乳酸菌对肉鸡生长性能和免疫性能的影响

文章旨在研究乳酸菌制剂对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和血清免疫指标的影响。试验将200头健康肉鸡平均分为4组,分别为普通日粮饲养的对照组,在日粮中添加0.2 g/kg的低浓度乳酸菌组、0.4 g/kg的中浓度乳酸菌组和0.6 g/kg的高浓度乳酸菌组。试验结束后测定其生长性能、免疫器官指数和IgA、IgG、IgM、IL-2指标。结果发现,在日粮中添加不同浓度乳酸菌对肉鸡生长性能均有显著影响（P <0.05）,其中0.4 g/kg的乳酸菌组效果最佳,平均日增重比对照组提高15.3%,耗料增重比对照组降低14.4%;在日粮中添加乳酸菌对肉鸡免疫器官指标也有显著影响,0.4 g/kg的乳酸菌组胸腺指数、法氏囊指数与脾脏指数分别比对照组提高25.2%、22.3%和13.9%(P <0.05);在日粮中添加乳酸菌对肉鸡血清中的IgA、IgG、IgM等免疫指标也有显著影响（P <0.05）。研究结果表明,在日粮中加入0.4 g/kg的乳酸菌制剂效果最佳,能促进肉鸡生长性能,提高免疫器官指数和免疫功能。     

添加乳酸菌对肉鸡生长性能的影响

将96只AA肉鸡随机分为4组,饲喂不同剂量的乳酸菌制剂,研究其对生产性能的影响。结果表明,添加乳酸菌在肉鸡生长的前期,可以显著提高活重（P〈0.05）,有效降低料肉比（P〈0.05）,第1周显著提高鸡日增重（P〈0.05）,降低鸡死亡率,提高屠宰性能。     

酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能及免疫功能的影响

为探讨日粮中添加酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响,选1日龄健康肉仔鸡120只,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复20只.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.25％酵母培养物,试验期为42 d.结果表明,酵母培养物能提高肉仔鸡的平均体重、新城疫抗体效价,降低料重比,能显著提高血液中免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM的含量和免疫器官指数,表明酵母培养物能显著影响肉仔鸡的生长性能和免疫功能.     

地衣多糖对肉鸡生长性能及免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究基础日粮中不同添加剂量的地衣多糖对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响。结果表明,各剂量地衣多糖能显著影响肉鸡日增重(P <0.05),并可以降低料肉比(P <0.05),地衣多糖对不同日龄组肉鸡的胸腺指数、法氏囊指数和脾脏指数影响差异均显著(P <0.05);28日龄前3个地衣多糖剂量组新城疫抗体与空白组比较差异显著(P <0.05);3个地衣多糖组与空白组相比能提高外周血淋巴细胞增殖(P <0.05)。综合上述结果,地衣多糖能显著提高肉鸡生长性能,具有免疫调节功能,且免疫调节与剂量相关。     

地顶孢霉培养物对AA肉鸡生长性能、免疫机能及血清抗氧化功能的影响

为了研究地顶孢霉培养物(acremonium temcola culture,ATC)对AA肉鸡生长性能、免疫机能及抗氧化功能的影响,选取1日龄健康AA肉鸡360只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只鸡,对照组(T0)饲喂基础日粮,试验组(T1、T2、T3)日粮中ATC添加量分别为0.125、0.25、0.50 kg/t,试验期42 d;试验结束后测定鸡生长性能、血清IgG、回肠sIgA及血清抗氧化指标。结果显示:试验组平均日增重(ADG)均大于T0组,料重比(F/G)均小于对照组,且T3组ADG显著大于T0组(P0.05),F/G显著小于T0组(P0.05);试验组脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊器官指数均高于T0组,且T0组脾脏器官指数显著低于T3组(P0.05),T0组胸腺器官指数、法氏囊指数显著低于T2、T3组(P0.05);第7天各组IgG、sIgA浓度均无显著差异(P0.05),第28、35天对照组IgG、sIgA浓度显著低于T1、T2、T3组(P0.05);第7、14天,试验组总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)浓度均高于T0组(P0.05);第28天,T0组T-AOC浓度与T1组差异不显著(P0.05),与T2、T3组差异显著(P0.05);试验第28、35天,T0组T-SOD浓度显著低于T1、T2、T3组(P0.05);第35天,T0组MDA浓度显著高于T1、T2、T3组(P0.05)。综上所述,地顶孢霉培养物能够提高AA肉鸡生长性能,增强其免疫机能及抗氧化能力。     

饲料中添加乳酸菌固态制剂对肉鸡生长性能及免疫机能的影响

为探讨乳酸菌固态制剂对三黄肉鸡生长性能及免疫机能的影响,采用单因素设计试验,选择体重相近的3周龄三黄肉鸡600只随机分成4组,每个组3个重复,每个重复50只,1组饲喂基础日粮为空白对照,2、3、4组在基础日粮中分别添加1.0%、1.5%、2.0%的乳酸菌固态制剂,试验期为21 d。在试验结束时测定三黄肉鸡生长性能及免疫机能指标IgG、IgA、IgM、新城疫(ND)抗体效价。结果表明:(1)试验2、3、4组的平均日采食量(ADFI)均高于1组(P> 0.05),试验3、4组的平均日增重(ADF)分别较1组提高10.56%、8.52%(P <0.05),料重比(F/G)分别较1组降低16.30%、12.82%(P <0.05)。(2)试验3、4组的血清中IgG、ND抗体效价分别较1组提高35.58%、34.29%、25.36%、21.73%(P <0.05),试验2、3、4组血清中IgM、IgA含量均高于1组(P> 0.05)。综上,在基础日粮中添加1.5%乳酸菌固态制剂可以提高三黄肉鸡生长性能和免疫机能。     

乳酸菌剂对黄羽肉鸡中期生长性能的影响

试验用180只21日龄的黄羽肉鸡,随机分为3组,每组60只.分别添加0%、0.01%、0.02%的乳酸菌剂,试验期2周.结果表明：添加0.02%乳酸菌剂组平均日增重显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;2个试验组间差异不显著（P＞0.05）.试验组饲料消耗比对照组分别低8.75%和15.62%,乳酸菌制剂可明显降低肉鸡生产的饲料成本.     

大蒜多糖对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响

为确定大蒜多糖对内鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响,将1日龄肉鸡随机分为4组.各试验组基础日粮中分别添加0、1000(低剂量)、2000(中剂量)、3000 mg/kg(高剂量)的大蒜多糖.结果 表明:肉鸡日粮中添加中剂量和高剂量的大蒜多糖能显著提高其平均日采食量、平均日增重、胸腺指数和法氏囊指数、T淋巴细胞增殖活性、巨噬细...     

黄芪多糖对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响

为在肉鸡养殖生产中推广应用黄芪多糖,研究探讨了黄芪多糖对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响,结果显示,黄芪多糖添加组与对照组相比,可显著增加日均增重量、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、法氏囊指数(P<0.05),显著降低料重比(P<0.05)。表明肉鸡日粮中添加0.1%黄芪多糖能显著提高肉鸡的生长性能和免疫功能。     

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Cultures on Growth Performance and Immunity Function of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of inactivated lactic acid bacteria cultures on growth performance and immunity function of broilers.A total of 300 one-day-old AA broilers with similar weight were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate (half male and half female).The control group was fed a basal diet;The antibiotic group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.01% chlortetracycline;The lactic acid bacteria cultures groups (L1, L2, L3) were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.16% lactic acid bacteria cultures L1, L2, L3, respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days, including two phase of days 1 to 21 (starter period) and days 22 to 42 (finisher period).The results showed as follows:From 1 to 21 days of age, ADFI of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L1 was extremely significant higher than that in control and antibiotic groups (P<0.01), the serum content of IL-2 was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), the indexes of spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The indexes of spleen and thymus of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L2 were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05);ADG of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L3 was extremely significant higher than that in control and antibiotic groups (P<0.01);The serum content of IFN-γ of broilers in antibiotic group was significantly higher than that in lactic acid bacteria cultures groups (P<0.05).From 22 to 42 days of age, ADG of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L1 and group L2 were extremely significant higher than that in control and antibiotic groups (P<0.01);The serum content of IgG was significantly higher than that in antibiotic group (P<0.05), Newcastle disease antibody titers in serum and the indexes of spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius of broilers were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05);The serum content of IgA and the thymus index of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L3 were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).Therefore, supplementing inactivated lactic acid bacteria cultures in a diet could improve growth performance and immunity function of broilers to some extent.Among them, adding L3 was better during starter period for improving growth performance of broilers, while add L1 and L2 during finisher period.Adding L1 was better during starter period for improving immunity function of broilers, while add L2 during finisher period.     

硫辛酸对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加硫辛酸对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。将 ６０只 ２１日龄体重相近的黄羽肉鸡随机分为 ２组,即对照组和硫辛酸组,每组 ５个重复,每个重复 ６只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,硫辛酸组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加 ３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ硫辛酸的试验饲粮,试验期 ３０ｄ。结果表明,硫辛酸对黄羽肉鸡的生长性能无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;在试验第 １５天时,硫辛酸可以显著提高黄羽肉鸡血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性（Ｐ＜０．０５）、降低一氧化氮含量（Ｐ＜０．０５）,促进脾脏的发育（Ｐ＜０．０５）,提高血清免疫球蛋白 Ｇ含量（Ｐ＜０．０１）;在试验第 ３０天时,硫辛酸可以显著降低黄羽肉鸡血清丙二醛含量（Ｐ＜０．０５）、提高抑制羟自由基的能力（Ｐ＜０．０１）,提高由伴刀豆球蛋白 Ａ和脂多糖刺激的外周血淋巴细胞转化率以及血清免疫球蛋白 Ｇ含量（Ｐ＜０．０５）。由本试验可知,饲粮中添加 ３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ硫辛酸可以在一定程度上提高肉鸡抗氧化能力,增强其免疫功能。     

乳酸菌对饲喂黄曲霉毒素B1日粮的肉鸡生长性能、养分消化率和屠宰性能的影响

本试验旨在研究黄曲霉毒素B₁(AFB₁)日粮添加乳酸菌(LAB)对肉鸡的生长性能、养分消化率及屠宰性能的影响。试验选用1日龄AA肉鸡公鸡240只,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。正对照组:无AFB₁日粮;负对照组:1~21d:正对照组日粮＋40μg/kgAFB₁,22~42d:正对照组日粮＋80μg/kgAFB₁;LAB组:负对照组日粮＋1.5×10¹¹CFU/kgLAB;HSCAS组:负对照组日粮＋3g/kgHSCAS。试验期42d。试验结果显示,负对照组日粮显著降低了肉鸡平均日采食量和体增重(P<0.05),显著提高了料重比(P<0.05),添加LAB和HSCAS均明显改善了生产性能,且LAB组的效果优于HSCAS组。1~21d时,与负对照组相比,添加LAB干物质、能量、粗脂肪、钙和磷的表观消化率分别提高9.6%(P<0.05)、9.5%(P<0.05)、10.1%(P<0.05)、15.2%(P<0.05)和18.9%(P<0.05),添加HSCAS能将干物质、能量、粗脂肪和磷的表观消化率提高9.7%(P<0.05)、6.6%(P<0.05)、6.3%(P<0.05)和17.4%(P<0.05),且LAB组能量和钙的表观消化率显著高于HSCAS组(P<0.05)。LAB组的全净膛率和胸肌率也显著高于HSCAS组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在AFB₁污染日粮中添加LAB制剂,对肉鸡的生产性能、养分表观消化率和屠宰性能均具有显著的改善作用,其作用效果显著优于HSCAS脱霉剂。     

Studies on Preparation and Application of Fuzhengjiedusan Compound Preparation Fermentated by Lactic Acid Bacteria in Broilers

This study was aimed toproduce compound preparations of Fuzhengjiedusan fermented with Lactic acid bacteria and analyze its effectson growth performancesand immune organ growth of broilers. Firstly, to identify the influence of traditional Chinese medicine on the growth of Lactic acid bacteria, the medium for the growth of Lactic acid bacteria was filled with different proportions of Astragalusmembranaceus, Radix Isatidis, Epimedium and compound Chinese herbal medicine extracts by single factor test. Secondly, to confirm the optimum medium, orthogonal test was used to optimize the culture medium of compound medicine liquid. Finally, 450 one-day-old healthy AA broilers were randomized into three groups, each group had 3 repeats: control group (antibiotics), group Ⅰ(fermented preparation), group Ⅱ (unfermented preparation). The growth and immune organ index were determined in 21 and 42 days after administration. The results showed that the highest viable count of Astragalusmembranaceus, Radix Isatidis, Epimedium and compound medicine liquid groups were increased by 261.64%, 505.48%, 156.16% and 564.38%, respectively, compared with control group. The optimum medium composition was compound medicine liquid 100 mL, brown sugar 2.0 g, peptone 0.3 g, soybean meal 2.0 g. The viable count of fermentation liquid was 7.13×10⁹ CFU/mL.The production results showed that in period of 1~42 days, the daily weight gain of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were separately increased by 17.84% and 8.22% (P<0.05) than that of the control. What's more, the feed conversion rate was reduced by 10.88% (P<0.05). The average daily feed intake was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). At 21 and 42 days, the spleen index of group Ⅰ were improved by 11.04% and 13.58% (P<0.05), respectively. The bursal index were raised by 31.30% and 26.23% (P<0.05), respectively. However, the spleen index of group Ⅱ were improved by 7.79% and 7.41% (P<0.05), respectively. The bursal index were raised by 15.65% and 11.48% (P<0.05), respectively. On the basis of the above results, it could be suggested that Chinese herbal medicine extracts can promote lactic acid bacteria proliferation and compound fermentation liquid can improve growth performance in broilers, as well as immune organ development.     

乳酸菌发酵扶正解毒散复合制剂的制备及其在肉鸡上的应用研究

本研究旨在制备一种乳酸菌发酵的扶正解毒散复合制剂,并探索其对肉鸡生长性能和免疫器官发育的影响。首先,利用单因子试验法将不同比例的黄芪、板蓝根、淫羊藿及复合中药提取液添加至乳酸菌的培养基中,测定中药对乳酸菌生长的影响;其次,利用正交试验对复合药液培养基进行优化,确定最佳的培养基配方;最后,选取1日龄健康AA肉仔鸡450只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复:对照组(抗生素)、试验Ⅰ组(发酵制剂)、试验Ⅱ组(未发酵制剂),分别在试验的第21、42天测定肉鸡的生长及免疫器官指标。试验结果显示,黄芪、板蓝根、淫羊藿及复合药液组的最高活菌数与对照组相比分别提高了261.64%、505.48%、156.16%、564.38%。通过正交试验得到复合发酵液最适生产培养基配方:复合药液100 mL、红糖2.0 g、蛋白胨0.3 g、豆粕2.0 g,发酵液活菌数为7.13×10⁹ CFU/mL。肉鸡生长试验结果显示,1~42日龄阶段,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的平均日增重分别比对照组提高了17.84%和8.22% (P<0.05),料肉比分别比对照组降低了10.88%和4.66% (P<0.05),平均日采食量明显高于对照组 (P<0.05);21、42日龄时,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组脾指数分别比对照组提高了11.04%和13.58% (P<0.05)、7.79%和7.41% (P<0.05),法氏囊指数分别比对照组提高了31.30%和26.23% (P<0.05)、15.65%和11.48% (P<0.05)。以上试验结果表明中药提取液能促进乳酸菌的增殖,复合发酵液能够提高肉鸡的生长性能并促进免疫器官的发育。     

那西肽(Nosiheptide)对肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响

1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡240只，随机分为4组，每组4个重复，每个重复15只。A0为空白对照组，喂基础日粮；A1喂基础日粮＋1．25mg／kg那西肽（Nosiheptide）；A2喂基础日粮＋2．5mg／kg那西肽；A3喂基础日粮＋5mg／kg那西肽。试验期42d。试验结束后，测定各组胸腺、脾脏和腔上囊系数及外周血和脾脏淋巴细胞的转化率。试验结果表明，那西肽对内仔鸡的免疫器官发育及T、B淋巴细胞转化有押制作用，且押制作用随剂量的增加而增加。     

三颗针提取物和γ-氨基丁酸对肉仔鸡生长性能及免疫性能的影响

本文旨在研究饲粮中添加三颗针提取物和γ -氨基丁酸对肉仔鸡生长性能、养分表观消化率和免疫性能的影响.试验选用1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡240只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10羽.采用单因子试验设计,4组分别为在玉米～豆粕型饲粮中添加0.20％三颗针提取物、0.01％γ-氨基丁酸、0.20％三颗针提取物+...     

复合乳酸菌制剂对犊牛生长、肠道菌群与免疫性能的影响

[目的]研究复合乳酸菌制剂对犊牛生长、肠道菌群、抗氧化及免疫性能的影响。[方法]选取体重相近的30日龄健康荷斯坦犊牛20头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组10头。对照组与试验组饲喂相同的基础日粮,试验组饮水中添加复合乳酸菌制剂（饮水与复合乳酸菌制剂调配比例为50∶1）,对照组不添加,试验期为90 d。计算2组犊牛试验期间平均日增重、腹泻率;分别于试验1、30、60、90 d测定粪便中细菌总数以及乳酸菌和大肠杆菌数量,并测定血液生化、抗氧化与免疫指标。[结果]试验组犊牛的平均日增重与对照组相比无显著（P>0.05）差异,腹泻率低于对照组。试验组犊牛粪样中的乳酸菌数量达到1.41×10⁷ CFU/g,显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,而大肠杆菌数量显著（P<0.05）低于对照组。在试验30、90 d时,试验组犊牛血清中的葡萄糖（GLU）含量显著（P<0.05）高于对照组;在试验60、90 d时,试验组犊牛血清中的总蛋白（TP）含量显著（P<0.05）低于对照组。2组犊牛的抗氧化指标均无显著（P>0.05）差异。在试验90 d时,试验组犊牛的血清IgG、IgA含量高于对照组。[结论]饮水中添加复合乳酸菌制剂可以改善荷斯坦犊牛肠道菌群结构并降低腹泻率。     

乳酸菌益生功能及作用机制研究进

综述了近几年公开发表的一些研究结果,就乳酸菌对促进营养物质的吸收、预防和治疗疾病以及增强机体免疫力等益生功能的研究现状作了介绍,探讨了乳酸菌益生功能的作用机制,并对今后研究的发展方向作了简单分析。     

乳酸菌对猪肠道屏障功能的调节作用及其机制

乳酸菌作为最重要和安全性最高的益生菌来源已被广泛关注,而乳酸菌调控人和动物肠道屏障功能已成为研究的热点,大量的体内外研究表明乳酸菌发挥益生作用的主要机制是通过调节肠道屏障功能实现的.相对于啮齿动物而言,乳酸菌在猪上的应用研究报道很多,对肠黏膜屏障功能的作用研究较少.这些研究尚未触及到乳酸菌作用机制的本质.猪肠道环境的复杂性,使得对乳酸菌调节肠道屏障功能机制的深入认识比较困难.近年来,基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学的发展,为从体内试验的角度解析乳酸菌的确切作用机制提供了新的认识和研究手段.本文综述了乳酸菌对猪肠道屏障功能的调节作用,以期能帮助对乳酸菌的深入认识和科学应用.