摩尔比对脲醛树脂胶中甲醛含量的影响

降低人造板甲醛释放量的关键在于使用低游离甲醛树脂胶。在制胶过程中，进行了3种摩尔比试验，结果表明，摩尔比对脲醛树脂中甲醛含量影响极大，低摩尔比的脲醛树脂其游离甲醛含量低，用其生产的人造板产品，甲醛释放量也低，符合环保产品的标准。降低甲醛和尿素的摩尔比及改进制胶工艺的反应过程．是制成环保胶的主要途径。     

影响刨花板甲醛释放及其释放量的因素

介绍了脲醛树脂胶合成过程中各因子对刨花板中甲醛释放及其释放量的影响 ,阐述了刨花板热压工艺参数对其甲醛释放量的影响及降低甲醛释放量的途径。     

游离甲醛和人造板释放甲醛

甲醛是室内空气污染源，它常与甲醛系统粘接连在一起，本文根据国内外资料评述人造板甲醛释放量，分析了脲醛树脂的水解和人造板释放甲醛的机理，还介绍了甲醛的毒害，各国政府的有关法规以各种降低甲醛释放量的方法。     

人造板的甲醛释放及其控制措施的研究进展

人造板的甲醛释放问题已越来越受到人们的关注。本文综述了关于人造板的甲醛释放量的主要来源,以及降低人造板甲醛释放量的主要措施的研究进展。降低摩尔比;对脲醛树脂进行改性、添加甲醛捕捉剂、选择合适的人造板热压工艺;以及对成板后进行后处理等方法,是降低人造板的甲醛释放量的基本途径。     

国内木材工业中低毒脲醛树脂研究进展

介绍了当前通过降低摩尔比、改进工艺条件或使用改性剂等方法降低木材工业用脲醛树脂胶中游离甲醛含量或其生产的人造板甲醛释放量的最新进展情况。     

低毒脲醛树脂固化物的甲醛释放

对不同固化体系下三种低毒脲醛树脂固化物随环境变化的甲醛释放量进行了具体研究。试验结果表明:固化体系不同,脲醛树脂的甲醛释放量有很大差别。随着温度的升高,甲醛释放量明显增加;随着时间的变化,脲醛树脂固化物的甲醛释放量逐渐减少,第5天以后逐渐趋于稳定。用三聚氰胺进行改性的脲醛树脂的甲醛释放量明显低于未加任何改性剂的脲醛树脂。     

PD—3改性中温合成脲醛树脂的探索

本文介绍了ＰＤ－３改性中温合成脲醛树脂的合成工艺，用２０％ＰＤ－３改性的脲醛树脂生产中的中密度纤维板，甲醛释放量可满足欧洲Ｅ２级标准。     

树脂型甲醛捕捉剂对脲醛树脂性能的影响

在实验室制备得到树脂型甲醛捕捉剂,考察了甲醛捕捉剂与不同F/U摩尔比脲醛树脂混合使用后制备得到的刨花板力学性能及甲醛释放量。研究结果表明,甲醛捕捉剂的添加能有效降低刨花板的甲醛释放量,但对混合树脂的最终力学强度性能不利。混合树脂的摩尔比F/U是决定相关刨花板力学性能及甲醛释放量的主要因素。当与摩尔比F/U=1的脲醛树脂混合使用时,添加占总施胶量5%甲醛捕捉剂的刨花板甲醛释放量可达到E1级,同时,内结合强度值满足室内级国家标准要求。与摩尔比F/U=1.2的脲醛树脂混合使用,当甲醛捕捉剂的添加量为20%时,刨花板性能达标。     

PD－3改性中温合成脲醛树脂的探索

本文介绍了ＰＤ－３改性中温合成脲醛树脂的合成工艺，用２０％ＰＤ－３改性的脲醛树脂生产的中密度纤维板，甲醛释放量可满足欧洲Ｅ２级标准。     

简述刨花板中甲醛释放的机理及检测

甲醛是甲醛系胶粘剂板制品在使用过程散发的一种污染环境的有害气体。根据国内外资料分析了我国花板甲醛释放的现状，介绍了脲醛树脂的水解和刨花板甲醛释放的机理，评述了8种检测方法和降低花板中甲醛释放量的具体措施。     

国外人造板甲醛散发研究现状

本文根据大量的国外文献资料综述了人造板中游离甲醛产生的原因、甲醛散发量的定量测试方法、影响甲醛向外界散发的诸种因素以及降低人造板甲醛散发量的各种措施。     

Scavengers for achieving zero formaldehyde emission of wood-based panels

This work examines the performance of three formaldehyde scavengers in wood-based panels. Sodium metabisulfite, ammonium bisulfite and urea were applied in different physical forms during particleboard production, and the resulting physico-mechanical properties (internal bond strength, thickness swelling, density and moisture content) and formaldehyde emission levels were compared. Formaldehyde content was measured using the perforator method, and formaldehyde emission was evaluated both by desiccator and gas analysis methods. The chemical reactions involved in each formaldehyde scavenging process are proposed and discussed. The tested scavengers showed distinct performances under the different emission testing conditions, which were interpreted in terms of the stability of the chemical compounds formed upon formaldehyde capture. Sodium metabisulfite proved to be an excellent scavenger for all formaldehyde methods allowing the production of particleboard panels with zero formaldehyde emission.     

Preparation and properties of waste tea leaves particleboard

Urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive is the main source of formaldehyde emission from UF-bonded boards. The components in waste tea leaves can react with formaldehyde to serve as a raw material in the production of low formaldehyde emission boards. In our study, waste tea leaves and UF adhesive were employed in the preparation of waste tea leaves particleboard (WTLB). An orthogonal experimental method was applied to investigate the effects of process parameters on formaldehyde emission and mechanical properties of WTLB. The results indicated that: 1) waste tea leaves had the ability to abate formaldehyde emission from boards; and 2) density of the WTLB was a significant factor affecting its modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and internal bonding (IB).     

甲醛污染的治理方法

本文从污染源、生产工艺、产品选择、产品使用、后期处理5个方面入手介绍了室内甲醛污染的治理方法,目的在于寻求科学有效且经济的室内甲醛污染物治理策略。在人造板甲醛的治理方法中,使用无甲醛添加的胶黏剂是人造板及其制品治理甲醛污染最根本的解决方法。     

微囊型甲醛捕捉剂对薄木饰面人造板甲醛释放量的影响

随着薄木饰面板在家具、装修领域中的使用量越来越大,人造板的游离甲醛释放问题也愈发引起人们关注,现有的甲醛捕捉剂一般只能在短期内发挥效果,而对人造板甲醛的长期释放控制效果并不理想。为解决人造板甲醛释放的长期性问题,以尿素为芯材、乙基纤维素为壁材制备微囊型甲醛捕捉剂,探讨不同乳化剂及芯壁比制备的微囊型甲醛捕捉剂对饰面人造板甲醛控释效果的影响。结果表明,当乳化剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、芯壁比为3∶1,乳化剂用量1%、壁材质量分数3%、搅拌速度1000 r/min时,制备出的微胶囊芯材负载效果最好,负载量达到36.24%、负载效率为8.05%。采用该微胶囊以2%的质量比与脲醛树脂胶黏剂混配进行饰面板贴面热压时,得到的薄木贴面板的甲醛释放量相比未处理饰面板降低了37.9%。经过20 d后,微胶囊对其饰面板甲醛的释放仍表现出一定的控制效果,饰面板的甲醛释放量为0.99 mg/L,仅为未处理饰面板的56.9%。说明用微囊型甲醛捕捉剂对饰面人造板进行处理不仅能够对饰面板中的甲醛进行控释,而且在长期的放置、使用过程中也能够持续发挥作用,从而达到降低室内空气中甲醛浓度的目的。     

Utilization of pine (Pinus pinea L.) cone in manufacture of wood based composite

Physical and mechanical properties of medium density fiberboards (MDF) made from various mixtures of wood fibers and stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) cones were evaluated using European standards. MDF panels were manufactured using standardized procedures that simulated industrial production at the laboratory. Six panel types were made from mixtures of wood fiber/cone flour, 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 percents, respectively. Addition of the cone flour into the MDF significantly reduced formaldehyde emission from the panel. In addition, the addition of 10% cone flour also improved water resistance of the MDF panels made using urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin. However, further addition of the cone flour into the panel negatively influenced their water resistance. Flexural properties and internal bond strength decreased with the increase of cone flour content in the panel. The UF resin is the main source of formaldehyde emission from the UF-bonded wood-based panels. Depending on addition of the cone flour in the panels, the formaldehyde emission values ranged from 2.6% to 55.3% lower than the panels made from 100% wood fiber. Based on the findings obtained from this study, pine cone can be used as a renewable biological formaldehyde catcher as an alternative to the traditional formaldehyde catchers for E1 Class MDF manufacture.     

低甲醛释放量刨花板用脲醛树脂结构的研究(英文)

本文通过~(13)C NMR研究了脲醛树脂合成新工艺中不同反应阶段时的脲醛树脂的化学结构。研究结果表明脲醛树脂的化学结构主要受甲醛/尿素的摩尔比,pH值、反应温度和反应时间的影响。对脲醛树脂中主要的官能团:游离甲醛、亚甲基、亚甲基醚、Uron等相互关系也进行了研究。指出了生产低甲醛释放量,高力学性能刨花板用脲醛树脂中主要官能团的最佳含量。     

用异氰酸酯胶生产中密度纤维板的尝试

以异氰酸酯为胶黏剂,进行了2种原料的中密度纤维板(MDF)生产试验,分析其生产工艺的特点,并根据我国国标及日本相关标准,对板材的性能与甲醛释放量等指标进行检测。结果表明:用异氰酸酯制造的MDF,其各项指标均优于UF胶的MDF,是一种应用前景广阔的环保板材。     

基于响应面分析法优化杨木增强处理环保工艺

本文基于BBD响应面优化方法,建立杨木强化材目标性能可评价工艺参数模型,并优化出室内家具用杨木强化材环保生产工艺,结果表明:以加压压力、加压时间、树脂质量分数作为响应因子,分别以MOE、WPG、TVOC释放量和甲醛释放量作为响应值的预测模型显著,模型决定系数大于0.9;当加压压力、加压时间、树脂质量分数分别为0.89 MPa、2.5 h、32%时,产品环保性能在考察工艺参数范围内最优。