洮南市稻田养蟹技术

介绍了吉林省洮南市幸福乡2001年-2004年年稻田养蟹成功经验。重点抓住养蟹田工程建设，放养前准备，水稻栽插，河蟹饲养管理，水质调控，水稻施肥，河蟹捕捞等技术措施，获得稻蟹双赢。     

浅谈养蟹稻田药物的安全高效使用

根据当前养蟹稻田水稻与河蟹病虫发生的特点及农渔共作复合生态农业可持续发展的要求,针对性提出养蟹稻田水稻与河蟹病虫防治中药物的使用原则,以期为稻苗养蟹这一生态模式的健康发展提供理论依据与实践指导。     

浅谈养蟹稻田药物的安全高效使用

根据当前养蟹稻田水稻与河蟹病虫发生的特点及农渔共作复合生态农业可持续发展的要求，针对性提出养蟹稻田水稻与河蟹病虫防治中药物的使用原则，以期为稻苗养蟹这一生态模式的健康发展提供理论依据与实践指导。     

稻田养蟹绿色生产技术规程

为合理有效利用土地、灌溉水、温光等资源,提高水稻、河蟹的产量及品质,减少化肥农药对稻谷、河蟹及周边环境的污染,按照绿色食品生产的相关规定,结合辽宁滨海稻区稻田养蟹的现状,在深入调研及专家组评审的基础上,制定了《稻田养蟹绿色生产技术规程》。从前期准备、工程建设、水稻生产技术、河蟹养殖技术等方面提出了稻田养蟹的相关要求。     

稻田养蟹以谁为主 盘锦人说:蟹!

思想观念更新 ,耕地“主角”转换。辽宁省盘锦市改变过去稻田养蟹以稻为主 ,养蟹为辅的做法 ,使稻田以养蟹为主 ,种稻为辅 ,今年一举实现２万ｈｍ２ 养殖面积 ,从而为农业结构调整开创一条新路。盘锦市地处辽河入海口 ,盛产河蟹。前几年 ,这里在稻田养蟹 ,获得成功 ,每亩河蟹经济收入大大超过水稻收入。但是为了不影响水稻产量 ,稻田里的河蟹生长受到一定影响。随着当前粮食由卖方市场向买方市场的历史性转变 ,农民增收缓慢甚至徘徊的问题日益突出。为使农业和农村经济获得更为有利的生存发展空间 ,盘锦市委、市政府决定 ,按照适应市场、因…     

稻田优质高效立体种养配套技术

稻田养蟹是一种高效立体生态农业,是根据水稻生态特征、生物学特性与河蟹的生活特点设计出的一种立体种养模式。稻田水质清新,水温适宜,能促进浮游生物生长,为河蟹提供部分饵料资源;茂盛稻株又为河蟹提供栖息、隐蔽的场所。稻田养蟹具有改土、培肥、减少污染、生产绿色产品等作用。经检测表明,稻蟹双作一年,喂蟹剩余的残饵、河蟹粪便,可增加土壤0．05％～0．26％的有机质含量。     

蟹田田间管理存在的技术问题及对策

稻田养蟹是水稻和河蟹利用同一生态环境共生共长,在同一生态系统中既要保证水稻高产稳产,又要保证河蟹安全生长。因此蟹田田间管理的核心技术是改变传统水稻栽培上的一些做法,解决稻、蟹共同生长之间的矛盾,实现稻蟹双赢。     

稻田生态养殖河蟹综合技术

本文介绍了东港市长山镇1999年承担国家星火计划项目,进行水田综合技术开发示范。经过4a实施,总结出稻田综合开发中水稻的栽培管理要点、河蟹的养殖技术要点及河蟹高产高效养殖新技术,为沿海地区稻田养蟹、农民致富开辟了一条可行途径。     

稻田养蟹主要配套技术

稻田养蟹是根据水稻生态特征、生物学特性与河蟹的生活特点设计出的一种立体种养模式。稻田水质清新 ,水温适宜 ,能促进浮游生物生长 ,为河蟹提供部分饵料资源 ;稻株茂盛又为河蟹生长创造了良好的生态环境。同时河蟹的生长可以疏松土壤 ,消灭稻田部分杂草和害虫 ,残余饵料还可以转化成肥料 ,达到稻蟹共生、相互利用、稻蟹双丰收的目的。其经济效益是单作稻田的 5～ 1 0倍 ,是一种高效立体生态农业。1　水稻栽培技术1 1　选地　养蟹稻田必须选择灌排水畅通、水质清新、地势平坦、盐碱较轻、保水性好、无污染的地块。1 2　品种选择　水稻品…     

稻田生态养殖河蟹综合技术

本文介绍了东港市长山镇1999年承担国家星火计划项目，进行水田综合技术开发示范。经过4a实施．总结出稻田综合开发中水稻的栽培管理要点、河蟹的养殖技术要点及河蟹高产高效养殖新技术．为沿海地区稻田养蟹、农民致富开辟了一条可行途径。     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.