南方亚麻制纤技术及制纤设备

本文介绍了南方亚麻小型制纤加工机组的操作技术要领，设备主要技术参数及其维护方法，并通过亚麻的制纤加工试验，提出了南方亚麻规模化生产的中尚需解决的几个关键技术问题。     

赴黑龙江省金兴亚麻原料厂亚麻制纤生产考察报告

为了全面了解亚麻制纤生产技术及工艺流程,１９９８年１１月２３日至１２月１１日,我们对黑龙江省兰西县金兴亚麻原料厂进行了参观、学习和考察,重点学习了该厂手轮亚麻加工机组的打麻操作技术,基本上掌握了手轮亚麻打麻技术的操作要领;并对该厂亚麻制纤的原茎收购、...     

全国麻类生产调查报告（Ⅴ）

亚麻分纤用亚麻和油用亚麻区，本次调查以纤用亚麻为主，同时兼顾调查了油用亚麻的基本情况。我国纤用亚麻主要产区位于东北地区的黑龙江省、西部地区的新疆、宁夏和内蒙一带。1995年，南方开始从北方引种试种亚麻获得成功。在南方地区的云南、湖南、浙江等省开始试种。目前已开始规模化种植。     

纤用亚麻种植密度研究简报

我区在1985年前一直种植油纤两用亚麻,随着经济建设的发展和对外贸易的需求,我区于1985年从黑龙江引种试种纤用亚麻,1987年后开始大面积种植,1990年已种植到5万亩。为了探索我区纤用亚麻优质高产的适宜种植密度,我们进行了该项研究。     

新疆纤用亚麻种植区划

新疆纤用亚麻种植区划王振华（新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州农科所伊宁８３５０００）１９８５年以前，我区种植的亚麻是油用亚麻，自１９８５年从黑龙江省引进纤用亚麻试种成功后，每年种植面积达６～８万亩．伊犁地区先后建成两座年处理干茎６千吨原料厂和一座５０００锭亚麻纺...     

新疆纤籽兼用亚麻品种的筛选及应用前景分析

近几年利用亚麻纤维、亚麻种子开发的产品不断增加,纤维及种子的使用量也不断上升。麻纤维膜以及麻复合材料的出现为麻产业注入了新的活力。新疆是我国纤维亚麻及油用亚麻的重要产地之一,利用新疆这种生产优势,发展纤籽兼用亚麻可以有效降低亚麻生产成本,并提高经济效益。为此,2017年在中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心开展了纤籽兼用亚麻品种的筛选。参试材料11个,根据试验的产量结果以及产值估算情况,初步筛选出F2016005、F2016001、Y4I039 3份材料可以作为纤籽兼用的主要品种在新疆进行示范推广。     

甘肃省油纤兼用亚麻生产的调查研究报告

油纤兼用型亚麻是甘肃省的主要经济作物之一。因多年来仅注意收籽榨油,茎杆多充作燃料,原茎的经济性状未作过深入的研究。近年随着衣着“回到大自然”的世界潮流,开发利用亚麻纤维资源受到了人们的关注。为此,我们在有关单位协助下,对甘肃省油纤兼用亚麻的经济性状等进行了调查研究,结果如下:     

纤维亚麻秋播优化高产栽培技术

亚麻属于亚麻科、亚麻属、栽培亚麻种，是亚温带喜冷凉长日照、直根系作物。按其经济特征，可把有栽培价值的亚麻划分为纤用亚麻、油用亚麻和油纤兼用亚麻三大类型。纤用亚麻从原茎到种子都可以加工利用，具有较高的经济价值。实施冬季农业开发，发展秋播亚麻产业，     

高纤亚麻品种茎的解剖构造特点

高纤亚麻品种的茎解剖特点是:韧皮部、纤维层和木质部的相对厚度要大于低纤品种,而髓腔半径的相对值小于低纤品种;高纤品种的单纤维细胞比低纤品种的略粗,且细胞壁略厚.     

高纤亚麻品种茎的解剖构造特点

高纤亚麻品种的茎解剖特点是 :韧皮部、纤维层和木质部的相对厚度要大于低纤品种 ,而髓腔半径的相对值小于低纤品种 ;高纤品种的单纤维细胞比低纤品种的略粗 ,且细胞壁略厚。     

Pilot plant for processing flax fiber

A flax fiber pilot plant is needed to process small samples of flax straw into fibers to facilitate research on retting and fiber properties. Our objective was to develop and test a modular design for a flax processing pilot plant based on a commercial line that was capable of cleaning fiber and seed flax straw from unretted, dew-retted, and enzyme-retted samples. The USDA Flax Fiber Pilot Plant (Flax-PP), which is the only research facility of this type in the United States, was designed according to the commercial ‘Unified Line’ (Czech Flax Machinery), but smaller and constructed in four individual modules. The modules and their order for processing were as follows: 9-roller calender, top shaker, scutching wheel, top shaker, 5-roller calender, and top shaker. Illustrations and diagrams of the operating modules are presented. Unretted ‘Neche’ linseed flax, dew-retted ‘Natasja’, and enzyme-retted ‘Jordan’ fiber flax were processed, and the cumulative weight loss of material at successive processing steps was determined to assess the effectiveness of cleaning. Fiber strength, fineness, and elongation were determined for the retted samples after cleaning through all the steps in the Flax-PP. A yield of fine fiber from the retted stems processed through the Flax-PP was acquired from further cleaning and refining by passage through a Shirley Analyzer. The various samples behaved differently at different stages of processing and the resulting fibers had different properties. The dew-retted Natasja fibers were stronger and finer than the enzyme-retted Jordan flax after pilot plant processing, but the Jordan fibers appeared cleaner and better retted. The Flax-PP effectively processed samples of diverse characteristics and will facilitate integrated research on retting methods for fibers with tailored properties.     

Flax-cotton fiber blends: Miniature spinning,gin processing,and dust potential

Development of a flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) industry in North America is desired to supply a domestic source of clean, consistent quality textile fiber for blending with cotton. The objective of this work was to evaluate portions of traditional cotton gin equipment (extractor feeder and lint cleaner) and the “50-g cotton-spinning test (CST)” for flax. Dust was collected on an area sampler in an isolated card room to evaluate dust potential during textile pilot plant processing. Fibers retted by diverse means were cleaned on two separate portions of Continental Eagle's pilot plant cotton gin stand, the Super 96 Feeder and the 24D lint cleaner. Fibers separated and removed from flax stalks by these gin sections were compared against the standard ‘unified line’ processing technique of the USDA Flax Pilot Plant. Test yarns were then made in a CST with cotton and flax blends to provide an indirect measurement of fiber properties that can be related to the retting and gin cleaning processes. The yarns were tested for strength and evenness. Flax fibers that displayed the most favorable properties in the CST were then spun in 23 kg lots in the pilot plant at the following cotton/flax blend ratios: 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 20/80. With modifications, it appears that portions of a cotton gin stand are able to process adequately small samples of properly retted flax stalks. The CST with minor adjustments provides useful data for ranking and further large-scale flax processing. As expected, it appears that flax fiber can be successfully cleaned on a cotton processing line and that increasing the amount of flax generates additional dust.     

亚麻纤维开发利用初探

本文简要分析了我国亚麻纺织行业的发展变化及原料利用现状，对亚麻纤维的合理开发利用，工艺路线，设备改进及加工方法等方面进行了技术性探索。     

黑龙江省油用亚麻栽培技术

黑龙江省一直以栽培纤维型亚麻为主，进入21世纪后，国内外亚麻纤维市场需求发生较大变化，致使我省纤维亚麻种植面积逐步减少。为发挥我省亚麻产业资源优势，我省亚麻主产区用油用亚麻替代部分纤维亚麻种植，相继建设以亚麻籽为原料的加工企业，开发出亚麻油、阿尔法亚麻酸、亚麻胶、亚麻冲剂等多个新产品，销往日本、韩国等东南亚国家。本文主要阐述黑龙江省油用亚麻栽培需要的生态环境，土壤、品种、施肥、病虫害防治等技术要点。同时提出油用亚麻和纤维型亚麻不同的技术要求及对策。     

亚麻／大豆蛋白纤维转杯纺纱产品的开发与研制

介绍了亚麻和大豆蛋白纤维的性能，结合生产实践，通过工艺试验，探讨了亚麻／大豆蛋白纤维转杯纱的一些工艺参数，为提高成纱质量提供参考依据。     

我国纤维用亚麻育种研究现状与发展

本文总结了我国纤维亚麻育种研究的进展和取得的成就;全面介绍了我国纤维亚麻育种研究的常用方法;并对纤维亚麻育种研究中存在的问题及今后的发展方向做了简要论述。     

我国纤维用亚麻育种研究现状与发展

本文总结了我国纤维亚麻育种研究的进展和取得的成就;全面介绍了我国纤维亚麻育种研究的常用方法;并对纤维亚麻育种研究中存在的问题及今后的发展方向做了简要论述.     

黄麻与亚麻的纤维性能比较

本文对黄麻、亚麻的纤维性能进行研究比较，从纤维性能的角度探讨黄麻纤维部分替代亚麻纤维的可行性。结果表明：黄麻纤维有可能部分替代亚麻纤维。     

中国农业科学院麻类研究所科学研究回顾与展望

本文较全面地回顾了中国农业科学院麻类研究所科研成就:苎麻、亚麻、黄/红麻新品种的选育与推广;麻类及同类纤维种质资源研究;麻类种植技术研究;麻类加工技术与加工机具的研究与推广;麻类生物脱胶与产品加工研究,特别是纤维质生产乙醇及环保型麻地膜的研究。本文还分析了未来该所麻业发展的走向:从麻类作物拓展到纤维植物;加工手段从农业微生物拓展到酶制剂;产品从传统的纺织原料拓展到生物能源与生物材料。     

国外优良亚麻种质资源的初步筛选

对从国外引进的74份亚麻种质资源进行农艺性状、产量性状、抗倒伏性等方面的观测和评价,筛选出早熟资源2份,单株纤维产量高的资源6份,单株种子产量高的资源3份,长势好的资源7份,可作为育种材料和经进一步试验后供生产上使用。