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根剪技术在果树上的应用养植木本花卉翻盆时,都对根系进行不同程度的修剪。果树在扩穴深翻时,或挖沟施肥时常切断一定数量的根系,也是一种根系修剪。不过,大多数果农在搞上述作业时,忽视了其根剪的作用。实践证明,对单株果树直径1厘米以下的细根修剪量占其总数的小... 相似文献
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果树土施多效唑谨防偏冠多效唑(PP333)是一种新型植物生长延缓剂,在果树上应用具有明显的控长促花作用,受到广大果农的欢迎和重视。我们在山楂初结果期树上进行根施试验中发现,多效唑的根施方向对施后效果影响很大,偏向一方施用很容易造成偏冠。如果在东侧冠缘... 相似文献
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涝灾常造成果树落叶落果 ,生长不良 ,甚至死树和毁园。现将受涝后的果园管理技术介绍如下。1 排除积水和淤泥 ,松土散墒 大水退后 ,及时挖沟排水 ,同时清除土壤表面的淤泥 (干后极易板结 ) ,并松土散墒 ,必要时扒开根颈周围的土壤晾根 ,防止根颈腐烂。2 冲洗树体泥沙 用清水冲洗净枝干、叶片及果实上的泥沙 ,以免影响叶、果生长。3 合理修剪 ,平衡树势 果树被淹 ,根系生长和发育受阻 ,导致其地上、地下生长失衡。修剪时应以重剪为主 ,以减少枝叶量 ,降低叶面的蒸腾作用 ,并及时摘除病果、烂果 ,保持树体地上、地下的生长平衡。4 防治… 相似文献
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根系分区灌水对苹果叶片内源激素及生长的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以2年生分根盆栽‘皇家嘎拉’ (Royal Gala) 苹果为试材, 通过全部根系、3 /4、2 /4、1 /4根系灌水和全部根系干旱5种处理研究了根系分区灌水对叶片内源激素变化及枝叶生长的影响。结果表明1 /4、2 /4根系灌水叶片ABA含量提高, IAA、GA3、ZR含量降低, 枝叶生长显著被抑制, 并认为局部灌水处理对枝叶生长的抑制是由于根系ABA合成量增加、CTK合成量降低, 地上部茎尖和幼叶IAA、GA3合成量降低共同作用的结果。 相似文献
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富士苹果不同时期夏剪控冠促花效果富士苹果1982年引入我县以来,逐步被果农认识,目前面积已达3333hm2,占苹果总面积的83%,但由于管理不善,幼树多表现旺长无花,为此,进行了不同时期夏剪的控冠促花效果试验。1不同时期摘心的效果对新梢不同时期摘心,... 相似文献
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果树根系对地上部的调控及其与水分利用效率的关系 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
就果树根系对地上部的调控、根源信使的确认及其对水分利用效率(WUE)的 调节等方面进行了评述,并在此基础上提出了调整根系在上下层土壤中的分配比例、改善根 冠平衡、实施隔行交替灌溉等提高果树WUE的技术设想。 相似文献
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不同断根方式对深山含笑全冠移栽生长的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以深山含笑为试材,研究了不同断根方式对其全冠移栽生长的影响,以期找出深山含笑最适宜的移栽方式,并为容器苗的培育提供理论依据。设5个处理,每个处理采用不同方位、不同比例的断根方式来探究最适合深山含笑的断根方法。结果表明:随着断根比例的增多,移栽后枯亡枝叶的数量有减少的趋势,秋季全部断根方式对全冠移栽深山含笑入容器的初期生长状况最好,树冠的保留最佳;不同断根方式对深山含笑移栽后冠幅恢复的影响,差异较大,其中,处理4的恢复效果最好;不同断根方式对深山含笑全冠移栽枝叶生物量生长的影响,处理1深山含笑各个生物量指标都达到最佳。 相似文献
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A. D. Webster S. P. Vaughan A. S. Lucas J. E. Spencer 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):680-688
SummaryThe apple cultivar Queen Cox on M.9 rootstock cropped more precociously when planted as two year old trees than when planted as one year old trees, even though there were no significant differences in the sizes (leader height and branch length) of the trees at the time of planting. However, the two year old trees had larger root systems at planting. As the trees aged, those planted as one year olds grew more vigorously and bore higher cumulative yields than those planted as two year olds. Annual root pruning of the trees, commencing 15 months after planting, reduced extension shoot growth, crown volume and grubbing weights (final fresh weights of scions) severely. In some seasons root pruning increased the number of spur and terminal floral buds produced and also the final sets and yield efficiencies on the treated trees. Planting trees within semi-permeable fabric membranes also reduced extension shoot growth and tree size, but less severely than the root-pruning treatment. Root restriction increased the efficiency of fruit set and yields and also improved the grades of fruits produced. Trickle irrigation treatments increased shoot growth and tree fresh weight at the time of grubbing, but had inconsistent and small effects on fruit set and yields. Interactions between tree age at the time of planting and the root manipulative treatments were significant. 相似文献
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SUMMARYEight days after petal fall in 1991, mature 'Delicious'/MM. 106 apple trees and four days after petal fall in 1992, mature 'McintoshVMM. 106 were ringed, scored, root pruned (1 m from the trunk, two sides, 30 cm deep), or treated with ethephon (500 mg 11). Only ringing and scoring reduced vegetative growth. Ethephon advanced fruit maturation and fruit abscission, but root pruning did not affect the trees or fruit significantly. Mature 'Cort-land'/M.7a apple trees were root pruned 8 d after petal fall in 1991 and/or at full bloom in 1992. Root pruning reduced shoot growth, even in the year after treatment. Fruit abscission was reduced in 1991 and 1992 by root pruning in 1991, but root pruning in 1992 had no impact on abscission, in 1992. In an additional experiment, mature 'Mcintosh'/ MM.106 were root pruned 4 d after petal fall in 1991 or root pruned both in 1991 and at full bloom in 1992. Growth and preharvest fruit abscission were reduced in both the year of root pruning and the year after. 相似文献
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核桃树休眠期间修剪伤流严重,为了减少伤流,促进核桃树体生长,在秦岭山区以休眠期修剪为对照,在核桃落叶前、萌芽前及萌芽后进行修剪,监测不同修剪时期对枝条伤流量、剪口枯枝长度、萌芽率、成枝率、枝条生长状况及结果状况等的影响.结果表明:休眠期(对照)修剪的伤流量最大且持续时期最长,且极显著高于萌芽前修剪;与休眠期(对照)相比,3个修剪时期的剪口枯枝长度均显著或极显著减小;落叶前和休眠期(对照)修剪的萌芽率均较高,萌芽前修剪居中,萌芽后修剪的较低;萌芽前修剪的成枝率最高,极显著高于其他3个修剪时期;萌芽前修剪的雌花序数、雌花数、结果数、翌年结果母枝数均高于其他修剪时期,且1年生枝长势最好.综上,推荐秦岭山区核桃在萌芽前15d左右进行修剪,可减少伤流,提高核桃产量,促进枝条生长. 相似文献
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M. Saure 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2007,49(2):37-43
Root pruning in order to reduce shoot growth is characterized by inconsistent results and has unavoidable side effects. The theoretical basis for reliable predictions of apple tree's responses to root pruning is still largely missing. Here it is proposed that root pruning primarily interferes with the plant's mechanism of growth control: Reduced provision of cytokinins by the roots → reduced activity of shoot gibberellins → limited shoot growth and reduced auxin formation by the shoots → less inhibition of root growth and less shoot competition for carbohydrates → renewed root formation, cytokinin supply by the roots and shoot gibberellin activity → probably renewed shoot growth. Obviously, the initially reduced activity of gibberellins is crucial for the reduction of shoot growth and the various side-effects of root pruning. It depends – next to the extent and timing of root pruning – on the endogenous and external growing conditions. If these are optimal, the effect of root pruning is very limited as renewed root formation and vigorous root growth subsequently soon abolish the reduction of gibberellin activity. For a general recommendation of root pruning as part of a strategy of growth control, the prerequisites are missing. 相似文献
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以‘特选一号’甜瓜为接穗,‘银光’南瓜为砧木,采用了顶插接、改良插接、断根插接和断根贴接4种嫁接方法,研究了不同嫁接方法对甜瓜嫁接苗生长的影响,以期为甜瓜育苗提供指导。结果表明:甜瓜顶插接嫁接速率最快、嫁接工效最高,嫁接后在昼/夜温度为28℃/18℃条件下,改良插接的嫁接成活率最高,改良插接和断根贴接的愈合时间短。在一叶一心时期,改良插接和顶插接的嫁接苗有明显的生长优势,改良插接的嫁接苗根系生长最好;而到三叶一心时期,断根插接和断根贴接的甜瓜嫁接苗生长快,壮苗指数显著高于顶插接和改良插接,断根插接的嫁接苗叶面积最大。不同嫁接方法所需除萌蘖次数和时间也存在差异,断根插接除萌蘖次数最少,除萌蘖用时仅为顶插接的46.3%。 相似文献
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试验比较了盛果期灰枣树对不同修剪方法的反应。结果表明,枣树连年修剪,根的数量、冠幅、干周均大于(牙刂)枣处理树。萌发枣头的数量、质量和抽生有效枣拐的数量等也表现出相似的结果。修剪树有效枣股数多于(牙刂)枣树,差异显著;百果鲜重较(牙刂)枣处理多40.1g,单株产量提高15.3%。叶片总糖和全氮测定结果:修剪处理在6月下旬含量较高,此时正值枣吊、枣头生长,花芽分化,开花和幼果发育的关键时期,这对树体的生长发育和产量提高都起到良好的作用;其次,修剪与环切结合的效果优于修剪+(牙刂)枣,但次于修剪处理。 相似文献