Study on Synergistic Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria Yeast Matched with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Preventing Chicks from Colibacillosis

The experiment was aimed to detect the effect of lactic acid bacteria yeast matching with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on efficacy of TCM preventing chicks from colibacillosis.The CTCML compound used in the experiment was composed of effective TCM formula to chick colibacillosis and lactic acid bacteria yeast.Chicks were artificially infected with E.coli for disease model by injecting 0.2 mL (9×10⁸ CFU/mL) E.coli culture into breast muscles.144 eight-day-old chicks were divided into 9 groups,in which CTCML high-dose,middle-dose and low-dose groups were treated with CTCML particles at the dose of 0.6,0.4 and 0.2 g/d respectively before chicks being infected,and mixing the extract liquid of CTCML with drink at the dose of 0.3,0.2 and 0.1 mL/d respectively after chicks being infected.Three TCM high-dose,middle-dose and low-dose groups were treated with TCM at the same doses as CTCML groups.The drug control group was treated with ciprofloxacin hydrochloride.Meanwhile,the infection control group and normal control group were set up.The survival rates of CTCML high-dose,middle-dose and low-dose groups,TCM high-dose,middle-dose and low-dose groups,drug control group,infection control group and normal control group were 75.00%,75.00%,93.75%,68.75%,68.75%,75.00%,75.00%,56.25% and 100.00%,respectively.There were significant differences between CTCML low-dose group and CTCML high-dose and middle-dose groups,TCM high-dose,middle-dose and low-dose groups,drug control group,infection control group (P<0.05).But there were no significant differences between CTCML high-dose and middle-dose groups,TCM high-dose,middle-dose,low-dose groups and drug control group each other (P>0.05).The rate of weight gain of CTCML low-dose group was lower by 29.93% than that of normal control group.CTCML low-dose group had the lowest effect on weight gain of chicks in all infection groups.Compared to normal control group,the rate of weight gain of CTCML middle-dose group reduced by 36.95%,the rate of weight gain of other infection groups reduced by 42.49% to 51.07%.The results showed that TCM was effective on protecting chicks from E.coli infection and the lactic acid bacteria had obvious synergistic effect on TCM.     

中药复方制剂对人工感染鸡大肠杆菌病疗效的研究

本试验应用水提法进行复方中草药有效成分的提取,研究不同剂量的中药提取物对人工感染O78型鸡大肠杆菌病的治疗效果。结果表明,高剂量组（2．0ml／kg）有效率为95％,相对增重率98．87％;中剂量组（1．0ml／kg）有效率为95％,相对增重率98．29％;低剂量组（0．5ml／kg）有效率为80％,相对增重率87．0％。治疗效果的显著性分析表明,以中等剂量的该中药提取物治疗O78型鸡大肠杆菌病可取的较好效果。     

人工感染鸡大肠杆菌病的研究

用大肠杆菌O1、O2、O78的16h培养菌液，发雏鸡大肠杆菌病的发生，通过比较发病程度的不同，采取颈部皮下注射的方法，以不同的感染剂量，人工诱来寻求最佳的感染剂量（菌数）范围。结果表明：雏鸡颈部皮下注射大肠杆菌O1、O2、O78的混合菌液1．0～1．8亿发病程度适中，是人工发病的最佳感染量范围，感染量低于1．0亿或高于1．8亿时发病过轻或过重，对人工发病来说是失败的。     

9种中药方剂对鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果

为了筛选出有效的防治大肠杆菌病的中草药,采用体外抑菌试验和雏鸡大肠杆菌人工感染试验,对黄连解毒汤、白虎汤、清瘟败毒饮、银翘散、清营汤、五味消毒饮、桑菊饮、白头翁汤、双黄连口服液9种经典清热解毒方剂的体外、体内抗大肠杆菌效果进行了测定。结果,以上9种方剂煎煮液(浓度为1g/m L)抑菌圈直径分别为17.85、0、18.44、17.30、18.64、0、17.74、0、18.12mm;9种药物试验组雏鸡平均存活率分别为29.6%、22.7%、17.8%、38.8%、36.0%、32.5%、34.2%、25.9%、31.1%,而攻毒对照组雏鸡平均存活率为14.6%。试验表明,黄连解毒汤、银翘散、清营汤、桑菊饮、双黄连口服液在体外、体内对大肠杆菌均具有一定的防治效果。     

乳酸菌与大肠杆菌相互作用的研究

本文研究了保加利亚乳杆菌L5和嗜热链球菌G7共培养物对大肠杆菌的抑制作用和大肠杆菌对乳酸菌的影响.结果表明,乳酸菌对大肠杆菌的抑制作用强弱受其活力和大肠杆菌浓度的影响.乳酸菌活力高抑制作用强,大肠杆菌浓度低抑制作用强.同样,大肠杆菌可以影响乳酸菌的产酸、产香、生长、产粘、水解蛋白等能力.     

中药制剂对人工感染鸡大肠杆菌病疗效的研究

为了考察中药制剂对人工感染鸡大肠杆菌病的治疗效果。以大肠杆菌标准菌株O_(78)、O_1、O_2三种混合大肠杆菌菌液肌肉注射感染15日龄海蓝褐蛋公鸡,之后口服不同剂量的中药制剂与氟苯尼考粉,观察试验鸡的临床症状、病理变化、病变发生率等,最终统计出试验鸡的死亡率和治愈率。采用Duncan法多重比较,结果各试验组鸡只死亡率均与感染对照组差异显著(P0.05),而试验组之间差异不显著(P0.05),中药高剂量组对感染鸡只治愈率与感染对照组鸡只自愈率差异显著(P0.05),且近似于氟苯尼考粉组。因此,中药制剂可以作为有效控制和治疗鸡大肠杆菌病的途径之一。     

1例雏鸡大肠杆菌病的中药治疗

鸡大肠杆菌病是由致病性埃希氏大肠杆菌病引起的一种传染病，各种H龄的鸡均能感染。本病可经种蛋垂直传播，雏鸡多为阴性感染，若遇到某些降低抵抗力的因素时即可发病。     

中药防治鸡大肠杆菌病的研究进展

利用中药防治鸡大肠杆菌病已成为近几年兽医药界研究的热点,并得到广泛认可。检索国内外相关文献,从中药作用机理、试验研究和临床实践三个方面进行综述,分析在研究和应用过程中存在的问题,并提出加强中药体内抑菌作用、抗炎作用和质粒消除作用机理研究,明确处方作用机理以优化中药配伍,完善中药质量控制体系以增强疗效等建议,为促进中药在防治鸡大肠杆菌病中的广泛应用提供资料参考。     

复方中草药对人工感染肉雏鸡大肠杆菌病的治疗和田间预防试验

用自拟复方中草药对人工感染肉雏鸡大肠杆菌病进行了治疗试验和田间临床预防试验。结果表明：该方药治疗肉雏鸡大肠杆菌病的疗效不低于敏感的抗茵西药。     

乳酸菌发酵中药制剂防制鸡球虫病条件的优化及应用

本试验旨在摸索乳酸菌发酵抗鸡球虫中药制剂的最佳制备条件,研究其对鸡球虫病的防制效果。首先对乳酸菌发酵中药制剂的最佳菌株、接菌量、时间、温度、pH条件进行摸索,制得乳酸菌发酵中药制剂,然后选取150只AA+肉鸡进行效果试验。试验随机分为对照组、感染组、乳酸菌发酵组、西药组和纯中药组,21日龄时计算各试验组鸡生长性能及免疫细胞因子IgG、IL-12、IFN-γ、IL-10的含量。结果显示,3.0%戊糖片球菌PP培养于浓度1.0 g/mL的中药培养基,在pH 6.0、37℃的温度下培养12 h,戊糖片球菌PP的活性最高,生长良好;且乳酸菌发酵组鸡的平均日增重显著高于感染组(P<0.05),高于纯中药组及西药组,但差异不显著(P>0.05),与对照组增重效果相当(P>0.05);其料重比(F/G)显著低于感染组(P<0.05),低于纯中药组、西药组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);其IL-12、IFN-γ的表达均显著高于感染组(P<0.05),高于纯中药组和西药组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);其IL-10、IgG显著高于感染组(P<0.05),稍高于纯中药组及西药组(P>0.05)。结果表明经优化的乳酸菌发酵中药制剂可提高感染球虫鸡的生长性能,且能增强机体免疫水平。     

4味中药复方治疗鸡大肠杆菌病效果的研究

为了评价由小鱼眼草、凉粉草、圆穗蓼、梁王茶4味中药组成的方剂抗鸡致病性大肠杆菌的效果,首先对病料进行分离鉴定,然后采用药敏试验测定药物抑菌圈直径,通过小鼠测定中药安全性,最后人工诱发大肠杆菌病模型治疗试验,并应用中药分别以高、中、低3个剂量（1、0.5和0.25 g/mL）对试验鸡进行灌服治疗。结果显示,麦康凯培养基上呈现红色菌落,革兰氏染色镜检见红色短小杆菌;生化鉴定结果显示,葡萄糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、吲哚和MR显阳性,三糖铁产酸产气,枸橼酸盐、VP和硫化氢显阴性。对分离细菌进行PCR检测,检测基因与对照基因均得到大小为1 466 bp的特异性条带。中药、西药环丙沙星抑菌圈直径分别为15.2和18.3 mm。小鼠灌服中药后全部存活,各试验组小鼠平均增重和空白对照组差异不显著（P>0.05）,未见不良反应。中药高、中、低3个剂量组、环丙沙星组、感染对照组、空白对照组的存活率分别为96.7%、93.3%、63.3%、93.3%、50.0%和100%,中药高、中、低3个剂量组和环丙沙星组治愈率分别为96.7%、93.3%、63.3%和93.3%。中药高、中剂量组平均增重及胸腺重差异不显著（P>0.05）,但显著高于中药低剂量组（P<0.05）;中药高、中剂量组和环丙沙星组脾脏重差异不显著（P>0.05）,但显著高于中药低剂量组和感染对照组（P<0.05）。结果表明,1和0.5 g/mL中药口服液抗菌效果明显,与环丙沙星效果相似,中药低剂量效果不明显。     

中药复方对猪源多重耐药大肠埃希氏菌的耐药性消除研究

为研究中药复方对多重耐药大肠埃希氏菌的耐药性消除效果,以从仔猪腹泻病例分离的1株多重耐药大肠埃希氏菌为研究对象,测定杨树花-地榆、杨树花-地锦草、杨树花-马齿苋和地榆-马齿苋4个中药复方的最小抑菌浓度,通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察该菌株在中药复方作用后微观结构的变化,采用影印法和RT-PCR法测定各中药复方对该菌株耐药表...     

复方中药发酵液对肉鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果及免疫调节作用

试验旨在研究复方中药发酵液对肉鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果及免疫调节作用。选择健康1日龄AA白羽肉鸡240羽,分别进行大肠杆菌O78半数致死剂量和复方中药发酵液对大肠杆菌病的防治试验。在28日龄评价治疗效果,并在28、42日龄分别检测免疫器官指数、抗氧化指标和肠道菌群等指标。结果显示,经过植物乳杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌等菌株发酵后的复方中药发酵液能够将大肠杆菌的感染时间由4 h延迟至24 h,高剂量组（1.0 g/mL）、中剂量组（0.5 g/mL）、抗生素组（硫酸新霉素）有效率分别为80.0%、76.7%和80.0%,治愈率分别为80.0%、70.0%和70.0%;高剂量组与感染组和抗生素组相比,28日龄时胸腺指数分别提高了165.6%（P<0.05）、25.4%（P>0.05）,法氏囊指数分别提高了82.6%和94.3%（P<0.05）,42日龄时胸腺指数分别提高了97.4%和82.0%（P<0.05）,法氏囊指数分别提高了43.4%和27.5%（P<0.05）,28、42日龄时抗氧化指标T-AOC、TP含量及GSH-Px、T-SOD活性差异显著（P<0.05）,能够显著提高肠道内乳酸菌含量,降低大肠杆菌含量（P<0.05）。综上,中剂量组（0.5 g/mL）复方中药发酵液抗菌效果明显,能够替代抗生素,高剂量组（1.0 g/mL）复方中药发酵液对肉鸡其他指标明显优于抗生素。     

Effect of Fermented Traditional Chinese Medicine on Preventing and Treating Colibacillosis and Immune Regulation in Broilers

This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine on treating colibacillosis and immune regulation in chickens.240 healthy 1-day-old AA White-feathered broilers were selected to carry out the control test of Escherichia coli O78 LD₅₀ and compound Chinese medicine fermentation broth on colibacillosis.The therapeutic effect was evaluated at 28 days old,and the immune organ index,antioxidant index and intestinal flora were measured at 28 and 42 days old.The results showed that the infection time of Escherichia coli was delayed from 4 to 24 h after the treatment of fermentation liquid of traditional Chinese medicine fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis.The effective rates of high dose group (1.0 g/mL),medium dose group (0.5 g/mL) and antibiotic group (neomycin sulfate) were 80.0%,76.7% and 80.0%,and the cure rates were 80.0%,70.0% and 70.0%,respectively.Compared with infection and antibiotic groups,the thymus index and bursa index in high dose group at 28 days old were increased by 165.6%(P<0.05),25.4%(P>0.05) and 82.6%(P<0.05),94.3% (P<0.05),respectively.The thymus index and bursa index at 42 days old were increased by 97.4%,82.0% and 43.4%,27.5% (P<0.05),respectively.The T-AOC,TP,GSH-Px and T-SOD antioxidant indexes were significant difference (P<0.05),and significantly increased the content of lactic acid bacteria in intestine and reduced the content of Escherichia coli at 28 and 42 days old (P<0.05).In conclusion,the medium dose group of fermented traditional Chinese medicine (0.5 g/mL) had obvious antibacterial effect and provided substitute for antibiotics,the high dose group of fermented traditional Chinese medicine (1.0 g/mL) was significantly better than antibiotics for broilers.     

Studies on Preparation and Application of Fuzhengjiedusan Compound Preparation Fermentated by Lactic Acid Bacteria in Broilers

This study was aimed toproduce compound preparations of Fuzhengjiedusan fermented with Lactic acid bacteria and analyze its effectson growth performancesand immune organ growth of broilers. Firstly, to identify the influence of traditional Chinese medicine on the growth of Lactic acid bacteria, the medium for the growth of Lactic acid bacteria was filled with different proportions of Astragalusmembranaceus, Radix Isatidis, Epimedium and compound Chinese herbal medicine extracts by single factor test. Secondly, to confirm the optimum medium, orthogonal test was used to optimize the culture medium of compound medicine liquid. Finally, 450 one-day-old healthy AA broilers were randomized into three groups, each group had 3 repeats: control group (antibiotics), group Ⅰ(fermented preparation), group Ⅱ (unfermented preparation). The growth and immune organ index were determined in 21 and 42 days after administration. The results showed that the highest viable count of Astragalusmembranaceus, Radix Isatidis, Epimedium and compound medicine liquid groups were increased by 261.64%, 505.48%, 156.16% and 564.38%, respectively, compared with control group. The optimum medium composition was compound medicine liquid 100 mL, brown sugar 2.0 g, peptone 0.3 g, soybean meal 2.0 g. The viable count of fermentation liquid was 7.13×10⁹ CFU/mL.The production results showed that in period of 1~42 days, the daily weight gain of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were separately increased by 17.84% and 8.22% (P<0.05) than that of the control. What's more, the feed conversion rate was reduced by 10.88% (P<0.05). The average daily feed intake was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). At 21 and 42 days, the spleen index of group Ⅰ were improved by 11.04% and 13.58% (P<0.05), respectively. The bursal index were raised by 31.30% and 26.23% (P<0.05), respectively. However, the spleen index of group Ⅱ were improved by 7.79% and 7.41% (P<0.05), respectively. The bursal index were raised by 15.65% and 11.48% (P<0.05), respectively. On the basis of the above results, it could be suggested that Chinese herbal medicine extracts can promote lactic acid bacteria proliferation and compound fermentation liquid can improve growth performance in broilers, as well as immune organ development.     

乳酸菌发酵扶正解毒散复合制剂的制备及其在肉鸡上的应用研究

本研究旨在制备一种乳酸菌发酵的扶正解毒散复合制剂,并探索其对肉鸡生长性能和免疫器官发育的影响。首先,利用单因子试验法将不同比例的黄芪、板蓝根、淫羊藿及复合中药提取液添加至乳酸菌的培养基中,测定中药对乳酸菌生长的影响;其次,利用正交试验对复合药液培养基进行优化,确定最佳的培养基配方;最后,选取1日龄健康AA肉仔鸡450只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复:对照组(抗生素)、试验Ⅰ组(发酵制剂)、试验Ⅱ组(未发酵制剂),分别在试验的第21、42天测定肉鸡的生长及免疫器官指标。试验结果显示,黄芪、板蓝根、淫羊藿及复合药液组的最高活菌数与对照组相比分别提高了261.64%、505.48%、156.16%、564.38%。通过正交试验得到复合发酵液最适生产培养基配方:复合药液100 mL、红糖2.0 g、蛋白胨0.3 g、豆粕2.0 g,发酵液活菌数为7.13×10⁹ CFU/mL。肉鸡生长试验结果显示,1~42日龄阶段,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的平均日增重分别比对照组提高了17.84%和8.22% (P<0.05),料肉比分别比对照组降低了10.88%和4.66% (P<0.05),平均日采食量明显高于对照组 (P<0.05);21、42日龄时,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组脾指数分别比对照组提高了11.04%和13.58% (P<0.05)、7.79%和7.41% (P<0.05),法氏囊指数分别比对照组提高了31.30%和26.23% (P<0.05)、15.65%和11.48% (P<0.05)。以上试验结果表明中药提取液能促进乳酸菌的增殖,复合发酵液能够提高肉鸡的生长性能并促进免疫器官的发育。     

乳酸菌喷雾干燥技术研究进展

乳酸菌是一种应用于发酵食品工业中的重要微生物,通过其代谢活动产生的乳酸及特殊风味物质可以赋予发酵食品特有的品质,被广泛应用于食品工业、生活保健与临床医学等领域中,因此乳酸菌发酵剂的制备与贮藏至关重要。冷冻干燥技术作为生产乳酸菌发酵剂的传统方法,具有成本高、耗时长及耗能多等缺点,而喷雾干燥具有低成本、高效快速、可连续生产等优点,是一种潜在的可替代冷冻干燥用于制备乳酸菌菌粉的干燥技术,但喷雾干燥过程中热空气对乳酸菌的致死效应导致干燥后乳酸菌的存活率较低。本文综述不同喷雾干燥工艺参数的研究现状,重点总结可能影响喷雾干燥乳酸菌发酵剂质量和功效的外部及内部因素。     

中药复方对人工感染雏鸡大肠埃希菌病及沙门菌病的防治效果观察

为验证中药复方对鸡大肠埃希菌病和沙门菌病的临床效果,对人工感染大肠埃希菌和沙门菌鸡进行防治试验,用O78、O1、O2型大肠埃希菌菌株和鸡白痢沙门菌株对试验组鸡进行人工感染后,分为中药复方高、中、低剂量组,抗生素和健康、阳性对照组。结果表明,中药复方防治两类疾病疗效可靠,效果明显,其中以高剂量组防治效果最好。对人工感染引起的鸡大肠埃希菌病和鸡白痢的保护率为92%,治愈率分别为82%和88%。