共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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黄点直缘跳甲Ophrida xanthospilota Baly系山东新记录,近年来在泰山发现危害黄栌Cotinus coggygria Engl.叶片。该虫一年1代,以卵(块)在小枝上越冬。越冬卵3月下旬孵化,4月幼虫危害最烈,常将叶片食光。4月下旬老熟幼虫坠落树冠下入土做土茧化蛹,5月下旬成虫羽化。成虫寿命甚长,补充营养可延续2—3个月,黄栌叶片又遭食害。防治该虫可在幼虫孵化盛期或成虫产卵前用2.5%敌百虫粉剂或80%敌敌畏乳油喷杀。 相似文献
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不同虫态蠋蝽对黄栌胫跳甲幼虫的室内捕食反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国森林病虫》2021,(1)
在天敌繁育室内研究蠋蝽Arma chinensis对黄栌胫跳甲Ophrida xanthospilota幼虫的捕食反应,功能反应试验数据用Holling方程分别进行模拟。结果表明:不同虫态蠋蝽的捕食量随黄栌胫跳甲幼虫密度的增加而增加,2~3龄蠋蝽若虫对跳甲1~3龄幼虫的捕食量高于对4~5龄幼虫的捕食量,4~5龄蠋蝽若虫和成虫对跳甲4~5龄幼虫的捕食量明显高于蠋蝽2~3龄若虫的捕食量。不同虫态蠋蝽捕食黄栌胫跳甲幼虫的圆盘方程能客观反映蠋蝽捕食量随黄栌胫跳甲密度变化而变化的情况;各虫态蠋蝽对跳甲1~2龄幼虫的控制作用差异不大,但蠋蝽4~5龄若虫和成虫对跳甲4~5龄幼虫的控制作用较2~3龄若虫更强。此结果可为野外释放蠋蝽防治跳甲提供依据,跳甲低龄幼虫期可释放2~3龄蠋蝽若虫,跳甲幼虫龄期较大时以释放4~5龄蠋蝽若虫或成虫为最佳。 相似文献
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红缘天牛是沙棘主要的蛀干害虫,对沙棘的危害严重。为筛选防治红缘天牛效果较好的杀虫剂,本试验选用西维因、杀螟松和溴氰菊酯3种杀虫剂对红缘天牛的幼虫及其成虫进行试验。试验结果表明,试验选用的3种杀虫剂对红缘天牛成虫均有一定防效,成虫的死亡率分别为83.3%、88.7%和84.8%,杀螟松和溴氰菊酯处理对红缘天牛幼虫的防治效果较好,相比之下西维因处理对红缘天牛幼虫的防治效果较差,三种药剂幼虫的死亡率分别为74.2%、83.3%和80.2%。 相似文献
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1994—2000年对湖北西部地区的漆树害虫进行了较为详细的调查,确认直接危害漆树的害虫24种。其中对漆树生长造成一定威胁和发生严重的有根部害虫漆白粉蚧;蛀干害虫云斑白条天牛和橙斑白条天牛;食叶害虫粉筒胸叶甲、漆树直缘跳甲、黄色凹缘跳甲、银杏大蚕蛾、缀叶丛螟等。文章对几种主要害虫的发生及危害特点进行了综合分析,并根据其发生规律提出了相应的综合防治措施。 相似文献
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广东桐花树群落上的柑橘长卷蛾研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
柑橘长卷蛾是红树林桐花树群落的重要害虫,在广东省局部区域的红树林保护区,已经对桐花树造威严重危害、对秋茄造成危害。柑橘长卷蛾在桐花树1年完成6代,以中龄幼虫越冬,第1~5代虫历时38~58d,越冬代虫历时130~137d。在桐花树群落,幼虫危害嫩芽、叶片、花序和果实;在桐花树+秋茄群落,幼虫危害秋茄的嫩芽和嫩叶片。在桐花树群落,5月上旬-5月下旬和9月上旬~10月上旬,受害嫩芽数量与受害叶片数量有两个高峰期,柑橘长卷蛾种群数量消长规律与受害嫩芽与受害叶片数量的变化规律成正相关,柑橘长卷蛾种群数量全年也对应有两个高峰期,但秋季害虫高峰期害虫的总数量只有春季暴发期害虫总数量的29%。柑橘长卷蛾数量与捕食性蜘蛛数量的比例为1:0.33,林间捕食性蜘蛛数量的比例偏低。 相似文献
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2000-2001年对马尾松不同龄级枝条及混合枝条饲养松褐天牛成虫的存活期及取食情况进行了研究。结果表明,不同龄级枝条对松褐天牛成虫存活期产生显著影响,混合枝条饲养平均存活期显著长于2年生枝条及3年生枝条饲养,而与当年生枝条饲养无显著差异。存活期的差异与取食密切相关,当年生枝条饲养具有最大的日均取食量,并极显著地大于2年生枝条饲养和3年生枝条饲养的相应值。混合枝条和单龄级枝条饲养日均取食量均无显著差异。混合枝条饲养处理当年生枝条被食面积占取食总面积的55%以上,3年生枝所占比例不足20%。研究显示松褐天牛自然状态下从不同级枝条中获取所需物质,以当年生枝条为主;无选择单龄枝饲养时通过增加取食来尽可能满足物质需要。 相似文献
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一点金钢钻是危害柳树的重要害虫之一。在吉林省一年发生二代,以蛹越冬。幼虫吐丝缠绕新稍筑巢为害。采用幼虫期连续打药、人工捕杀、认真整地等多种方法系统防治,可达到控制危害的目的。 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Die Befallsrate durch Knospen- und Triebschädlinge sowie das Auftreten von Nekrosen im Pflanzengewebe wurde im Bereich von bereits abgeworfenen Zweigabsprüngen, potentiellen Zweigabwürfen und entsprechenden, festsitzenden Kontrollzweigen der Eiche ermittelt.Die drei Zweigvarianten unterschieden sich nur bezüglich des Befallsgrades an der jeweiligen Zweigbasis, indem Absprungsnarben am Haupttrieb eine höhere Anzahl an Eiablage-Spuren von Hemipteren aufwiesen als die Basis von potentiellen Zweigabwürfen, diese wiederum eine höhere Anzahl als die Basis festsitzender Zweige. Da der Insektenbefall maximal 34% betrug, kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß für das Zustandekommen von Zweigabwürfen Insekten keine primäre Rolle spielten. Jedoch lassen vorläufige Ergebnisse vermuten, daß nach Ausfall der Endtriebe die zunächst in Überzahl gebildeten Adventivtriebe seitens des Baumes durch die Ausbildung von Zweigabsprüngen reguliert werden.
Mit 2 Abbildungen und 2 Tabellen 相似文献
The influence of insect infestation on twig abcission of oaks (Quercus petraea)
The rates of buds and dropped twigs infested by insect pests were compared on the one hand to potentially abcised twigs (twigs still adnated to the branches, but showing signs of beginning abcission), and on the other hand to twigs still fully adnated to the main shoots.Infestation rates of bud and shoot pests did not differ between the three types of twigs. Only the number of already hatched Hemipteran eggs of the Miridae and Cicadellidae at the basis of dropped twigs were higher than those at the basis of potentially abcised twigs. The latter again showed a higher number of Hemipteran eggs than adnated twigs. First results revealed that both, branches with dead terminal buds and branches with dead terminal shoots showed a higher rate of lateral and abcised twigs than those without terminal shoot defects. Therefore, it is assumed that shed of branches by oaks may also occur to regulate excessive development of adventious twigs after loss of terminal shoots.
Mit 2 Abbildungen und 2 Tabellen 相似文献
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The species composition of the endophytic mycobiota in leaves of Japanese beech trees (Fagus crenata) and the sources for leaf infections were studied in a forest reserve situated in central eastern Honshu, Japan. To clarify the mechanism of infection of leaves, half of the branches were covered with polyethylene bags and species composition and levels of endophytic fungal infection were then compared with those of unbagged controls. Isolations were carried out from the leaves, petioles, and current‐year twigs of both, bagged and unbagged branches. Additionally, species composition was detected in overwintered terminal buds of beech trees and in the leaves of potted seedlings that had been placed in the field in different seasons. The species assemblage of the unbagged leaves, petioles, and current‐year twigs was dominated by Mycosphaerella buna, Ascochyta fagi, Periconiella sp., and Tritirachium sp. Other frequently recovered species were Xylaria sp., Phomopsis sp., and Tubakia dryina. Mycosphaerella buna and A. fagi were never isolated from leaves on bagged branches. A. fagi was, however, detected on both bagged and unbagged petioles and current‐year twigs at comparatively low isolation frequencies. The detection of Periconiella sp. on all occasions in both bagged and unbagged leaves was a characteristic feature that differs from those of the other three dominant endophytic fungi. The fungus was also detected without significant differences in bagged and unbagged petioles and current‐year twigs on most sampling dates. Furthermore, Periconiella sp. was isolated from immature twigs inside the bud scales. Tritirachium sp. was frequently detected in unbagged leaves and petioles and in both bagged and unbagged current‐year twigs, and rarely in bagged leaves and petioles, but was never recovered from terminal buds. The results of the potted seedling experiments revealed that all four dominant species had airborne inocula. The infection of leaves by M. buna occurs exclusively by airborne propagules, i.e. ascospores in spring and conidia in autumn. In Periconiella sp. hyphal growth of the fungus from immature twigs inside the buds into the leaf tissues was suggested in addition to infection by airborne inocula. Tritirachium sp. hyphae were suggested to grow from previous‐ to current‐year twigs. Ascochyta fagi was present in the outermost scales of overwintered terminal buds, but no systemic growth of the fungus into the petioles and current‐year twigs was observed. Our technique of covering the branches before new leaves unfolded was effective in preventing infection by airborne inocula of endophytic fungi. 相似文献
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