大豆中转基因成分的定性PCR检测

实验利用CTAB法对大豆DNA进行提取,设计并合成引物对转基因大豆的内源基因Lectin、外源基因CaMV35S 启动子、NOS终止子和目的基因Cp4 EPSPS基因进行PCR检测,成功建立了大豆中转基因成分的检测方法。     

水产饲料中转基因大豆的应用及其安全性问题

文中综述了近年来国内外转基因大豆在水产饲料行业中的应用及其存在的安全性问题,研究了其对水产动物生理生化指标的影响,以期为未来转基因作物在饲料中的应用提供一些科学依据。     

PCR技术在转基因食品检测中的应用与发展趋势

随着我国食品科学技术发展及对外贸易需要,食品检测和分析工作已提高到极其重要地位。特别是转基因食品技术迅猛发展,转基因食品安全性问题逐渐被人们所重视,转基因食品是否安全、转基因食品标识制度能否被严格执行,关键在于是否有准确、可靠检测技术作保障。     

巢式PCR检测猪鼻支原体方法的建立及应用

应用巢式聚合酶链式反应(Nested PCR)建立了一种检测猪鼻支原体(Mycoplasmah yorhinis)的方法,试验中以酚-氯仿法制备模板DNA,根据猪鼻支原体P37序列高度保守区设计2对引物,建立Nested PCR诊断方法.在特异性检测试验中,设计的引物不能扩增出猪絮状支原体、猪滑液支原体、猪肺炎支原体、鸡毒支原体、胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、猪瘟病毒、猪流感病毒、猪圆环病毒及猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒等病原体;敏感性试验表明,第1次PCR和第2次PCR的敏感度分别为3.01 mg/L和3.01×10-4mg/L.对41份临床样品肺组织的检测中,普通PCR和巢式PCR的检出率分别为29.3％(12/41)和82.9％(34/41).结果表明,巢式PCR方法明显优于常规PCR方法,具有较高的敏感性和实用性,为猪鼻支原体的检测提供了一种新型、可靠的诊断技术.     

犬弓形虫巢式PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

弓形虫病是一种重要的人兽共患病,犬是弓形虫重要的中间宿主,有必要建立一种快速、灵敏的犬弓形虫病检测方法。根据GenBank中弓形虫529 bp基因重复序列设计巢式PCR引物,通过优化反应条件建立巢式PCR检测方法。特异性试验结果显示,该方法对牛巴贝斯虫、环形泰勒虫、犬新孢子虫的基因扩增无条带;灵敏度试验结果显示,该方法最低可以检出0.134 pg的弓形虫基因,比目前国标PCR方法高100倍。对感染弓形虫犬的组织样品检测发现,巢式PCR能在感染犬的不同组织中检测出弓形虫基因。建立的犬弓形虫巢式PCR检测方法特异性强、灵敏度高、重复性好,为该病的检测奠定了基础。     

鸭圆环病毒巢式PCR检测方法的建立及应用

鸭圆环病毒病给养鸭业造成严重的经济损失,鉴于此,本研究根据GenBank登录的鸭圆环病毒(duck circovirus,DuCV)保守区基因组序列(登录号:NC_005053.1),设计合成内、外2对引物,通过PCR反应条件的优化,建立了检测DuCV的巢式PCR检测方法。该方法对鸭病毒性肝炎病毒、鸭瘟病毒、鸭细小病毒、新城疫病毒的扩增结果均为阴性;第1轮扩增的灵敏度为10 pg,第2轮扩增的灵敏度为0.1 pg,通过巢式PCR,敏感性提高了100倍。本研究建立的巢式PCR方法具有特异性强、敏感性高、重复性好等优点,可以准确快速的用于鸭圆环病毒的病原检测。     

巢式PCR检测乳中布氏杆菌

本研究建立了检测乳中布氏杆菌omp22基因的巢式PCR方法,经过反复操作验证该检测方法有较好的重复性和稳定性。对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、棒状杆菌、绿脓杆菌等羊常见菌及羊基因组检测阴性,表明此方法有很好的特异性。该方法有较强的敏感性,羊乳中布氏杆菌的检测灵敏度可达到40CFU/mL乳汁。     

应用巢式PCR方法检测牛支原体肺炎

根据Genbank发表的牛支原体全基因序列,设计2对特异性引物,建立了诊断牛支原体肺炎的巢式PCR方法,第一轮引物P1、P2扩增片段长度为1912bp,第二轮引物P3、P4扩增片段长度为422bp:该方法特异性试验未扩增出丝状支原体丝状亚种小克隆和无乳支原体特异性条带;敏感性试验证明扩增DNA最低含量达到10-7μg/mL,是单一PCR的103倍;用该方法对阳性病料进行检测,均扩增出特异性片段。该体系的成功构建,可以为牛支原体肺炎的活体检测,和流行病学调查提供技术支持。     

牛结核病巢式PCR快速检测方法的建立

根据分枝杆菌（mycobacteria）保守的插入序列IS1081设计4条特异性引物，建立了快速检测牛结核病的巢式PCR方法。该方法一次扩增的敏感性是1．35pg，二次扩增的敏感性是1．35fg。在对95份PPD阳性牛临床病料组织和23份血液样本的PCR检测中，用引物TB—Q1和TB-Q2做一次扩增，阳性检出率分别为36／95（37．5％）和5／23（21．7％）；用引物TB—B1和TB—B2做二次扩增，阳性检出率分别为81／95（85．3％）和14／23（60．9％）。该方法作为辅助PPD试验的快速检测方法用于牛结核病的流行病学调查，具有重要的实用价值和应用前景。     

几种转基因作物在水产饲料中的应用研究进展

文章综述了几种转基因作物作为蛋白源在水产饲料中的应用情况及其对水产动物生理生化指标的影响,旨在为未来转基因作物的广泛利用提供依据。     

应用套式PCR方法检测猪圆环病毒2型

根据Genbank中发表的猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)全基因序列,设计2对PCV2特异性引物,建立套式PCR检测方法。外测引物p1、p2扩增片段长度为647bp(92-738),内测引物p3、p4扩增长度为219bp(319-537)。其中用外部引物可扩增DNA含量到10-5mg/mL,而套式PCR则比普通PCR灵敏性还要提高103倍。用该方法对山东、安徽和河北10省的899份临床发病猪的肺脏和淋巴结样品进行检测,结果有329份样品检测出阳性,平均阳性检测率达36.6%。由此可见,PCV2感染在全国范围内的发病猪群中普遍存在。     

Detection of pathogenic leptospires in urine from naturally infected cattle by nested PCR

A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers from the LipL32 sequence of Leptospira spp. was used to detect shedding of pathogenic leptospires in urine from naturally infected cattle. Amplicons (497bp) were obtained from 21 pathogenic reference serovars belonging to four species (L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii, L. santarosai, L. kirschneri). DNA was amplified from 26/30 urine samples taken from cattle with suspected leptospirosis and from leptospires cultivated from 10 of these samples. The limit of detection of DNA in the clinical samples was 200pg and the nested PCR detected all pathogenic reference serovars of Leptospira spp. tested. No PCR products were amplified using DNA from other common bacterial species from the bovine urogenital tract or urine, or from the non-pathogenic L. biflexa Andamana serovar. The nested PCR exhibited high specificity and sensitivity for detection of pathogenic serovars in urine from cattle.     

实时荧光PCR和常规PCR方法检测饲料中鸡源性成分

根据鸡线粒体DNA序列,设计并筛选了鸡源性特异引物及探针,建立了饲料中鸡源性成分的常规PCR和实时荧光PCR检测方法,结果表明常规PCR方法最低可以从饲料中检出0.1%的鸡源性成分,实时荧光PCR方法最低可以从饲料中检出0.001%的鸡源性成分。该方法具有很高的特异性和灵敏性,可以作为鸡源性成分鉴别检测的常规方法。     

Detection of Theileria ovis in naturally infected sheep by nested PCR

A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Theileria ovis in sheep using oligonucleotide primers designed from the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequence of T. ovis from sheep in eastern Turkey is described. A 398-bp DNA fragment was specifically amplified from blood samples from sheep, naturally infected with T. ovis. No PCR products resulted from T. lestoquardi, T. annulata, T. parva, T. buffeli and Babesia spp. DNA using these specific primers. The sensitivity of the nested PCR for T. ovis, which was assessed showed that one infected cell in 10(7) sheep erythrocytes, equivalent to a blood parasitemia of 0.00001%, could be detected. This is more sensitive than examining 200 fields under light microscopy. In addition, of the 124 field samples obtained from sheep in eastern Turkey tested, 19.35% (24/124) were positive for the presence of Theileria spp. by microscopic examination compared to 54.03% (67/124) positive for T. ovis by nested PCR. The primer pairs described in this study will be useful for epidemiological studies on ovine theileriosis and for discrimination between T. lestoquardi and T. ovis infections in sheep.     

用套式PCR方法对几种猪用冻干疫苗的PCV2检测

参照Genbank已发表的猪圆环病毒2型的基因序列,取其比较保守的基因片段ORF2,利用引物设计软件Oli-go5.0设计两对PCV2型特异的引物,其中第一对引物扩增跨度为ORF2全基因片段,长度为702 bp,第二对引物扩增ORF2中间的一个小片段,跨度大小为494 bp.首先用第一对引物扩增阳性DNA,阳性DNA的浓度从10-1稀释到10-11,然后以第一次PCR产物为模板,用第二对引物进行PCR,发现这种套式PCR的方法比用普通PCR灵敏度提高102倍.同这种套式PCR方法对广东省市场上出售的几种猪用弱毒疫苗进行猪圆环病毒2型检测,结果发现这几种疫苗全部为阴性,本实验说明目前广东市场上出售的弱毒疫苗在制作过程中没有受到PCV2的污染,解除了广大猪场主的顾虑.     

Detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in lung and nasal swab samples from pigs by nested PCR and culture methods

We examined nasal swab and lung homogenate samples collected from pigs experimentally and naturally infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for the detection of M. hyopneumoniae by the nested PCR (nPCR) and culture methods. In the 23 experimentally infected pigs, M. hyopneumoniae was commonly detected in nasal swabs by the nPCR and culture methods at 4 weeks after inoculation, and there was a significant correlation (P<0.01) between the titers of viable organisms in nasal swabs and in lung homogenates in the experimentally inoculated pigs. In the naturally infected pigs, on the other hand, discrepancies in detection were found between nasal swab and lung homogenate samples in 17 of 36 cases, although the presence of gross lung lesions correlated relatively well with the detection of organisms from the samples. Our results indicated that the diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia by nPCR in individual pigs with nasal swabs is reliable under these experimental conditions. At present, nPCR with nasal swabs should only be used for monitoring the disease status at the herd level under field conditions.     

Detection of Brucella canis and Leptospira interrogans in canine semen by multiplex nested PCR

Brucella canis and Leptospira interrogans are pathogenic bacteria that cause brucellosis and leptospirosis in dogs around the world. Both diseases can be diagnosed serologically, but the direct detection of these organisms in canine semen is needed when it is used for artificial reproduction. We have been attempting the artificial reproduction of guide dogs for greater breeding efficiency and for this purpose have developed a multiplex nested PCR technique for the detection of B. canis and L. interrogans in the semen and cryoprotective agent (CPA). Our results demonstrated the high sensitivity and simplicity of this technique in the detection of these organisms in canine semen and that will be useful in routine diagnosis. Since they have been found to stay alive in canine semen and CPA up to 48 hr, canine semen for breeding purposes should be checked for contamination by the PCR assay.     

Detection of respiratory herpesviruses in foals and adult horses determined by nested multiplex PCR

A nested multiplex PCR was developed as a rapid (<12h), sensitive test for the simultaneous identification of equine herpesviruses (EHV1, EHV4, EHV2 and EHV5) in clinical samples from horses. Peripheral blood and nasal swab (NS) samples from 205 weanling Thoroughbred foals on 6 different studs over 3 consecutive seasons and from 92 adult horses without clinical signs of respiratory disease were examined using direct multiplex PCR of clinical samples (direct PCR) and conventional cell culture with differentiation of EHV in cell cultures by multiplex PCR. Multiplex PCR proved a sensitive and specific technique for the detection of EHV in cell culture and clinical samples. The technique described appeared equally sensitive as one using a single set of primers for individual EHV but reduced labour and reagent costs. Cell cultures showing cytopathic effect (CPE) were always positive for EHV on PCR. EHV were also detected by multiplex PCR in 11 samples which failed to show CPE. By a combination of multiplex PCR and cell culture or direct multiplex PCR, the presence of up to three EHV in the same sample was detected. Overall, EHV5 was detected by direct multiplex PCR of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and/or NS samples from 78% of foals and 47% of adult horses. Repeated sampling or cell culture in combination with multiplex PCR and with the incorporation of IL-2 in culture medium increased the sensitivity for detection of EHV in PBMC and demonstrated that EHV5 DNA could be identified in PBMC from 89% of foals and 100% of adult horses. EHV2 was identified from approximately 30% of foals, but was more frequently identified in samples from 17 foals with mild respiratory disease and was isolated infrequently from adult horses. EHV1 and EHV4 were identified uncommonly in any population in the current study.     

Detection of Candida species by nested PCR method in one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Systemic fungal diseases are the infections caused by false treatment protocols and generally are not taken into consideration especially in the veterinary...