日粮阴阳离子平衡对高温环境中奶牛生产性能和血液指标的影响

选择泌乳前期奶牛15头,随机分成3组,每组5头,采用3×3重复拉丁方设计,分别饲喂3种不同日粮阴阳离子平衡(DCAB)的日粮,其中对照组A(DCAB为83meq/kgDM),B组(DCAB为275meq/kgDM),C组(DCAB为425meq/kgDM),研究DCAB对高温环境中奶牛生产性能和血清生化特性的影响。结果表明:(1)DCAB显著影响泌乳奶牛的血气指标,与对照组相比B组和C组血清的pH值显著增加(P<0.05)。血液中的HCO3-浓度和CO2总量)随着DCAB的增加而显著降低(P<0.05)。血液中的)随着DCAB的增加而显著增加。血液中的CO2分压(PCO2(TCO2)随着DCAB的增加而增加(P<0.05)。(2)血清中雌激素(E2)的浓度随着DCAB的)和O2饱和度(SATO2O2分压(PO2增加而显著增加。血清中的肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)随着DCAB的增加而降低,与对照组相比B组和C组奶牛血清中的CK分别降低了29.1%(P<0.01)和25.2%(P<0.01)。血清中的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和谷丙转氨酶(GTP)受DCAB影响不显著。(3)DCAB对热应激奶牛的生产性能具有显著影响。275meq/kgDM组的产奶量及4%标准乳产量分别比对照组提高10%(P<0.05)和10.1%(P<0.05)。DCAB对奶牛的乳脂率和乳蛋白率无显著影响。从对血液缓冲能力、激素和酶水平及生产性能等方面考虑,在泌乳前期当DCAB为275meq/kgDM时饲喂效果最佳。     

低蛋白日粮添加氨基酸对肉兔生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

选择60日龄虎皮黄兔90只,研究低蛋白日粮添加氨基酸对其生产性能及体内与蛋白质、氨基酸代谢有关的血液生化指标的影响。结果表明,通过添加合成氨基酸,日粮粗蛋白下降2个百分点,对日增重、料肉 比、血浆尿素氮、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、血清蛋白质、肝糖元无显著影响(P<0.05),当日粮粗蛋白下降4～6个百分点时,日增重、料肉比极显著下降(P<0.01),血清尿素氮显著升高(P<0.05),其他血液生化指标未产生显著影响。但是有数值上的变化,变化趋势与生产性能变化一致。     

日粮中添加藜麦秸秆对奶牛生产性能和血清生化指标的影响

为研究日粮中添加藜麦秸秆对奶牛生产性能和血清生化指标的影响,试验根据胎次相同,产犊时间、体重、产奶量相近的原则,选择16头中国荷斯坦奶牛作为试验牛。采用单因子随机试验设计,随机分为4组,每组4头牛,分别饲喂4种不同比例藜麦秸秆的全混合日粮(TMR)。藜麦秸秆的干物质(DM)添加比例分别为0%(Ⅰ组),5%(Ⅱ组),10%(Ⅲ组),15%(Ⅳ组)。预试期10d,正式期60d。结果表明:试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的产奶量、4%标准乳产量显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的产奶量分别比试验Ⅰ组高6.58%和6.87%,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的4%标准乳分别比试验Ⅰ组高5.37%和10.61%;试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的乳脂率、乳糖率、乳蛋白率和乳总固形物差异均不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组的粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组葡萄糖、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、尿素氮、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,奶牛日粮中添加藜麦秸秆能提高其产奶量,对血清生化指标无不利影响。     

低蛋白氨基酸平衡日粮对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

试验选取38头35日龄±1日龄断奶、体重在5.9kg左右的杂交仔猪为试验动物。随机分为 3组，研究 3种不同蛋白质水平（17％、18％和20％）的玉米—膨化大豆型基础日粮对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响，试验期为28d。试验结果表明：①蛋白含量为 18％的试验组仔猪的腹泻率为最低（ 9.18％），与17％的试验组的差异不显著（ P>0.05），与20％的试验组差异极显著（ P<0.01）；②蛋白质含量为18％的试验组仔猪的料肉比为1.79，而蛋白为17％和20％的试验组则分别为1.97、1.94。说明低蛋白氨基酸平衡日粮对仔猪生产性能无影响，但可明显影响减少仔猪的腹泻率。     

日粮离子平衡在奶牛生产中的重要性

奶牛日粮中离子平衡水平与动物的采食量及氨基酸的代谢等有密切的关系。在充分考虑日粮能量蛋白平衡、氨基酸平衡和钙磷平衡后,日粮中阴阳离子平衡(dietary cation anion banlance,DCAB)的重要性逐渐得到了研究者的重视。研究的最初阶段主要是针对日粮中阴阳离子浓度对产前或干乳期奶牛的生产健康的影响,随着反刍动物营养代谢理论和日粮平衡技术的深入,越来越多的研究者将目光放到了对泌乳期奶牛产奶数量和质量的研究上。奶牛日粮中的主要阳离子(Na 、K )和主要阴离子(Cl-、SO42-)之间的比例失调,会使血液中的pH升高或降低,严重时会使酸…     

日粮阴阳离子平衡对热应激奶牛血液生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究日粮阴阳离子平衡（dietary cation-anion balance,DCAB）对热应激条件下奶牛血液生化指标的影响。采用随机完全试验设计,选取75头健康的泌乳中期（104.8 DIM±12 DIM）中国荷斯坦奶牛,根据胎次、产奶量、体重相近的原则随机分为5组,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组和对照组分别饲喂DCAB值为195.76、186.68、177.77、166.94、239.12 mEq/kg DM的日粮。试验期为67 d,其中预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的O₂分压与试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组和对照组相比,均有显著提高（P<0.05）,但DCAB对P_CO2、pH、HCO₃^-、TCO₂、SATO₂影响差异不显著（P>0.05）;DCAB对奶牛血清中肌酸磷酸激酶（CK）产生了显著的影响（P<0.05）,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组和对照组相比,均有不同程度的降低,DCAB对奶牛血清中谷丙转氨酶（GPT）的影响差异不显著（P>0.05）,但试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组和对照组相比,均有不同程度的升高,分别为13.98%、15.99%、10.77%和4.55%、6.40%、1.61%。奶牛血清中T4、T3、COR的浓度受DCAB的影响差异不显著（P>0.05）,但对奶牛血清中尿素氮的浓度有显著影响（P<0.05）,随着日粮DCAB值的升高,血清中尿素氮的浓度呈上升趋势,试验Ⅰ组最高。综合上述指标,在热应激条件下,泌乳中期奶牛饲喂DCAB值为186.68～195.76 mEq/kg DM的日粮时对改善其健康较为适宜。     

日粮锌水平对獭兔生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

Vc-Ⅱ獭兔是中国人民解放军军需大学培育的新品系 ,具有繁殖性能高、生长速度快、被毛质量优等特点 ,属于皮肉兼用型兔。但其确切的营养需求仍是空白 ,因此很难充分发挥Vc -Ⅱ獭兔的品系优势。笔者研究的目的在于探索日粮Zn水平对Vc -Ⅱ生长獭兔生产性能、血液生化指标的影响 ,以期为獭兔Zn需要量的建立提供科学依据。1　材料与方法1.1　试验动物分组和日粮配制选取 4 5日龄Vc-Ⅱ生长獭兔 72只 ,公母各半 ,随机分成4组 ,每组 3个重复 ,每个重复 6只。除锌以外的其它营养素均参照法国AEC家兔饲养标准。对照组、试验 1组、试验 2组、试验 …     

日粮大豆磷脂对奶牛生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

为研究日粮大豆磷脂水平对泌乳早期奶牛生产性能、消化代谢和血液生化指标的影响,本试验选取8头初产泌乳早期中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成4组,每组2头,采用4×4重复拉丁方试验设计进行研究。4种日粮处理中大豆磷脂的添加量分别为日粮干物质基础的0,1%,2%和3%。结果显示:大豆磷脂对奶牛干物质采食量无显著影响(P>0.05),但提高了饲料转化率,尤其是2%添加组饲料转化率显著提高(P<0.05);与对照组相比,2%大豆磷脂组奶牛的产奶量、4%标准乳、日产乳脂量和乳蛋白量显著提高(P<0.05);各组间乳成分和乳体细胞数无显著差异(P>0.05);3%大豆磷脂水平显著降低了酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率(P<0.05),极显著提高了血清甘油三酯含量(P<0.01),但对粗蛋白、粗脂肪及中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。结果表明:日粮大豆磷脂能够提高奶牛产奶量,提高奶牛的健康状况和免疫机能,经济效益显著。在奶牛日粮中最佳添加量为2%(干物质基础)。     

日粮对奶牛生产性能及经济效益的影响

60头中国荷斯坦奶牛饲喂4种不同紫花苜蓿干草配比、不同精粗比的日粮,以研究日粮配方对奶牛生产性能、经济收益的影响,确定最佳日粮配方。试验结果说明,大比例紫花苜蓿干草(紫花苜蓿=24%DM)、低精粗比(40:60)日粮极显著提高乳脂率(P<0.01);日粮营养水平提高(P<0.05),产奶量提高(P<0.01);最佳经济效益日粮为含大比例紫花苜蓿、精料比例低、营养水平较低的日粮(P<0.01);在低的精粗比例下,紫花苜蓿干草不是日粮成本的限制因素,而青贮饲料配比为日粮成本的限制因素。合理安排精粗比例,适当使用紫花苜蓿干草,可提高奶牛饲养经济效益。     

日粮对奶牛生产性能及经济效益的影响

60头中国荷斯坦奶牛饲喂4种不同紫花苜蓿干草配比、不同精粗比的日粮,以研究日粮配方对奶牛生产性能、经济收益的影响,确定最佳日粮配方。试验结果说明,大比例紫花苜蓿干草(紫花苜蓿=24%DM)、低精粗比(40:60)日粮极显著提高乳脂率(P<0.01);日粮营养水平提高,产奶量提高(P<0.05;P<0.01);最佳经济效益日粮为含大比例紫花苜蓿、精料比例低、营养水平较低的日粮(P<0.01);在低的精粗比例下,紫花苜蓿干草不是日粮成本的限制因素,而青贮饲料配比为日粮成本的限制因素。合理安排精粗比例,适当使用紫花苜蓿干草,可提高奶牛饲养经济效益。     

Effect of Amino Acid Balance Diet on Production Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Economic Benefits in Dairy Cows

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of amino acid balance diet on production performance,serum biochemical indexes and economic benefits in dariy cows.36 healthy Holstein cows in the early lactation period were selected,the average number of lactation (DIM) was (39.69±12.48) d,the average parity was 3.02±0.64.Principle of experiments using single factor randomized experimental design accroding to age,milk yield,parity identical same or similar,the 36 Holstein cows were assigned by random block design to 3 groups,and each group were 12 cows.The control group cows were fed with TMR diets only adding rumen-protected methionine (HMBi);Diets of group 1 and 2 were on the basis of control group,respectively adding two kinds of rumen-protected lysine levels in order to balance the amino acid in diet.The results showed as follows:① Compared with control group,the feeding conversion ratio in groups 1 and 2 were increased by 10.60% and 11.26% (P>0.05),respectively,while the dry matter intake had no significantly changed (P>0.05),the 4% average daily milk yield in groups 1 and 2 were significantly increased by 8.65% and 10.58% (P<0.05),respectively,and the milk fat and milk protein yield in groups 1 and 2 were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01),respectively.Adding amino acid balance diet had no significantly effects on reproductive performance and health conditions in dariy cows (P>0.05).② When feeding the amino acid balance diets for 60 days,the contents of GLU and TAA in serum of dairy cows were significantly increased (P<0.05),while the BUN content was significantly decreased (P<0.05).③ Compared with control group,the economic benefits of groups 1 and 2 were increased by 15.09 and 16.36 yuan/(head·d).The results indicated that feeding the amino acid balance diets could significantly improve production performance of dairy cows,and there was a tendency to improve metabolic conditions.     

糊化阴离子盐和过瘤胃氯化胆碱对围产期奶牛生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究日粮中添加糊化阴离子盐和过瘤胃氯化胆碱(RPC)对围产期奶牛生产性能和血液生化指标的影响。采用随机分组试验设计,选取20头健康荷斯坦奶牛,按胎次(2~4)、年龄、上一胎次泌乳量和预产期相似原则分为4组,每组5头。对照组饲喂TMR日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在饲喂TMR日粮＋200 g糊化阴离子盐基础上分别添加10、20、30 g/(头·d)RPC。预试期7 d,正试期从预产期前21 d饲喂至产犊结束。结果表明:①各试验组产前21 d大部分时间点的干物质采食量(DMI)均显著高于对照组(P< 0.05);各试验组营养物质表观消化率普遍高于对照组,其中添加20、30 g/(头·d)RPC能显著提高粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的表观消化率(P< 0.05),各试验组钙(Ca)表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P< 0.05),添加30 g/(头·d)RPC能显著提高粗脂肪(EE)表观消化率(P< 0.05)。②各试验组产后90 d内的总泌乳量显著或极显著高于对照组(P< 0.05;P< 0.01);添加20、30 g/(头·d)RPC能显著提高饲料转化率(P< 0.05);添加30 g/(头·d)RPC能显著提高初乳中乳干物质率、乳蛋白率和乳脂率(P< 0.05)。③各试验组血清Ca²⁺含量显著高于对照组(P< 0.05);添加20、30 g/(头·d)RPC能显著提高部分时间点血浆甘油三酯(TG)含量(P< 0.05),显著降低部分时间点血浆总胆固醇(TCHO)、β-羟丁酸(BHBA)和游离脂肪酸(NEFA)的含量(P< 0.05)。综上所述,围产前期添加阴离子盐和PRC能提高奶牛产前干物质采食量和部分营养物质表观消化率,改善围产期血钙和血脂代谢,提高生产性能和饲料转化率,围产期奶牛日粮在添加200 g糊化阴离子盐的基础上,PRC的最适添加量为30 g/(头·d)。     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌对奶牛泌乳性能、乳成分及血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究解淀粉芽孢杆菌对奶牛泌乳性能、乳成分及血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响.选用30头胎次、初始体重、产奶量、泌乳天数相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为3组,每组10头.3组奶牛分别补饲0(对照组)、5×109、5×1010 CFU/d解淀粉芽孢杆菌.采用全混合日粮(TMR)饲喂,预试期10 d,正试期42 d....     

Effects of Pasting Anionic Salt and RPC on Production Performance and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Perinatal Dairy Cows

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of pasting anionic salt and RPC on production performance and blood biochemical indexes of perinatal dairy cows.Using randomized trial design, 20 healthy Holstein cows which according to the tire time (2 to 4), age, last time lactation quantity and parturition date were chosen.They were divided into four groups, 5 cows per group.The control group was fed TMR diet, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ groups were fed the basal diet +200 g pasting anion salt and supplemented with 10, 20, 30 g/(head·d) RPC, respectively.There were 7 days to pilot test, formal test was from antenatal 21 d to parturition.The results showed that:①DMI of all experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control group during most of antenatal 21 days (P< 0.05);The nutrients apparent digestibility of all experimental groups were generally higher than that of control group;Add 20, 30 g/(head·d) RPC was significantly increased the apparent digestibility of CP, NDF, ADF (P< 0.05);The apparent digestibility of Ca of all experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control group (P< 0.05);Add 30 g/(head·d) RPC was significantly increased the apparent digestibility of EE (P< 0.05).②Among postpartal 90 days, the total milk yield of all experimental groups were significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of control group (P< 0.05;P< 0.01);Add 20, 30 g/(head·d) RPC was significantly enhanced the feed conversion rate (P< 0.05);Add 30 g/(head·d) RPC was improved the percentage of milk dry matter, milk protein and milk fat of colostrum (P< 0.05).③Serum Ca²⁺ concentration of all experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control group (P< 0.05);Add 20, 30 g/(head·d) RPC was significantly increased the part time plasma TG levels (P< 0.05), significantly reduced the part time plasma contents of TCHO, BHBA and NEFA (P< 0.05).In conclusion, among the perinatal period added pasting anionic salt and RPC could improve early prenatal DMI and part nutrients apparent digestibility, improve perinatal blood calcium and blood lipid metabolism, and enhance the production performance and feed conversion rate, based on adding 200 g pasting anion salt among early perinatal, the best add amount of RPC was 30 g/(head·d).     

过瘤胃豆粕替代常规豆粕对奶牛生产性能及血浆生化指标的影响

本试验旨在探究不同比例过瘤胃豆粕替代常规豆粕对奶牛生产性能及血浆生化指标的影响。选择胎次、体重、平均泌乳量和泌乳天数相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛60头,随机分为4组,每组15头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组用过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中12.5%的常规豆粕,试验Ⅱ组用过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中25.0%的常规豆粕,试验Ⅲ组用过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中50.0%的常规豆粕。预试期为15 d,正试期为45 d。结果表明:1)各试验组奶牛的干物质采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着过瘤胃豆粕替代比例的增加而升高,但各试验组之间均差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)各试验组奶牛的产奶量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着过瘤胃豆粕替代比例的增加而显著升高(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组奶牛的乳蛋白率显著高于试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅰ组和对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅱ组奶牛的乳尿素氮含量显著高于试验Ⅰ组和对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间奶牛的乳脂率、乳糖率、非脂乳固体、乳体细胞数差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)各试验组血浆总蛋白和葡萄糖含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着过瘤胃豆粕替代比例的增加而显著升高(P<0.05)。各组间血浆尿素氮含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性差异均不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,在我国规模化奶牛场应用过瘤胃豆粕替代常规豆粕可以提高奶牛的干物质采食量,改善乳成分,同时改善奶牛机体代谢。在本试验条件下,以过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中50.0%的常规豆粕效果最佳。     

中草药添加剂对围产期奶牛血液生化指标及生产性能的影响

本研究旨在研究中草药添加剂对围产期奶牛血液生化指标及生产性能的影响。试验选择36头体况、预产期和胎次相近的荷斯坦奶牛,采用完全随机试验设计,分为3组,每组12头奶牛。3组奶牛在基础日粮中分别添加0、150和300 g/d的中草药添加剂,预饲期1周,正饲期6周。奶牛产后每周采集1次饲料样、血样和奶样,测定其干物质采食量、血液生化指标及乳成分等指标。结果表明,随着中草药添加剂饲喂量的增加,围产期奶牛产后产奶量表现出一定的升高趋势,产奶量分别增加5.1%和10.6%,但与对照组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）,围产期奶牛饲喂中草药添加剂对干物质采食量没有显著影响（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,随着中草药添加剂饲喂量的增加,乳中体细胞数显著降低（P<0.05）,分别下降62.7%和76.6%,但对乳中其他常规指标没有显著的影响（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,随着中草药添加剂饲喂量的增加,奶牛血清中非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）含量显著降低（P<0.05）,降低水平分别为29.0%和35.1%,血清中其他常规指标没有显著变化（P>0.05）。综上所述,在本试验条件下,推荐围产期奶牛中草药添加剂添加量为300 g/d,可以显著降低乳中体细胞数和血中NEFA含量,改善奶牛健康状况,提高奶牛产后生产性能。     

Effect of Chinese Herb Additive on Blood Biochemical Indices and Production Performance in Transition Dairy Cows

The objective of the experiment was to investigate the effect of Chinese herb additive on production performance and blood biochemical indices in transition dairy cows.Thirty six Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to three treatments,supplemented with 0,150 and 300 g/d Chinese herb additive,respectively.Experimental duration was 7 weeks and the first week was the preliminary period.After delivery,feed,blood and milk samples were collected once a week for the measurement of dry matter intake,blood biochemical indexes and milk components.The results showed that cows fed 150 and 300 g/d Chinese herb additive tended to increase milk production (5.1% and 10.6% respectively) compared to control group,but the difference was not significant (P<0.05).Meanwhile,the somatic cell count in milk significantly decreased (P<0.05),which decreased by 62.7% and 76.6%,respectively.Feeding Chinese herb additive had no significant effect on dry matter intake and other milk composition (P>0.05).Compared to control group,cows received Chinese herb additive significantly decreased the content of serum NEFA (P<0.05),which decreased by 29.0% and 35.1%,respectively.There was no significant difference on other indexes in serum (P>0.05).The results showed that dietary supplementation with 300 g/d Chinese herb additive had a good effect for transition dairy cows,which could significantly reduce the somatic cell count in milk and the content of NEFA in blood,and would improve the health status of dairy cows,and the postpartum production performance of dairy cows.     

Effect of Supplementation of Ligustrum lucidum Ait on Production Performance and Blood Biochemical Indices in Dairy Cows

The objective of the experiment was to investigate the effect of supplementation of Ligustrum lucidum Ait on production performance and blood biochemical indices in dairy cows.Forty eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to four groups with twelve individuals in each group.The control group was fed a TMR diet,groups N1 to N3 were fed the TMR diets supplemented with 150,300,450 g/d Ligustrum lucidum Ait,respectively.The pre-test period lasted for 1 week and the trial period lasted for 7 weeks.The results showed that compared with control group,the supplementation of 450 g/d Ligustrum lucidum Ait significantly increased 4% FCM (P<0.05),the supplementation of 150 g/d Ligustrum lucidum Ait significantly increased milk fat content (P<0.05).Dietary supplementation of Ligustrum lucidum Ait had no effects on DMI,milk yield,milk protein,total solids (TS) and somatic cell counts (SCC) (P>0.05).Compared with control group,the supplementation of Ligustrum lucidum Ait significantly decreased blood TG content (P<0.05),and had no effects on other blood biochemical indices (P>0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation of Ligustrum lucidum Ait could improve milk quality and yield,and the lipid metabolism of dairy cows.     

补饲女贞子对泌乳奶牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究补饲女贞子对泌乳奶牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响。选择48头健康的泌乳中期中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成4组,每个处理组12头奶牛,对照组饲喂全混合日粮(TMR),N1、N2、N3组分别在饲喂TMR日粮的基础上补饲150、300、450 g/d女贞子。预试期1周,正试期7周。结果表明,与对照组相比,补饲450 g/d女贞子可显著提高泌乳奶牛4%校正乳产量(P<0.05),补饲150 g/d女贞子可显著提高泌乳奶牛乳脂含量(P<0.05),而对泌乳奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量及乳蛋白、总固形物含量和体细胞数均无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,补饲女贞子可显著降低泌乳奶牛血液中甘油三酯含量(P<0.05),而对其他血液生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,补饲女贞子具有提高泌乳中期奶牛生产性能、改善机体脂类代谢的作用。     

竹叶提取物对热应激奶牛泌乳性能及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究竹叶提取物对热应激奶牛泌乳性能及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响.试验于2019年7—8月进行,试验期间日平均温湿度指数为75.87,奶牛处于自然热应激状态.选取24头体重[(559.2±37.4)kg]、泌乳天数[(185.7±16.9)d]、胎次[(3.3±0.3)胎]和产奶量[(37.6±0.8)k...