪酸类化合物,对供试的革兰氏阳性菌的抑菌活性较强.     

Antimicrobial activity of Newtonia hildebrandtii

Successive petroleum ether, dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Newtonia hildebrandtii stem bark were tested in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial activity. The methanol extract was found to be the most effective against the tested pathogens.     

Effect of Spirulina fusiformis on cyclophosphamide and mitomycin-C induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice

Spirulina fusiformis was tested for its possible in vivo protective effects against cyclophosphamide (CP) and mitomycin-C (MMC) induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice. Pre-treatment with S. fusiformis (250, 500 and 1000 mg kg(-1), p.o., daily for 5 days) significantly reduced the chromosomal damage and lipid peroxidation with concomitant changes in antioxidants and detoxification systems. All the three tested doses were effective in exerting a protective effect against CP and MMC.     

Antibacterial activity of Salacia beddomei

Leaves and stems of Salacia beddomei were extracted successively with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform and tested for their antibacterial activity. Ethyl acetate extracts were found to be most effective against all the tested organisms.     

Antibacterial effect of Dryopteris crassirhizoma against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Methanol extract and its fractions (hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O) of Dryopteris crassirhizoma were investigated for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The hexane fraction showed a good antibacterial activity against all tested strains.     

Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Terminalia macroptera root

The root of Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) is widely used in African traditional medicine to treat various infectious diseases, including stomach-associated diseases. This study investigates the in vitro activity of T. macroptera root extract against reference strains and clinical isolates of H. pylori and attempts to localize the extract bioactivity. T. macroptera hydroethanol (80% V/V) root extract (Tmr) activity was tested against three standard strains and sixty two clinical strains of H. pylori. Tmr liquid-liquid partition fractions were screened against twenty H. pylori strains. Qualitative analysis of Tmr and its fractions was performed by HPLC-UV/DAD. The antibiotic characterization of the H. pylori strains revealed that 20% of the tested clinical isolates were resistant to at least two of the three antibiotics belonging to the main groups of antibiotics used in multi-therapy to eradicate H. pylori infections. In contrast, Tmr showed anti-H. pylori activity against the majority (92%) of the tested strains (MIC(50) and MIC(90)=200 μg/ml). The Tmr water liquid-liquid fraction (Tmr-3) and the precipitate obtained from this fraction (Tmr-5) were the most active tested samples, showing a MIC(50) of 100 μg/ml. The present work proves the in vitro activity of T. macroptera against H. pylori, thus confirming the utility of this traditional medicinal plant to treat stomach complaints due to H. pylori infection. The main compounds of Tmr and of Tmr-3 were the ellagitannins terchebulin and punicalagin. These compounds can be considered as markers of T. macroptera root active extracts against H. pylori.