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用纸片扩散法测定粤西地区田间分离的19株鸡源大肠杆菌对11种常用抗菌药物的耐药性。结果表明,19种大肠杆菌对抗菌药物的耐药性存在较大差异,其中显示出高敏感性药物为头孢噻肟和氟苯尼考,中度敏感的药物为安普霉素、黏菌素、阿米卡星和乙酰甲喹,大肠杆菌菌株对其余大部分药物出现耐药。 相似文献
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鸡源大肠杆菌ESBLs基因型检测及耐药性分析研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为调查哈尔滨市周边地区鸡源大肠杆菌中超光谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)基因型的流行情况,探索携带ESBLs对鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性的影响,从哈尔滨市周边地区多个养殖场分离了137株鸡源大肠杆菌,用微量肉汤稀释法测定137株菌对18种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度,采用CLSI推荐的表型筛选和确证试验检测大肠杆菌携带ESBLs情况,用PCR方法检测ESBLs基因(blaTEM、blaSHV、blaCTX-M、blaOXA)的流行分布情况。结果显示:109株大肠杆菌为产ESBLs菌株,占79.6%;137株鸡源大肠杆菌对临床常用18种抗菌药物产生不同程度耐药,且产ESBLs大肠杆菌的耐药性比非产ESBLs大肠杆菌的耐药性严重;blaTEM、blaCTX-M基因阳性率分别为40.9%、71.5%,所有菌株均未扩增出blaSHV和blaOXA基因。提示,blaTEM和blaCTX-M基因为哈尔滨地区鸡源产ESBLs大肠杆菌的流行基因型,且鸡源产ESBLs大肠杆菌菌株分布广泛,应加强当地用药监管。 相似文献
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鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大肠杆菌是人及动物消化道中的正常寄生菌群,一般情况下对机体无害,并且在肠道内能合成维生素B和维生素K,产生大肠菌素,对机体有益。但由于人们对抗生素药物使用不当,诱发形成了抗药菌株,并使其不断增加与扩散,在多种动物体内呈现致病作用,成为致病性大肠杆菌。由致病性大肠杆菌引起的大肠杆菌病在猪、鸡、鸭、鱼乃至人类中均有发病的报道。大肠杆菌病的广泛流行,不仅危及人、畜健康,还造成巨大的经济损失,因此,对大肠杆菌及大肠杆菌病的研究是非常必要的。 相似文献
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以扬州市的65个规模化养殖场为观察对象,分离培养1180个样品,共获得839株鸡大肠杆菌,分离率达70.89%。通过微量肉汤稀释法对9种常用抗菌药物进行耐药性测定,结果表明,各类药物均具有不同程度的耐药性。其中,大观霉素和多粘菌素E的耐药率较低,而复方新诺明、氟苯尼考和土霉素的耐药率则偏高,均超过80%。提示鸡大肠杆菌对于常用的抗菌药物均存在不同程度的耐药性。 相似文献
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WANG Ying LI Xin-nan HAN Juan-zhu LIU Ying-zi WANG Hong-jun GAO Shen-yang WU Si-si ZHANG Li-bo ZHOU Tie-zhong 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3329-3337
From 2012 to 2014,300 chicken cloacal swab samples were collected from a broiler farm in Liaoning province,152 strains of chicken-derived Escherichia coli were isolated and identified.The 152 strains of chicken-derived Escherichia coli were detected on 14 kinds of veterinary antimicrobial drugs and 16 kinds of antimicrobial drugs for human by using trace dilution method,and reference to CLSI enterobacter decision criteria to determine.The results showed that chicken-derived Escherichia coli had obvious resistance to veterinary antimicrobial drugs (amoxicillin,ampicillin,enrofloxacin,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,sulfafurazole,tetracycline) and antimicrobial drugs for human (piperacillin,ticarcillin,ciprofloxacin),the resistance rates were high.The resistance test results of isolated chicken-derived Escherichia coli comparing with the MIC value distribution of EUCAST wild type strains were same,but through comparing MIC value distribution,the results showed the isolates of spectinomycin,ampicillin,enrofloxacin,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,cefalotin,cefuroxime,ciprofloxacin and tobramycin drugs MIC value moved to the right obviously,indicated that the antibiotic resistant strength of Escherichia coli increased gradually.The process of breeding and strict biosecurity measures should be taken scientifically to control diseases,and the antibacterial agents should be applied reasonably to control broiler farm production and propagation of bacterial drug resistance. 相似文献
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ZHI Chan-ping GUO Xiao-ting YAO Xu GUO Ze-wen WU Sheng-jun YI Ling-xian CHENG Bang-zhao WANG Jun-jun LIU Jian-hua 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3351-3357
To determine the drug resistance of E.coli strains from swine and chicken in organic farm,collection of stool specimens was conducted in one organic farm in Conghua city,Guangdong province in 2014,in which 118 E.coli strains were separated,including 55 from chicken and 63 from swine.The sensitivity of the E.coli strains from swine and chicken to 18 kinds of drugs was detected through agar dilution method.Similar properties in drug resistance were observed both in E.coli strains from swine and chicken in the same organic farm.In consideration of the resistance rate,samples were relatively sensitive to ceftazidime,cefquinome,cefoxitin,amikacin,apramycin,gentamicin,neomycin,florfenicol,chloramphenicol,imipenem,ciprofloxacin and olaquindox (chicken 0 to 21.8%;swine 0 to 14.3%).These isolates showed moderate resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin (chicken 29.1% to 38.2%;swine 23.8% to 27.0%).About 56.4% chicken isolates and 47.6% swine isolates showed resistant to more than 3 kinds of drugs.However,severe resistance was observed in trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole,tetracyclineand and doxycycline (chicken 45.5%,76.4% and 72.7%;swine 50.8%,81.0% and 68.3%).The results also indicated that under organic farming mode,the drug resistance rates of E.coli strains from swine and chicken were relatively low in general.Multi-drug resistance existed but was relatively slight.Although the drug resistance rate to several specific antimicrobials was high,it was still lower than that in conventional farms.Since most studies focused on the drug resistance of the bacteria under conventional farming model,this study filled the blank of the research of drug resistance under organic farming model. 相似文献
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有机农场鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,2014年从广东从化某有机农场鸡、猪粪便中采集并分离出118株大肠杆菌,包括55株鸡源大肠杆菌和63株猪源大肠杆菌,采用琼脂稀释法测定大肠杆菌对18种抗菌药的敏感性。结果发现,同一有机农场中,鸡源大肠杆菌与猪源大肠杆菌在耐药种类及耐药率上均呈现相似规律,对头孢他啶、头孢喹肟、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁、阿米卡星、安普霉素、庆大霉素、新霉素、氟苯尼考、氯霉素、亚胺培南、环丙沙星、喹乙醇等较敏感(鸡0~21.8%,猪0~14.3%),对氨苄西林、链霉素呈现轻度耐药(鸡29.1%~38.2%,猪23.8%~27.0%),对复方新诺明、四环素、多西环素呈现较严重耐药(鸡45.5%、76.4%和72.7%,猪50.8%、81.0%和68.3%)。鸡源大肠杆菌中3耐及3耐以上的菌株占56.4%,猪源大肠杆菌占47.6%。结果表明有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药率相对较低,多重耐药现象存在但相对轻微,对个别临床常用抗菌药耐药率虽较严重但比常规养殖场低。由于目前国内大部分学者致力于研究常规养殖方式下细菌耐药情况,本研究很好地填补了有机养殖模式下畜禽大肠杆菌耐药性研究的空白。 相似文献
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为探究绿原酸对鸡源抗生素耐药大肠杆菌抑菌及耐药消除的作用机制,以影印法分离绿原酸浓度为1.25 mg/mL(亚抑菌浓度,1/2 MIC)的LB肉汤培养的第3代禽源大肠杆菌耐药逆转菌株,以微板法测定耐药逆转菌株的左氧氟沙星最小抑菌浓度(MIC),并进一步通过转录组测序方法分析绿原酸消除大肠杆菌耐药性的分子机制。结果显示:耐药逆转菌株对左氧氟沙星的MIC由16 μg/mL降低至4~8 μg/mL,说明1.25 mg/mL的绿原酸可在一定程度上消除耐药大肠杆菌的左氧氟沙星耐药性。为进一步解析绿原酸对鸡源大肠杆菌耐药消除作用的分子机制,通过转录组测序方法对耐药性消除前后鸡源大肠杆菌基因表达水平进行对比分析发现:绿原酸作用后共有12个基因的表达量发生显著下调,通过荧光定量PCR验证结果基本一致。经过GO功能富集分析和KEGG代谢通路富集分析发现,差异表达基因在功能上集中于膜组成成分和DNA重组,在代谢通路富集中差异基因均与代谢相关,差异基因中bhsA、cysP为Coli-HB染色质转录RNA(GenBank登录号:CP020933),oqxA、oqxR、emaA、pinR、xerD、folA、repA、repC、adhP、IS26为Coli-HB质粒1转录RNA(GenBank登录号:CP020934)。从差异表达基因的分布可以看出,绿原酸可以抑制细菌DNA重组、使细菌抗逆性减弱、抑制耐药基因活性等,在一定程度上消除大肠杆菌的左氧氟沙星耐药性,起到抑菌及耐药消除作用。 相似文献
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为探索奶牛子宫内膜炎源性大肠埃希菌耐药基因及其耐药性之间的关系。采用K-B纸片法对临床分离的54株奶牛子宫内膜炎源性大肠埃希菌进行12种抗菌药物敏感性测定,应用PCR进行这些抗菌药物相关耐药基因的检测。结果显示,54株大肠埃希菌对复方新诺明、恩诺沙星和四环素的耐药率较高,分别为67%、39%和35%。分离的54株大肠埃希菌中有41株至少含有所检测耐药基因中的1种,CyrA、CyrB、ParC和Tet耐药基因较为普遍,其耐药菌基因检出率依次为96%、83%、100%和95%,13株没有检测到相应的耐药基因。奶牛子宫内膜炎源性大肠埃希菌对常见抗菌药物耐药严重,耐药基因普遍存在于耐药菌株中,除氨基糖苷类耐药菌株,其他3种抗菌药物类型耐药表型与耐药基因检测结果有较高一致性。 相似文献
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广西某地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性及部分菌株耐药基因调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
试验旨在探究广西某地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药性及部分菌株所含耐药基因情况,为预防及治疗动物性大肠杆菌类疾病提供参考。采用麦康凯琼脂培养基及伊红美蓝琼脂培养基初步鉴定、显微镜镜检、分子生物学16S rRNA鉴定、药物敏感性二倍肉汤微量稀释法等方法进行大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,并结合PCR相关技术对部分菌株的三十余种耐药基因进行检测。结果显示,从广西某地区采集的猪源病料中共分离得到65株猪源大肠杆菌,其均为多重耐药大肠杆菌且多集中于六重耐药与七重耐药。按所耐抗菌药物的种类分析发现其对β-内酰胺类、磺胺类、大环内酯类药物具有较高耐药性,耐药率分别98.46%、90.77%及84.62%,进一步分析发现其主要是对头孢噻呋钠、阿莫西林、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、阿奇霉素等抗菌药物具有较高耐药性,对美罗培南、阿米卡星、黏杆菌素较为敏感。对部分菌株所含耐药基因进行整理发现,其多含有四环素类(tetA、tetM)、β-内酰胺类(CTX-m-u)及磺胺类(Sul2)耐药基因。综上所述发现广西地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性情况较为严重,所含耐药基因也相对较多,因此在实际生产中需采用联合用药等相关措施进行疾病治疗以达到快速高效治疗疾病的目的。 相似文献
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为探明泰州地区鸡源大肠杆菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)情况及耐药情况,对13株分离自泰州地区的鸡源大肠杆菌进行ESBLs检测,并采用微量肉汤稀释法测定不同药物对产ESBLs菌和非产ESBLs菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC).结果显示,13株分离菌中有5株被确定为产ESBLs菌株,阳性率为38.5%.产ESBLs菌对β-内酰胺类抗菌药的耐药性极其严重,耐药率明显高于非产ESBLs菌,二者对氨苄西林的耐药率分别为100%和62.5%,对头孢噻呋的耐药率分别为100%和12.5%,对头孢曲松的耐药率分别为80%和20%,产ESBLs菌对其他抗菌药物的耐药率也明显高于非产ESBLs菌.氨苄西林与舒巴坦(2:1)联用与单用氨苄西林相比,对产ESBLs菌的MIC值降低至单用氨苄西林时的1/16~1/8,但对非产ESBLs菌的MIC值没有明显变化.氨苄西林与阿米卡星(1:1)联用与单用两者中的任何一种相比,对产ESBLs菌和非产ESBLs菌的MIC值均降低至单药时的1/16~1/2.结果表明,临床可选择β-内酰胺酶类抗生素与β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的混合制剂来治疗产ESBLs鸡大肠杆菌的感染,也可尝试将不同种类、不同作用机理药物联合应用来治疗鸡大肠杆菌感染,尤其是耐药性鸡大肠杆菌感染. 相似文献