INVESTIGATION ON THE DITERMINATION OF LOW-VALENCE TITANIUM(II,III) IN SLAG CONTAINING A HIGH TITANIUM CONTENT

In this article a method is investigated for the determination of low-valence titanium in slag containing a high titanium content. The residue is dissolved using H2SO4-HF-H3PO4 after tMFe, Fe2O3 and the part of FeO are separated from sample with FeCl3-HCl, and NH4 Fe(SO4)2 is added to oxidate low titanium. Then the standard solution of K2Cr2O7 is used to tit-rat Fe2+ in sample solution. The method possesed with a advantage of simple rapid and good repeatability so that it can be used in the roution determination.     

PHASE ANALYSIS OF TITANIUM NITRIDE IN SLAG CONTAINING VANADIUM, TITANIUM. ( DISTIILATION-COULOMB TITRATION )

TiN is separated from orther Nitride by 1:2 Hcl, and the residue of TiN is heated with concentrated H2SO4-K2SO4 until the smoke rises from it followed by adding exceeded NaoH and by heating distillation. Using NaBr as electrolysis solution, the double platinum electrode is used to conduct the electrolysis. At the constent current of 30 mA. When it reaches the end point indicated by the dead stop method, record the time so as to calculrte the conten of TiN.     

生物柴油Fe_2(SO_4)_3—Al_2O_3固体酸催化剂的制备

为了解决硫酸铁催化制备生物柴油过程中存在的回收难和部分溶于水等问题,制备了Fe2(SO4)3—Al2O3负载型固体酸催化剂。考察了负载量、焙烤温度、焙烤时间对催化剂活性的影响。结果表明,负载量20%的催化剂在300℃下,焙烤超过4h,活性最高,延长焙烤时间对催化剂活性没有显著影响。对不同焙烤温度下的催化剂进行了扫描电镜、能谱和X射线衍射分析,结果显示300℃下,焙烤的催化剂具有最小的晶粒;超过300℃,催化剂上的Fe2(SO4)3组分开始分解。     

INVESTIGATION ON THE DITERMINATION OF METAL IRON IN SLAG CONTAINING VANADIUM TITANIUM ( IODIN-ALCOHOL FOR SEPARATION EDTA FOR DITERMINATION)

Great accuracy can be obtained when metal iron is determined with bromine for dissolution K2Cr2O7 for titration. Unfortunately, harmful substances such as Br2, CH3OH, HgCl2, K2Cr2O7 etc. must be used when this method. But these harmful substances can be avoided when I2-C2H5OH is used for dissolution and EDTA for titration as discussed in this paper. As this method is simple with good reapetability, it is suitable for the diterminat ion of metal iron slag containing V.Ti, in slag containing high Ti, and in common slags.     

Alumina-based Composite Materials for Prefabricated Iron Runner

The relationship between the properties of the composite and the addition of the preventing crack additives, dispersion agent, SiC, graphite, stainless steel fiber have been researched. Finally, alumina-based composite materials used for prefabricated iron runner with better ratio of properties and price has been developed by the studying of the properties and microstructure of alumina based composite materials. The best composition for the iron line is Al 2O 3-14%SiC-5%G-4%SiO 2-2%micropoeder-1%white clay-6%cement;the best composition for the slag line is Al 2O 3-16%SiC-5%G-4%SiO 2-2%micropoeder-1%white clay-6%cement;addition of both is 0.15%Na 5P 3O 10-3B aluminum powder-2%stinless steel fiber. The mechanism on the composite materials eroded by molten iron has also been discussed.     

Water dipping and electrokinetic jointed remediation of chromium-contaminated soil without water electrolysis

A heavily chromium-contaminated soil with total chromium (TCr) concentration of 2 312 mg/kg is dipped in distilled water seven times before electrokinetic remediation without water electrolysis (EKRWWE). The TCr removal rates of 45%, 67% and 84% are respectively achieved after water-dipping, 85.4 h EKRWWE and 203 h EKRWWE in order, demonstrating that pre-dipping treatment is able to significantly reduce the load of EKRWWE. In order to prevent electrolysis of water, iron is used as anode and CuSO4 solution is used as cathode electrolyte. Consequently, Fe 2+ ion instead of H + ion and SO 2-4 ion instead of OH - ion migrate into soil and a higher transference number of CrO 2-4 ion is achieved which means a higher efficiency of electrokinetic remediation of chromium-contaminated soil.     

石榴汁色素稳定性的研究

针对石榴汁在加工与储存过程中极易褐变的问题,试验研究了石榴汁色素稳定性的影响因素。结果表明,石榴汁色素对温度和pH比较敏感,在较低温度和酸性(pH4)条件下具有较好的稳定性;Ca2+、K+、Na+、Zn2+、H2O2、甜味剂和紫外光对石榴汁色素的影响不明显;Fe3+、Cu2+和Na2SO3会引起石榴汁色素的较大损失;日光照射对石榴汁色素的影响也较大。所以,在石榴汁加工及储存过程中,应在较低的温度下保持一定的酸度,避免高温、光照或与含Fe3+或Cu2+的材料接触。     

硫酰氟熏蒸应用技术的开发研究

研究了硫酰氟对害虫、植物种子等的毒性。在室温下硫酰氟剂量30－50g/m^3，熏蒸72小时，在小麦中F^ 的残留量为0.93-0.61ppm；剂量50g/m^3时熏蒸48－72小时，在玉米中的残留为0.12-1.5ppm，而同样剂量熏蒸48小时，在稻米中的残留为0.37-1.2ppm。F^ 在熏蒸面粉中的残留较高，吸附性比溴甲烷低，解吸比溴甲烷快。硫酰氟已在农、林、外贸、检疫、文物、轻纺和建筑业中应用，对熏蒸粮食、棉花、蔬菜和种子以及对档案、纺织品、橡胶、金属（含金)等无不良影响，用CH3Br、C2H4O和SO2F2真空熏蒸能安全、有效地控制储藏物害虫和动植物病害，同时开发出CH3Br筒仓环流熏蒸储糖害虫技术，研制出CH3Br筒仓真空熏蒸机和环流设备。     

交联壳聚糖磁性微球的制备及固定化果胶酶研究

以交联壳聚糖磁性微球为载体制备固定化果胶酶,并研究固定化酶的酶学性质与操作稳定性。通过Fe3O4磁核与壳聚糖制备磁性微球载体,戊二醛交联后对果胶酶进行固定,利用正交试验确定固定化酶制备条件,比较研究了固定化酶与游离酶的酶学性质。结果表明：在Fe2+:Fe3+体积比为1:1的溶液中,制得Fe3O4磁核;1 g Fe3O4磁核,3.0%壳聚糖,在3.0%戊二醛中交联4 h,3.0 mg/mL果胶酶在pH 4.0下固定化反应1 h,制备的固定化酶酶活力的回收率高达68.4%。对固定化酶酶学特性研究表明：最适pH 4.0,最适温度50℃,酸碱稳定性范围为pH 2.6~5.6,温度稳定性得到提高,70℃下剩余酶活力为82.8%,米氏常数Kmapp值为1.38 mg/mL,固定化酶连续使用6次还保留61.0%酶活力。说明以交联壳聚糖磁性微球为载体制备的固定化果胶酶,机械强度大、弹性好,酶活力回收率较高,操作稳定性好。     

食用菌中SO_2残留快速测定方法的研究

对食用菌中SO2残留的快速测定方法及各种影响因素进行了研究。样品经酸化后,用预经痕量碘蒸气致蓝色的淀粉指示纸检测,样品产生的SO2使其褪色。淀粉指示纸的制备方法、观察时间和测定温度均对检测结果有影响。该测定法对SO2的最小检测限为5mg/L,可用于食用菌产品中SO2残留量的定性检测和半定量分析,具有快速和简便的特点。     

澧阳平原古水稻土铁形态分布特征研究

为了揭示埋藏古水稻土铁形态分布特征,采用Tessier连续提取法分析测定了澧阳平原古水稻土铁的形态。结果表明澧阳平原古水稻土的铁主要以有机质态铁、氧化物结合态铁和残渣态铁形态存在,占全铁量的99.9%。除有机物结合态铁,其他形态铁平均含量表现为：埋藏古水稻土＞现代耕种水稻土,且古水稻土各形态铁分异明显,水溶态铁、交换态铁、氧化物结合态铁和有机物结合态铁均呈现先增加后减少的趋势,残渣态铁随埋深而增加。澧阳平原古水稻土的铁有明显的淋溶淀积特征,不同形态铁在各土层变异较大。     

复合纳米光催化环保涂料制备及其超临界CO2喷涂研究Ⅱ——复合纳米光催化剂-氟碳树脂涂料制备及超临界CO2喷涂

对纳米SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）有机包覆研究表明,用钛酸酯偶联剂对纳米SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）粒子进行有机包覆处理,能有效地增强无机TiO2基粒子在有机涂料体系中的分散性和稳定性,为光催化环保涂料的制备奠定基础。对复合纳米SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）光催化环保涂料的组成配比试验结果表明：光催化剂添加量为6%时适宜;在14 MPa、60℃下用孔径为0.4 mm的喷嘴对CO2含量为30%的复合SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）氟碳树脂涂料进行喷涂,喷涂过程有机物排放量降低了43.5%,所得涂膜对罗丹明-B降解速率常数为3.84× 10^-2S^-1,比用普通刷涂提高了17.8%。该涂膜还能将甲基橙、品红、苯酚等多种难降解的有机物彻底矿化,且经5次重复使用,光催化活性无明显下降,在可见光下反应140 min就能将罗丹明-B完全矿化。     

富硒土壤中有效硒浸提剂和浸提条件研究

以青海东部富硒土壤为供试材料,对6种有效硒浸提剂NaHCO3、KH2PO4、K2SO4、EDTA、AB-DTPA和DTPA的最佳浸提时间和土液比进行了筛选,并结合土壤有效硒最佳浸提剂的小麦生物学校验,以找出适宜富硒土壤有效硒提取的浸提剂及其浸提条件。结果表明：6种有效硒浸提剂对富硒土壤中硒的浸提量均随着土液比的增大而减少,且均随浸提时间的逐渐增加而增加。EDTA和DTPA的最佳土液比则为1/20,振荡时间为30 min;K2SO4、AB-DTPA、NaHCO3和KH2PO4四种浸提剂最佳浸提土液比均为1/15,其中K2SO4和AB-DTPA的最佳提取时间为60 min,其余两种浸提剂NaHCO3和KH2PO4的最佳浸提时间均为90 min。6种不同浸提剂在最佳提取条件下提取的土壤有效硒含量与小麦籽粒中富集的硒含量呈极显著正相关关系,但土壤有效硒的提取量以DTPA最少,其次为K2SO4,分别只占KH2PO4、NaHCO3、AB-DTPA及EDTA提取量的16% ~ 47%和36% ~ 85%,故不适用于作为石灰性富硒土壤有效硒的浸提剂。KH2PO4、NaHCO3、AB-DTPA和EDTA 提取的硒含量不仅与小麦籽粒中硒含量呈极显著正相关,而且浸提量高,提取过程简单,重复性好,故均可作为石灰性富硒土壤的有效硒浸提剂。     

不同处理方法破除扁蓿豆品系90-36种子硬实的效果研究

扁蓿豆品系90-36硬实率高达41%.采用打磨、KNO<,3>、KMnO<,4>、HCI、NaOH、H<,2>O<,2>、H<,2>SO<,4>、赤霉素、高温干燥、热水浸种、低温放置和液氮处理12种方法,探讨破除其种子硬实的适宜方法.结果表明:98%H<,2>SO<,4>处理25～60 min,发芽率可达90%左右,硬实率可下降到8%以下;砂纸打磨能使发芽率达84%,硬实完全破除;30%H<,2>O<,2>处理40 min、400 mg/LGA处理24 h、70℃干燥处理0.5 h、0.3%KMnO<,4>处理2 h可破除部分硬实.     

Physiological effects of repeated foliar application of magnetite nanoparticles on maize plants

Iron is an essential micronutrient which is highly unavailable for plants in calcareous soils. Although the application of nanoparticles (NPs) to plants has been recently implemented, their long‐term effects have not been studied yet. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the treatment of maize plants with 100 ppm iron nanoparticles (Fe‐NPs) through their life cycle would affect the development of the second generation. The plants were treated with or without 100 ppm of Fe‐NPs and 100 ppm of Fe‐Ch, and their seeds were planted to obtain the second generation. The latter were again treated with or without Fe‐NPs and Fe‐Ch, and the results of two generations were compared. In the first generation, Fe‐NPs treatments improved maize photosynthesis and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) scavenging capacity and lowered the rate of membrane lipid peroxidation, compared to the control and Fe‐Ch‐treated plants. The improvement of calcium, Fe²⁺, total iron and ferritin contents was more pronounced in Fe‐NPs treatments. However, the second progeny of Fe‐NPs‐treated plants showed less biomass, lower contents of chlorophyll, protein and calcium, and lower H₂O₂ scavenging capacity but higher amount of total iron content, compared with the control group and the first generation. In comparison, no adverse effects on growth parameters were observed in the plants which were treated with Fe‐Ch for two subsequent generations, while their total iron and ferritin contents were remarkable. Due to the adverse effects of Fe‐NPs in the second generation, more caution in its application for consecutive years is recommended.     

Study on the Polysilicon Acid Polyferric Sulfate

In this paper the syntheses method of polysilicon acid polyferric sulfate(PSPFS) is presented with Na2SiO3, H2SO4 and polyferric sulfate(PFS). The IR spectroscopy of PFS and PSPFS is discussed. This kind of product quality and the effect of turbidity removal is determined by the PH and Fe/Si(mol/mol) ratios of the product. When Fe/Si(mol/mol)=1.5, the product is stable.     

蜡质玉米粉漂白工艺的研究

采用单因素试验和正交试验,对蜡质玉米粉的漂白技术进行了研究。结果发现,H2O2,NaClO,Na2SO3对蜡质玉米粉的漂白均有一定效果,其中,H2O2对蜡质玉米粉的漂白效果较显著,白度值最高可达80.3。     

污灌区盐渍化土壤重金属Cd的形态分析及其影响因素

以受盐渍化及重金属Cd污染的天津污灌区土壤作为研究对象,探讨盐渍化土壤重金属的形态分布及其影响因素。研究的盐分种类主要为NaCl和Na_2SO_4,盐度7个[添加质量分数依次为0%(CK)、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、1%、2%和5%],采用Tessier连续提取法测定土壤前3种重金属的形态(可交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化态),得出重金属的形态分布规律。结果表明:在添加NaCl盐度条件下,土壤中Cd碳酸盐结合态可交换态铁锰氧化态,可交换态含量与盐度、重金属总量、pH值和有机质均呈显著相关。在添加Na_2SO_4盐度条件下,土壤中Cd铁锰氧化态可交换态碳酸盐结合态,可交换态、碳酸盐结合态与pH值和有机质均呈极显著相关,铁锰氧化态与pH值呈显著负相关。盐度与Cd各形态也有不同程度的相关性。在添加NaCl盐度条件下,pH值对可交换态含量有重要影响;有机质对碳酸盐结合态含量有重要影响;Cd含量对铁锰氧化态含量有重要影响。在添加Na_2SO_4盐度条件下,有机质对可交换态含量有重要影响;pH值、有机质对碳酸盐结合态含量有重要影响;CEC对铁锰氧化态含量有重要影响。得出的Cd形态分布规律以及土壤各理化性质对Cd形态含量的影响分析对土壤重金属的污染防治和生态风险评价提供了基本的理论依据。     

河北省土壤铁的含量与分布

河北省土壤全铁平均含量为2.71%,低于全国平均值(3%)和世界平均值(3.8%).土壤有效铁(DTPA—Fe)平均值为8.2ppm.全省1/6耕地土壤有效铁低于4.5ppm,近2/3耕地土壤有效铁处于4.5—10ppm之间.本文讨论了成土母质、土壤机械组成、土壤有机质、土壤碳酸钙对土壤铁消长的影响.铁对植物的有效性与锰关系密切.供铁丰富的土壤,也可能由于锰铁比例失调,导致植物发生缺铁症.     

超顺磁性纳米级Fe_3O_4粒子的制备与性能表征

在碱性条件下采用改良化学共沉淀法制备具有超顺磁性的Fe3O4纳米粒子,并用红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计对所制得Fe3O4粒子进行表征。结果表明,该试验条件下制备的样品其红外光谱图和XRD谱图与标准Fe3O4粒子的物态和晶相结构基本一致;透射电镜表明制备出Fe3O4粒子成球性好,且大部分粒径在14 nm;磁化曲线也表明制备的Fe3O4粒子无剩磁和矫顽力,具有超顺磁性。