苗圃转让

今年顺义区苗圃绿化、美化苗木达1120多种、1．12亿株。其中油松、白皮松、华山松、雪松、桧柏、侧柏等常绿树13157亩，1650万株，占育苗总面积的23％；连翘、碧桃、榆叶梅、紫叶李、紫蔽、紫荆、月季、玫瑰、黄刺梅、黄杨、女贞等花灌木5468亩，1455万株，占育苗总面积的10％；白腊、元宝枫、栾树、国槐、银杏、合欢、龙爪槐、杜仲、千头椿、金丝柳、各种品种杨等落叶乔木37375亩，8095万株，占育苗总面积的67％。     

大丽花块根繁育和栽培技术

大丽花(Dahlia pinnata Cav)菊科，大丽花属，多年生草本，原产墨西哥，又名大丽菊、大理花、天竺牡丹、西番莲、地瓜花，具有植株粗壮、花期长、花朵硕大，品种繁多、花色鲜艳、适应性强等特点。是美化公园，布置庭院、花坛、花境以及切花陈设的较好花卉材料。大丽花为世界名花之一，目前世界约有3万多个品种，我国有500余品种。     

木棉嫁接繁育技术

木棉(Gossampinus malabarica)又名攀枝花、红棉、英雄树、烽火树,属木棉科木棉属落叶高大乔木.木棉广泛分布在我国四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东,生长在江河沿岸、山地阳坡及村边道路旁,喜光、耐高温,对土壤要求不苛刻.在四川攀枝花地区木棉树于1月-2月份开花,先花后叶,花色艳丽,有红色、金黄、淡黄色等颜色,树形高大伟岸,是优良的园林绿化树种.木棉树现是攀枝花市市花和广州市市树,在园林绿化中常作行道树、庭荫树、景园树、盆景树等.木棉经嫁接后2 a-3 a开花,嫁接苗可作盆景矮化栽培,观赏价值高.本文介绍了木棉的嫁接育苗技术.     

One compound approach combining factor-analytic model with AMMI and GGE biplot to improve multi-environment trials analysis

To improve multi-environmental trial(MET)analysis,a compound method—which combines factor analytic(FA)model with additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI)and genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE)biplot—was conducted in this study.The diameter at breast height of 36 open-pollinated(OP)families of Pinus taeda at six sites in South China was used as a raw dataset.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)data of all individual trees in each site was obtained by fitting the spatial effects with the FA method from raw data.The raw data and BLUP data were analyzed and compared by using the AMMI and GGE biplot.BLUP results showed that the six sites were heterogeneous and spatial variation could be effectively fitted by spatial analysis with the FA method.AMMI analysis identified that two datasets had highly significant effects on the site,family,and their interactions,while BLUP data had a smaller residual error,but higher variation explaining ability and more credible stability than raw data.GGE biplot results revealed that raw data and BLUP data had different results in mega-environment delineation,test-environment evaluation,and genotype evaluation.In addition,BLUP data results were more reasonable due to the stronger analytical ability of the first two principal components.Our study suggests that the compound method combing the FA method with the AMMI and GGE biplot could improve the analysis result of MET data in Pinus teada as it was more reliable than direct AMMI and GGE biplot analysis on raw data.     

Review of Studies on Structural Features,Regeneration Features and Management of Natural Spruce-Fir Mixed Stand of Coniferous and Broadleaved Trees in China

Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,it is urgent and significant to develop scientific management measures for natural spruce-fir mixed stand in line with local conditions.The article outlined the characteristics of the distribution and structure, regeneration and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of natural spruce-fir forest management.The following recommendations were eventually made:1) In no cutting area,all logging activities should be banned.In a restricted cutting area,the cutting intensity should be generally controlled within 15%of the stock volume before cutting.On the commodity forest management area, the appropriate cutting intensity should be determined according to the volume per hectare,determine and classification management should be implemented in accordance with the characteristics of forest,to ensure the scientific selective cutting.2) Closure for afforestation,planting and repair planting should be adopted on vegetation-intensive land,sparse shrubs covered land and harvesting slash,in order to accelerate natural regeneration.3) The in situ conservation should be conducted in nature reserves and scientific experiment stations of rare and endangered species,such as Abies chensiensis,Picea neoveitchii,Abies vuanbaoshanensis,to reduce human destruction.4) It is supposed to collect seeds in time,establish nursery,actively establish forest, expand artificial population and promote natural regeneration.     

环保杀虫装饰涂料

蚊子、苍蝇、螳螂、臭虫、蜘蛛、蚂蚁之类害虫,在家庭、工厂、办公室、医院、学校、酒店等地,随处可见,无处不入.这些昆虫不但给人们的生活带来很多烦恼,更重要的是,他们导致疾病传播,从而严重危害人们的身体健康.所以,根除害虫,改变居住环境,早已成为人们关注的问题.     

减肥即食营养大米

肥胖是一种常见的慢性疾病,它是由于生理化机能的改变而引起的体内脂肪沉积量过多,造成体重增加,导致机体发生一系列病理、生理变化的病症.肥胖症是一种全身性代谢疾病,除引起身体外形的改变外,过多的脂肪可带来物理性的负荷,还是各种疾病的"培养箱".肥胖人群平均寿命明显低于正常体重的人群,同时肥胖症还是心血管疾病、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤的温床,它是一种营养代谢性疾病.减肥首先必须从能量的摄入入手,减少热能的吸收.     

聚氯乙烯合金生产技术

当前现代化的航天、航空、汽车、机械、电子、民用建筑、化工等行业迫切要求具备很高的力学性能及耐热、耐磨、耐化学性能的材料.因此高分子材料发展的一个重要方向就是通过对现有聚合物进行物理和化学改性,使其进一步高性能化、结构化、工程化.北京化工大学研制的聚氯乙烯合金是通过挤出机的力学、化学作用及接枝、复合技术使聚氯乙烯塑料工程化,成为物理性能可与ABS相比拟的新材料.聚氯乙烯合金具有高流动性、高韧性,完全可以代替ABS注塑计算机、电视机、冰箱、照相机、仪表等外壳.聚氯乙烯合金还具有良好的耐寒性,可制作各种规格的异型材,包括门窗、上水管道等.产品市场前景好,具有很强的竞争力,有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

Multi-Objective Genetic Based Pore Combination Recognition

This paper proposes an automatic method of pore combination recognition,which is an important feature to hardwood recognition.After extracting edge from wood microscopic cross-section, based on area histogram of the similar circle regions,the method classifies all regions into two classes with maximum between-class variance,so as to distinguish the pore from other textures,which are similar in shapes but different in sizes.Meanwhile, second objective function about average area of closed regions is used to improve the pore segmentation performance.At last,the method uses adjacency degree of pore set to judge pore combination.The experiments demonstrate that the task of pore segmentation can be completed successfully for all kinds of pore distribution and combination,and also the correct combinations of pores are given.     

Discussion on Spatial Optimization Modeling of Water Resource Conservation Forests and Management Practice of Forest Functions

According to the unification principle of system structure and system function of the Water Resource Conservation Forests,seven factors were selected from stand spatial structure,trees structure and healthy of woods,the multifunction management optimization model target was confirmed by using nonlinearity multi-objective programming approach, and the target function-stand spatial structure homogeneity index was defined to establish spatial optimization models with restraining conditions set up in diversity of stand structure and spatial structure.The spatial structure of available typical stand in the wet land area in southern Donting Lake was optimized by means of selective cutting and reinforcement planting.The results showed that the spatial structure was improved obviously and trees diversity and stand health were not weakened.It’s suggested that the established optimization model can effectively guide multifunction management,stand structure optimization and the steadiness of ecological ecosystem and it is convenient and operable in practice,and it’s very important to protect and recover ecosystem of Water Resource Conservation Forests.     

人工授粉对香荚兰果荚生长的影响

通过对香荚兰自花授粉、异花授粉以及不同花粉量的授粉实验,分析了授粉成功率、落荚率和果荚生长量与授粉方式的关系.结果表明:自花授粉挂果率和果荚生长量均优于异花授粉,挂果率差异高达13.74%,果荚平均长和重差异分别为0.51 cm、1.29g,且授粉成功率和挂果率均较异花授粉高;随授粉量的增加,落荚率降低,挂果率增高,果...     

中国姜花属Hedychium野生花卉资源特点

我国野生姜花属植物有32种、2变种和2变型,共计36个分类群,主要分布于西南部。以形态特征为主结合各个种的分布、生境等特点可将现有的种类分为毛姜花类群、白姜花类群、滇姜花类群、密花姜花类群、红姜花类群、盈江姜花类群等6大类群,以方便识别和开发利用。我国该属植物在植株高矮、花期、花色、花香、花序是否高出叶面、耐热性等方面均具丰富变异。为园林应用提供了丰富的种质资源。     

铺地竹叶饲用价值的评定

对铺地竹叶片进行营养成分的常规分析,含量如下:含水率为60.99%,粗蛋白为15.084%,粗脂肪为5.031%,粗纤维为30.438%,粗灰分为10.976%,可被利用的糖为15.834%;以及动物体必需的各种氨基酸,并且含量比较丰富.从营养成分看,铺地竹是一种优质的禾本科饲用植物.     

几种野生芹菜营养成分分析

以东北地区常见野生芹菜为研究对象,对其水分、灰分、粗纤维、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、糖(总糖、还原糖)、维生素(C、胡萝卜素)、氨基酸种类及含量(总氨基酸含量、8种必需氨基酸含量)、总黄酮含量(提取时间、乙醇浓度对其影响)、硝酸盐含量等营养成分进行分析的结果表明:①四种野生芹菜与家芹相比而言,灰分、粗纤维、粗蛋白、维生素C等含量均明显高于家芹;②四种野生芹菜矿质元素含量明显高于家芹中矿质元素含量;③拐芹、大叶芹、棱子芹中氨基酸含量和家芹中氨基酸含量无明显差异,碎叶山芹中各种氨基酸含量明显高于其他几种芹菜。     

萌条的根桩年龄对杨树扦插造林效果的影响

采用湘林—90无性系杨1~5年生根桩萌条的1年生苗扦插造林,研究萌条的根桩年龄对杨树扦插造林效果的影响。结果表明:造林时的胸径、苗高、材积在不同年龄根桩的萌条苗间均有显著差异,造林后的第1年、第4年,胸径、树高、材积在不同年龄根桩萌条苗的造林地间虽有差异,但差异均不显著。试验结果表明1~5年生根桩萌条的1年生苗都适宜扦插造林。     

巨桉根浸提液对三种牧草的化感作用初步探讨

为了解巨桉内含物对牧草的化感作用,试验选用浓度为1∶10、1∶50、1∶100的巨桉根浸提液(母液浓度为1∶10,w/v),以蒸馏水为对照,按照培养皿水培和盆栽土培的生物检测方法,探讨巨桉根系对黑麦草、紫花苜蓿、高羊茅3种牧草的化感作用。结果表明:在水培试验中,对黑麦草表现为高浓度抑制其根和苗生长,低浓度促进其根和苗生长;对紫花苜蓿根和苗生长均表现为促进作用。在盆栽试验中,对黑麦草和高羊茅表现为抑制其根长和促进其茎高生长,随着浓度的增加,对根的抑制作用逐渐增强;对紫花苜蓿根和地上部分干重表现为促进作用,随浓度的增加,促进作用减弱。     

宝天曼自然保护区森林文化资源评析

森林文化应当是森林资源在艺术、体育、娱乐及其他休闲活动等方面所体现出的特性。森林资源包括森林生物、森林小气候、森林地质地貌和森林溪流等,因此,考察森林文化资源就是考察各种森林资源在文学、艺术、文物、古迹、风俗习惯、体育、娱乐与其他休闲活动等方面的特性。宝天曼是中原地区惟一的世界生物圈保护区,同时还是国家地质公园的一部分,森林文化资源丰富,具体表现在5个方面:地理区位独特;气候条件温和;生物资源丰富度和珍稀度高;地质构造复杂;河川溪流变幻多姿。     

沙棘优良品种选择试验初报

通过对不同引种区域的沙棘优良品种的栽培对比试验,选育出适合阜新地区栽培的优良沙棘品种。根据3a的调查结果,按照幼林的生长量、结实量和百粒果重等指标的综合分析,获得"丘杂F1代"、"白丘杂交"、"森淼"、"亚中杂交"等4个品种优于"辽阜1号"、"辽阜2号"对照品种,也优于引种的其它品种。     

大瑶山森林生态系统服务功能浅析

广西大瑶山森林生态系统服务功能包括 :提供丰富的林产品 ;产生并维持生物多样性 ;涵养水源 ;调节气候 ;土壤肥力的保持与增长 ;生态旅游等。由于该山区经济落后 ,毁林开荒 ,乱砍滥伐 ,烧柴烧炭等现象时有发生 ,导致森林遭到破坏 ,生态环境不断恶化。为此提出了可持续发展的保护措施。     

呼伦贝尔市柴河林业局天然林保护工程成效分析

柴河林业局天保工程区在天然林保护工程实施后,森林生态环境得到了很大改善。文章通过对天保工程区各类土地资源在天然林保护工程实施前后的对比分析,系统阐述和评价了天然林保护工程的实施对该局森林资源和生态状况变化的影响。