金丝大峡谷国家森林公园特色野生植物

研究了金丝大峡谷特色植物,报到了该区域野生特色植物16科19属20种。     

恩施大峡谷生态旅游产品开发研究

通过对恩施大峡谷客源市场进行调查分析,结合当地的自然资源和人文资源,探讨了恩施大峡谷生态旅游产品的开发类型,在生态旅游类型上以森林生态旅游、农业生态旅游,民俗参与旅游为重点;在旅游纪念品上以恩施特产,土苗饰物为主。随后对恩施大峡谷进行旅游形象定位,并拟定全方位的营销手段,以扩大客源市场,达到生态旅游的最终目标。     

九路寨大峡谷欲打造成中国十大峡谷之一

近日,投资3．6亿元的湖北省保康县九路寨大峡谷项目在保康县歇马镇白竹村奠基。九路寨大峡谷位于保康县西南边陲,地处保康、宜昌、兴山三县交界处,境内最高海拔1426米。     

长白山笔记:变幻的云·大峡谷

变幻的云长白山有着自己独特而又复杂的气温、降水等气候条件,加之距离日本海较近,还有莽莽苍苍的林海蓄积的水气和潮湿的空气。于是,长白山就可以用婀娜多姿的云霞奇     

美国“玉米地”大峡谷

火鸡溪州立公园位于美国印第安纳州西部,是印第安纳州的第二个州立公园。土著印第安迈阿密部落是这个公园的第一批游客。从11万年到约9600年前,厚重的冰川覆盖着北美北部,其南缘约在今天的火鸡溪公园附近。     

千只喜鹊翻飞桃巴大峡谷

10月,笔者走进四川省木里藏族自治县大山深处的桃巴峡谷,映入眼帘的是一树一树的喜鹊,一群群喜鹊或树上栖息、或空中翻飞、或路边悠然散步,在村庄里众多的树上随处可见它们的安乐窝,它们喳喳清脆悦耳的声音回荡在峡谷,动听、     

独龙江大峡谷的生态奇观

云南省贡山独龙族自治县,是全省最偏远、人口最稀少的县,而独龙江大峡谷,既是一块人迹罕至的地方,也是祖国西南一隅最动人心魄的地方。     

武夷山大峡谷生态旅游项目开发探讨

大峡谷生态公园位于武夷山风景名胜区的九曲溪上游,开展生态旅游的目的在于实现对该地森林生态系统的保护。生态旅游与大众旅游有着明显区别,前者融入保护意识和教育宣传,同时实现游人回归大自然愿望。生态旅游的项目设计与基础设施对环境影响应降至最低限度。     

西藏雅鲁藏布大峡谷国家级自然保护区生态评价

以雅鲁藏布大峡谷国家级自然保护区作为研究对象,从生物多样性保护、景观生态状况改善、教育科研价值、生态旅游价值4个方面,选取多样性、稀有性、代表性、自然性、适宜性、脆弱性、人类威胁7项I级评价指标,部分I级评价指标又分别构成Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级评价指标层,建立保护区生态评价层次结构模型,运用层次分析法对生态评价因子进行等级化处理,确定各评价指标的权重,计算各生态评价因子的评价指数.结果表明:准则层中生物多样性保护的制约性最强,景观生态状况改善次之,生态旅游价值最弱.从指标层各指标对目标层的贡献来看,多样性最大,稀有性、自然性、代表性次之,适宜性、人类威胁再次之,脆弱性最小.最后,得出雅鲁藏布大峡谷国家级自然保护区森林生态系统的综合评价指数(CEI)为0.945 l,说明该保护区森林生态系统的生态质量很好,具有极高的保护价值.     

黑龙江大峡谷国家级自然保护区综合管理信息系统设计

针对黑龙江大峡谷国家级自然保护区实际情况和业务需求,从信息化管理的角度出发,设计了该保护区综合管理信息系统的框架结构和功能体系,重点满足保护区数据管理、珍稀动植物资源保护和防火防疫等功能的需求。综合运用功能组件化管理、基于数据仓库的数据整合集成(ETL)、基于CA统一身份认证和数据加密的安全保障等关键技术,保障管理信息系统功能的实现。     

The Great Lakes Forest Alliance

Summary

The Great Lakes Forest Alliance, created by charter in 1987 at the direction of the governors of Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, is a mutual aid, public/private partnership that integrates global, national and local interests by bridging the gap at a regional level. It expanded in 1997 to include Ontario. Trustees include key leaders of government and industry and citizens from a broad range of forest interests. It was designed to be as learning environment to address the resurgence of forest growth and the increasing demand for conservation, wood products and recreation. The need for the Alliance resulted in part from a perceived underrepresentation of regional forest-related issues in the national arena. The Alliance attempts to consider leading-edge strategies over the long-term in a pro-active manner, and trustees recognize the need to build respect, trust, information exchange, cooperation, coordination and collaboration among diverse interests. Among the projects that demonstrate the bridge role played by the Alliance: a regional forest resources assessment, public and private funding that supports research toward a more frequent forest inventory process, training for communities to use the collaborative learning process to address economic prosperity and environmental protection strategies and the development of sustainable forest management criteria and indicators for the region. A continual challenge is relationships among diverse forest interests across jurisdictional and institutional boundaries in a manner that promotes exchanges that build collective wisdom.     

Comparing ecological restoration alternatives: Grand Canyon, Arizona

Three treatments designed to initiate the process of restoring the surface fire regime and open forest structure of a southwestern ponderosa pine forest were compared on the Kaibab National Forest along the Grand Canyon’s South Rim. The treatments were: (1) full restoration (FULL)—thinning trees to emulate stand structure prior to fire regime disruption ca. 1887, forest floor fuel treatment, and prescribed burning, (2) minimal thinning (MIN)—removing young trees only around living old-growth (pre-1887) trees, fuel treatment, and prescribed burning, (3) burn-only (BURN)—representing the current management policy in Grand Canyon National Park (GCNP), and (4) CONTROL. Each treatment was applied to a 12 ha unit. Compared to reconstructed 1887 conditions, all study sites were much more dense prior to treatment (94–176 trees/ha in 1887, compared to 783–3693 trees/ha in 1997). However, basal area increases were less striking (12.6–20.3 in 1887, 17.5–27.0 m²/ha in 1997), reflecting past harvest and dwarf mistletoe reduction treatments that removed many large pines. In 2000, 1 year after treatment, tree densities were reduced to 11, 23, and 37 of pre-treatment levels in the FULL, MIN, and BURN treatments, respectively. Understory plant communities showed significant declines in richness and plant frequency across years, probably due to a severe drought in 2000 (60% of average precipitation). No differences in plant communities were observed across treatments, despite the mechanized disturbance associated with tree removal in the FULL treatment. Prescribed fire behavior (flame length, flaming zone depth) and effects (bole char, crown scorch) were similar across all three burned treatments. Simulated fire behavior under dry, windy conditions was reduced in all three treatments compared to the control. The FULL treatment was much less susceptible to crownfire due to reduced crown bulk density and crown fuel load and increased crown base height. Crownfire susceptibility of the BURN treatment was only slightly reduced, while the MIN treatment was intermediate. Compared to the reference conditions of forest structure, the FULL treatment represented the most rapid and comprehensive restoration treatment, although the residual stand was at the low end of historical density. The BURN treatment thinned many small trees but had minor effects on crownfire susceptibility. Effects of the MIN treatment fell between FULL and BURN. The experimental treatments may be useful for the creation of defensible firebreaks near developments, roads, and boundaries with the FULL treatment, supplemented by MIN and BURN treatments over larger areas.     

The silviculture of conifers in Great Britain

The original paper by H.M. Steven, with this title, describedthe silvicultural characteristics of the main coniferous speciesthen available in British forestry. The use of these introducedconifers was justified by the limited site tolerances of theone native species, Scots pine, and the need to expand forestcover on to sites with infertile soils in harsh climatic conditions. This paper reviews the developments in silvicultural techniquesand understanding that have enabled the rapid expansion of productiveforestry in the last seventy years:

• The problems associated with afforestation, requiring ameliorationof soil physical and chemical conditions, have been resolvedand the climatic limits to the use of individual species aremore clearly defined.
• Increased knowledge of the physiologicalresponses of individualspecies to environmental factors hasinfluenced silviculturalpractice from nursery production tothe regeneration of maturestands.
• Analysis of genetic variationwithin introduced conifer specieshas refined their use andis leading to improvements in theirproductivity and timberquality.
• The application of ecological principles, based onthe ecosystemconcept, has led to an understanding of foreststand dynamicsthat should ensure production from exotic specieson a sustainablebasis.

Future requirements in the silviculture of conifers includethe transferof the results of computer simulation modellinginto practice, the developmentof silvicultural systems appropriateto British conditions and greater emphasis on the quality ofproduction.     

休业生产力的大解放

7月4日，人民日报发表了题为《集体林权改革是农村的又一次伟大改革》的社论，详细阐述了我国农村集体林权制度改革的重要意义。作为我国农村改革的重点工作之一，林权制度改革是继农村土地承包后在土地使用制度上的又一次重大改革，必将推动整个农村生产力的又一次大解放。     

林业生产力的大解放

7月4日,人民日报发表了题为《集体林权改革是农村的又一次伟大改革》的社论,详细阐述了我国农村集体林权制度改革的重要意义.     

大山雀生态的初步观察

1997年-1999年,在蟒河自然保护区对大山雀的生态进行了观察.该鸟为林息鸟类,筑巢于树洞、墙洞或石缝中.每年3月-8月繁殖,窝卵数7枚～13枚,多为8枚～9枚.卵的大小约11.9mm×15.8mm,重约13.9g,孵化期12d～14d,巢内育雏期14d.以有害昆虫为食,是农林益鸟.     

The Commercial Impact of Oak Shake in Great Britain

The paper describes the results of a postal questionnaire surveyinto the extent of oak ‘shake’ in Great Britain.On average, 21 per cent of all oak was degraded by some formof shake. On a national scale, this represents a reduction inpotential harvesting revenues to growers of between £3million and £8 million annually, and larger sums if thecost of replacement imported hardwoods is considered.