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《中国兽医杂志》2017,(1)
对四川省2009-2014年共2 954株猪、鸡源大肠杆菌进行13种抗生素耐药性测定,同时对耐头孢噻呋大肠杆菌及O157菌株耐药基因进行检测。结果表明:大肠杆菌对抗生素耐药谱广,多重耐药严重。大肠杆菌对抗生素耐药率呈逐年波动下降趋势,猪源大肠杆菌对抗生素耐药率总体耐药率为40.40%~92.32%,抗生素耐药率依次为:TET(92.32%)>SIZ(91.96%)>AMP(91.25%)>SXT(87.56%)>DO(77.67%)>FFC(73.97%)>SH(69.91%)>EN(66.00%)>AMC(61.10%)>OFX(59.39%)>CN(57.82%)>PME(42.53%)>CEF(40.40%)。鸡源大肠杆菌对抗生素的总体耐药率为9.17%-89.41%,抗生素耐药率依次为:SIZ(89.41%)>AMP(85.01%)>SXT(83.40%)>TET(83.01%)>EN(72.03%)>OFX(63.37%)>AMC(62.14%)>DO(58.90%)>FFC(55.10%)>SH(50.52%)>CEF(46.9%)>CN(33.91%)>PME(9.17%)。2009年-2014年猪源大肠杆菌耐药率总体高于鸡源大肠杆菌。研究表明,监测大肠杆菌的抗生素耐药性对动物的养殖、疾病的预防及耐药性的控制有着重要意义。 相似文献
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猪源大肠杆菌耐药性与I型整合子关系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的为了解猪源大肠杆菌中I型整合子的流行情况,探讨I型整合子与大肠杆菌耐药表型的相关性。方法采用微量肉汤稀释法测定119株猪源大肠杆菌对8类14种抗菌药物的耐药性,并采用PCR法检测猪源大肠杆菌I型整合酶基因(int11)并扩增其可变区,对PCR产物进行酶切分析,测序分析整合子可变区携带的耐药基因盒。结果119株大肠杆菌耐药现象十分严重,对四环素、磺胺异恶唑、新诺明全部耐药,所有菌株均呈多重耐药。119株猪源大肠杆菌中有92株含I型整合子,检出率77.31%。扩增出7类大小不同的基因盒插入区片段,范围为1008bp-3149bp。7类I型整合子在119株猪源大肠杆菌中存在13种流行组合。78.15%大肠杆菌菌株的I型整合子携带2种或2种以上的基因盒,其中以携带编码氨基糖苷类药物耐药基因(aadA1、aadA2、aadA5、aadA22、aadB)最多,其次为编码磺胺类药物耐药基因(dfrA1、dfrA12、dfrA17、dfrA27),此外还携带编码利福平、林可霉素和氯霉素的基因1nuF、cm1A6、aar-3、off.结论I型整合子普遍存在于大肠杆菌中,且呈流行上升趋势;I型整合子参与耐药及多重耐药,但单株细菌携带的耐药基因盒与其耐药表型无对应关系。 相似文献
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目的为了解猪源大肠杆菌中Ⅰ型整合子的流行情况,探讨Ⅰ型整合子与大肠杆菌耐药表型的相关性。方法采用微量肉汤稀释法测定119株猪源大肠杆菌对8类14种抗菌药物的耐药性,并采用PCR法检测猪源大肠杆菌Ⅰ型整合酶基因(int I1)并扩增其可变区,对PCR产物进行酶切分析,测序分析整合子可变区携带的耐药基因盒。结果 119株大肠杆菌耐药现象十分严重,对四环素、磺胺异恶唑、新诺明全部耐药,所有菌株均呈多重耐药。119株猪源大肠杆菌中有92株含Ⅰ型整合子,检出率77.31%。扩增出7类大小不同的基因盒插入区片段,范围为1008bp~3149bp。7类Ⅰ型整合子在119株猪源大肠杆菌中存在13种流行组合。78.15%大肠杆菌菌株的Ⅰ型整合子携带2种或2种以上的基因盒,其中以携带编码氨基糖苷类药物耐药基因(aadA1、aadA2、aadA5、aadA22、aadB)最多,其次为编码磺胺类药物耐药基因(dfrA1、dfrA12、dfrA17、dfrA27),此外还携带编码利福平、林可霉素和氯霉素的基因lnuF、cmlA6、aar-3、orf。结论Ⅰ型整合子普遍存在于大肠杆菌中,且呈流行上升趋势;Ⅰ型整合子参与耐药及多重耐药,但单株细菌携带的耐药基因盒与其耐药表型无对应关系。 相似文献
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猪大肠杆菌病是临床上的一种常见病,本病严重危害养猪业的发展。由于不少猪场用大量抗菌药物治疗疾病,饲料中也常拌有抗菌药物来预防疾病,致使形成了大量耐药性大肠杆菌。当发生本病治疗时,这些耐药菌株不但造成了药物浪费,而且猪只得不到及时治愈而死亡,从而造成了... 相似文献
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ZHI Chan-ping GUO Xiao-ting YAO Xu GUO Ze-wen WU Sheng-jun YI Ling-xian CHENG Bang-zhao WANG Jun-jun LIU Jian-hua 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3351-3357
To determine the drug resistance of E.coli strains from swine and chicken in organic farm,collection of stool specimens was conducted in one organic farm in Conghua city,Guangdong province in 2014,in which 118 E.coli strains were separated,including 55 from chicken and 63 from swine.The sensitivity of the E.coli strains from swine and chicken to 18 kinds of drugs was detected through agar dilution method.Similar properties in drug resistance were observed both in E.coli strains from swine and chicken in the same organic farm.In consideration of the resistance rate,samples were relatively sensitive to ceftazidime,cefquinome,cefoxitin,amikacin,apramycin,gentamicin,neomycin,florfenicol,chloramphenicol,imipenem,ciprofloxacin and olaquindox (chicken 0 to 21.8%;swine 0 to 14.3%).These isolates showed moderate resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin (chicken 29.1% to 38.2%;swine 23.8% to 27.0%).About 56.4% chicken isolates and 47.6% swine isolates showed resistant to more than 3 kinds of drugs.However,severe resistance was observed in trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole,tetracyclineand and doxycycline (chicken 45.5%,76.4% and 72.7%;swine 50.8%,81.0% and 68.3%).The results also indicated that under organic farming mode,the drug resistance rates of E.coli strains from swine and chicken were relatively low in general.Multi-drug resistance existed but was relatively slight.Although the drug resistance rate to several specific antimicrobials was high,it was still lower than that in conventional farms.Since most studies focused on the drug resistance of the bacteria under conventional farming model,this study filled the blank of the research of drug resistance under organic farming model. 相似文献
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长春地区猪源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解吉林省长春地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,于2013年采集318份猪源样品,分离鉴定大肠杆菌275株。以氨苄西林、头孢噻肟等15种药物进行了药物敏感性实验,多重 PCR 方法进行系统进化分群。结果表明,大肠杆菌分离株对四环素、氨苄西林和磺胺甲基异恶唑耐药最严重(83.63%、52.72%、51.27%),全部菌株对美洛培南、多粘菌素敏感,其中176 株菌表现为对3类以上抗生素的多重耐药(64.00%)。从仔猪腹泻样品分离大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素、喹诺酮类抗生素、四环素、氯霉素及磺胺甲基异恶唑的耐药率显著高于健康猪和猪肉样品分离株的耐药率。大肠杆菌分离株主要为 A 群和 B1群。研究获得了吉林长春地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性的基本流行病学数据,为指导养殖业的临床用药及耐药性监测提供了依据。 相似文献
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河南省部分地区猪群大肠杆菌分离菌的耐药性比较分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为掌握河南省猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,于2013年至2018年对河南省郑州、开封、焦作、许昌四个地区部分规模化养猪场分离出的856株大肠杆菌,采用CLSI推荐的微量肉汤稀释法,调查其对8类13种代表性抗菌药物的耐药性。结果表明,856株大肠杆菌对氧氟沙星、黏菌素、庆大霉素、头孢噻呋和阿莫西林/棒酸等5种药物的耐药率在35.0%以下,分别为32.2%、31.1%、25.5%、15.5%和30.0%;对恩诺沙星、四环素、多西环素、大观霉素、氟苯尼考、磺胺异恶唑、复方新诺明和氨苄西林等8种药物的耐药率范围为45.0%~95.0%,其中对四环素、多西环素和磺胺异恶唑等3种药物的耐药率高达90.0%以上;多重耐药集中于耐5、6和7类抗生素,耐3类及以上药物的菌株占90.0%。本研究结果表明河南省部分养殖场猪源大肠杆菌耐药形势严峻,应加强对其监测和控制。 相似文献
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2012~2014年从辽宁某肉鸡养殖场采集300份鸡泄殖腔拭子,分离获得152株鸡源大肠杆菌。采用微量稀释法对152株鸡源大肠杆菌进行了14种兽用和16种人用抗菌药的药物敏感性测定,并参照CLSI肠杆菌判定标准进行判定。结果显示,鸡源大肠杆菌对兽用阿莫西林、氨苄西林、恩诺沙星、复方新诺明、磺胺异噁唑、四环素和人用哌拉西林、替卡西林、环丙沙星均产生明显耐药性,耐药率较高。对所分离的鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性检测结果与EUCAST发布的野生型菌株MIC值分布进行比较分析,耐药结果基本一致,但通过MIC值分布比较,结果显示出分离菌株的大观霉素、氨苄西林、恩诺沙星、复方新诺明、头孢噻吩、头孢呋辛、环丙沙星和妥布霉素药物的MIC值发生了明显右移,表明该肉鸡场大肠杆菌对上述抗菌药的耐药强度呈现逐渐增强的趋势。在养殖过程中应采取科学饲养和严格的生物安全措施防控疾病,科学合理使用抗菌药物,控制肉鸡场细菌耐药性的产生和传播。 相似文献
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WANG Ying LI Xin-nan HAN Juan-zhu LIU Ying-zi WANG Hong-jun GAO Shen-yang WU Si-si ZHANG Li-bo ZHOU Tie-zhong 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3329-3337
From 2012 to 2014,300 chicken cloacal swab samples were collected from a broiler farm in Liaoning province,152 strains of chicken-derived Escherichia coli were isolated and identified.The 152 strains of chicken-derived Escherichia coli were detected on 14 kinds of veterinary antimicrobial drugs and 16 kinds of antimicrobial drugs for human by using trace dilution method,and reference to CLSI enterobacter decision criteria to determine.The results showed that chicken-derived Escherichia coli had obvious resistance to veterinary antimicrobial drugs (amoxicillin,ampicillin,enrofloxacin,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,sulfafurazole,tetracycline) and antimicrobial drugs for human (piperacillin,ticarcillin,ciprofloxacin),the resistance rates were high.The resistance test results of isolated chicken-derived Escherichia coli comparing with the MIC value distribution of EUCAST wild type strains were same,but through comparing MIC value distribution,the results showed the isolates of spectinomycin,ampicillin,enrofloxacin,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,cefalotin,cefuroxime,ciprofloxacin and tobramycin drugs MIC value moved to the right obviously,indicated that the antibiotic resistant strength of Escherichia coli increased gradually.The process of breeding and strict biosecurity measures should be taken scientifically to control diseases,and the antibacterial agents should be applied reasonably to control broiler farm production and propagation of bacterial drug resistance. 相似文献
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采用纸片扩散法对从山东省临沂地区分离鉴定的鸡源致病性大肠杆菌进行了药物敏感性测定,结果发现:耐药率较高的为青霉素、苯唑青霉素、氨苄青霉素、复合磺胺、万古霉素、红霉素、链霉素、环丙沙星、四环素、氟哌酸等,前6种均高达100%,后4种分别为93.33%、88.89%、84.62%、83.33%;敏感率较高的为头孢他啶、头孢哌酮、头孢三嗪、头孢噻肟、头孢呋新和左旋氧氟沙星,其极敏和高敏的比率之和分别高达100%、92.86%、87.50%、82.35%、78.57%和71.43%;呋喃妥因高敏和中敏的比率之和高达100%,由此可知这7种药是目前山东临沂地区鸡大肠杆菌病的首选药物。 相似文献