Comparison of DC Pollution Flashover Performance of Various Types of Long String Insulators

With the development of EHV/UHV DC transmission projects, it is inevitable to study DC pollution flashover performance of long insulator strings. The DC artificial pollution tests of five types of porcelain and glass insulators have been carried out in the artificial climate chamber. The paper analyzes the relationship between 50% flashover voltage U50 and string length, the relationship between U50 and salt deposit density, flashover voltage gradients and valid creepage distances of DC polluted insulators. Based on the test results of insulator strings of 5 - 23 units, there are linear relationship between the 50% DC flashover voltages and string length. The experimental results show that the pollution flashover performances of various types of insulators are different, and that the pollution degree exponents of polluted insulators are affected ainsulator materials and shapes, whose values are 0.3 to 0.36. Under the same pollution degree, the pollution performances of glass insulators have advantage of those of porcelain insulators with the same configuration and the flashover voltage gradient along creepage distance and valid creepage distances of glass insulators are higher than those of porcelain insulators.     

Influence of Units and Assemble on DC Flashover Voltage of Iced Insulator Strings at High Altitude Districts

Based on artificial tests of iced DC XZP-210 insulator strings carried out in the artificial climate chamber, the authors analyze the effects of units and assemble on the DC flashover voltage of iced insulator strings at high altitude districts. The test results show that the relationship between the DC icing flashover voltage and the insulator units is seemly linear with the increase of altitude or pollution level, although the linear relation is not obvious at the low altitude or pollution level. There is influence of the assembled form on icing flashover voltages, the flashover voltage of the horizontal string of iced insulators is highest while that of the vertical string is lowest. For various assembled forms, the effects of the air pressure on the flashover voltage of the horizontal string are most obvious.     

Analyze the Present Status in the Calculation Methods of Lightning Protection Performance for Transmission Line

Lightning is the main reason that endangers transmission line working safety and reliabilty today. The theory and characteristic of methods that not only estimate the lightning performance for back strike such as standard method, traveling wave method, Monte Carlo technique, treeing fault method, EMTP and so on but also for the shielding failure such as standard method, EGM, leader progression model and so on are summarized. The criterion of flashover for insulators is referred simply, furthermore, it gives the opinion that the development of research for the future.     

DIGITAL SIMULATION OF HIGH VOLTAGE AC/DC PARALLEL SYSTEMS

The method of companion model is applied to the digital simulation of high voltage hybrid AC/DC systems for the first trme in this thesis.The mathematical model of the digital simulation of hybrid AC/DC systems is represented. This method can model the normal states, faults and games of faults of any hybrid AC/DC systems. The method has a series of advantages : saving the computation and the amounts of memory, high precision and fast calculation and it can be used with convenience. The simulation results of a hybrid AC/DC system arc in consistent with that of theoretical analysis. It shows that the mathematical model, the simulation method and the program in this thesis are correct.     

An application for detecting faulty insulators based on an inverse problem in local electrical fields

An optimal computing model for detecting poor insulators has been developed based on an inverse problem in local electrical fields. The model takes into consideration the fact that electrical field measurement for insulators requires measuring many points     

ANTICIPATED FAIIURE ANALYSIS OF HVAC/DC HYBRID SYSTEMS

A method of anticipated failure analysis(AFA)in HV AC/DC hybrid systems is presented in this paper for the first time. In this method node-injection-power is used to simulate outage states of AC/DC branch circuits, linked with the fast decoupled load flow, to obtain the load flow solutions after the anticipated failures. An example for calculation in this paper shows the effectiveness and correctness of this method and computer programs.     

复合绝缘子伞裙老化状态检测的单边核磁共振传感器

对复合绝缘子伞裙老化状态的评估,关系到电力系统的安全稳定运行。为了实现在工程现场对复合绝缘子伞裙的无损检测,提出了一种便携式单边核磁共振传感器的设计方案。对静态磁场的均匀度和射频线圈进行了优化,以获得较高的信噪比。以110 kV等级下不同运行年份的绝缘子为样品进行测量,使用CPMG序列对样品进行激励;采用单指数拟合和反拉普拉斯变换对核磁共振横向弛豫回波信号进行处理。结果表明,随着复合绝缘子运行时间的增加,其等效横向弛豫时间减小。因此,这种便携式单边核磁共振传感器有望用于复合绝缘子伞裙老化程度的定量分析。     

ERROR ANALYSIS OF MOSFET SWITCH TRANSMITTING AC SIGNALS

In this paper,the error caused by the resistance of theMOSFET switch in the transmission of AC signals is straightforwardly derivedin combination with MOSFET physical model.The method ot decreasing transm-issiv eerror is presented.     

Analysis of fast optimization algorithm for inverse detecting faulty insulators

In order to improve the computational efficiency of the insulator electric field inverse problem, the fast multi-pole method has been introduced to the traditional simulation charge method. Tikhonov regularization is used to process the ill-posed characteristic of inverse problem solution caused by the interference. Newton method is used to search the optimum solution, and then the actual field source parameters of insulators and the practical voltage distribution on the surface of the insulators can be obtained. The fast optimization algorithm has been verified in point charge model. And 110 kV insulator string is carried out to demonstrate that the fast optimization algorithm is much faster and more efficient than traditional method.     

Overvoltage and Its Damage by Interrupting Unload By-pass Bus with Isolating Link

According to the equivalent circuit of unload by- pass bus, generation and developement of the overvoltagr by interrupting unload by-pass bus with isolating link were presented. Through representative fault examples, the reasons of flashover caued by interrupting unload by-pass bus with isolating link under the circumstances of high humidity were analyzed.     

Calculation and Measurement of Electric Field along Polluted Cylindrical Insulator

In this paper,the electrical field distribution along the polluted cylindrical insu-lator before a nd after the local a re appea rs is calculated with the optim lzed pa rtially cha rge simula-tinn method and measured with the pockels device. Based on the calculating and measuring results,the in fluen ce of the electric field distri bu tion on the propagation of local a re in the flashover ofcyIlndrical insufator under various conditions is analyzed systematieally.     

Study on Thermal Effects of Ponding Roof With Floating Insulators

This paper describes the evolution of ponding roofs, and recommends a kind of ponding roofcovered by floating insulators, which has excellent thermal performance. A new opinion on dynamicthermal decrement is presented, and its main influening factors are analyzed.     

Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Response of Suspension Insulator String

Finite element method is applied to analyze the windage of suspension insulator strings under dynamic wind loads. The dynamic response of a suspension insulator string of 500 kV high voltage transmission line is numerically simulated with ABAQUS software, and results demonstrate that the windage angle of suspension insulator string is larger than that calculated by the conventional design code, which might be one of the main reasons of the frequently happened windage flashover accidents.     

稻米直链淀粉及其含量研究进展

直链淀粉含量（AC）是影响稻米食用品质的关键因素之一。文章综合了国内外水稻研究人员对稻米直链淀粉的研究成果,重点论述了直链淀粉的结构,理化性质;直链淀粉含量（AC）对稻米食味的影响,AC的遗传机制,相关性状,影响AC的环境因素,AC变化的机理,AC研究与测定方法进展,改善AC的措施以及AC研究中存在的问题。     

北京密云某养殖场雷电灾害事故分析与对策

雷电灾害事故分析有助于更好地掌握雷击途径和方式,认识雷电致灾规律,从而采取更有效的防护措施。针对2014年7月1日北京市密云县西田各庄镇某养殖场发生的雷电灾害事故,统计分析雷击时间段内该区域闪电定位资料;根据滚球法判断养殖场是否在直击雷保护范围内,计算牲畜位置处跨步电压和养殖棚雷电静电感应电压。通过逐项计算和分析,结果表明：牲畜遭旁侧闪络和接触电压致死。雷电的静电感应在金属棚上产生高电压,由于金属棚的支撑钢架结构未做接地,感应电荷释放通道不顺畅,与地面存在电位差,发生旁侧闪络,以及当牲畜接触到钢结构后,高电位通过牲畜向地面释放,致使牲畜死亡。最后提出了对应的防护措施和方法,减少或避免以后类似雷电灾害事故的发生。     

OPTIMAL ACTIVE POWER ADJUSTMEMT OF LARGE HYBRID AC/DC SYSTEMS AFTER OUTAGE CONTINGENCIES WITH THE APPLICATION IN RELIABILITY EVALUATION

An optimal active power adjustment model is deve in this paper for hybrid AC/DC systems after outage contingencies. The objective of the model is to minimize the rejection of load when some elements are out of service, with adjustment strategy approaching practical system operation. A large number of outage contingencies are simulated when the Monte-Carlo Method is emyloyed to evaluate the system reliability, requiring fast calculation of each simulation. The model and computer method proposed in this paper satisfy such a requirment because of the application of concentric relaxation, recursive branch constraint treatment in linear programming and a direct method for B-1 matrix modification. This paper is concerned with the simplified steady state conditions of the system based on DC load-flow, which implies the reliability indices calculated are the measures about static loss of load. The results for a 14-bus hybrid AC/DC system are given.     

粳稻穗部不同部位米粒直链淀粉含量的差异分析

直链淀粉含量是影响稻米品质的一个重要指标. 本文通过穗内不同米粒间、粒内不同部位间直链淀粉含量的测定明确同一品种同一穗不同籽粒间的差异可高达14.2%, 稻穗上部、一次枝梗、先开花结实或粒重较高的米粒直链淀粉含量较高; 稻穗基部、二次枝梗或未完全成熟、迟开花结实或粒重较低的米粒直链淀粉含量较低. 米粒胚侧半粒与     

Modeling and Simulation of the Doubly Fed Generatorwith the Matrix AC-AC Converter as an Exciter

According to the space vector modulation method of the AC DC AC converter,the switch control scheme of the matrix AC AC converter is deduced,and the model of a three phase matrix AC AC converter is constructed. According to the mathematic model of the doubly fed generator and the excitation control principle based on dynamical synchronous reference frame,the simulation model of the generator and excitation controller are established,then the modeling and simulation of the doubly fed generator system with the matrix AC AC converter as an exciter are implemented.The steady state and transient characteristics of the system are simulated,the harmonics of the EMF and stator?rotor current are researched.     

稻米淀粉RVA谱特征及其与理化品质性状相关性的研究

测定了四川地区种植的124个水稻品种的RVA谱特征值及各项理化品质指标, 分析了RVA谱各特征值间, 及其与各项理化品质指标间的相关性, 并分析了不同直链淀粉含量(AC)品种的RVA谱特征值差异, 结果表明, RVA谱6个特征值之间, 最高黏度(PKV)与冷胶黏度(CPV)、回复值(CSV)相关不显著, 热浆黏度(HPV)与崩解值(BDV)相关显著, 其余均相关极显著。AC、胶稠度(GC)与RVA谱6个特征值均极显著相关, 而碱消值(ASV)与RVA谱6个特征值相关均不显著, 说明AC和GC是影响RVA谱特征值的两个重要理化品质指标。不同AC品种间的RVA谱不尽相同, 一般而言, AC越高的品种崩解值越小, 而消减值和回复值越大。     

水稻籽粒灌浆过程直链淀粉的积累及其相关酶的品种类型间差异

对籼、粳、糯3种类型水稻籽粒灌浆过程中直链淀粉含量的变化及其相关酶活性差异的比较分析表明,不论是早籼品种浙733,还是早粳品种浙农104,其直链淀粉含量在籽粒灌浆过程中的变化趋势基本相似,均表现为灌浆初期的直链淀粉含量较低,随着灌浆时间的推移,籽粒中直链淀粉含量明显升高,灌浆后期则略有降低,而对早糯品种早香糯而言,