Relationship between HBV genotype,PreS/S gene mutation and immunoprophylaxis failure to prevent HBV mother-to-child transmission

AIM：To investigate the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype, PreS/S gene mutation and immunoprophylaxis failure to prevent HBV mother-to-child transmission.
METHODS：Pregnant women with positive HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA≥1×1010 IU/L were divided into case group (15 cases) and control group (45 cases) according to their neonates with immunoprophylaxis failure or not. The genotypes of HBV and the mutation rate and mutational hot spots in PreS/S gene were detected by PCR amplification technique in the two groups.
RESULTS：(1) Genotypes B and C of HBV were detected in both case and control groups, and the majority of HBV genotype was B in the two groups. Genotype distribution difference between case and control groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). (2) There was no significant difference in the mutation rate of PreS/S gene between case and control groups (P>0.05). The mutation rates of PreS/S gene between genotypes B and C were significantly different (P<0.05), but when the HBV genotype was the same, the mutation rate of PreS/S gene had no significant difference between case and control groups. Homology tree model based on PreS2/S gene formed genotype B and genotype C clusters, and in each cluster, the sequences of case and control groups did not formed smaller different clusters further. (3) 529G-A, 530A-G, 826A-G1 and 166het-dupC were hot spots of mutation in PreS2/S gene and were found in 4 cases in case group, respectively. A530T (1 case), A530G (2 cases), T531C (3 cases) were found in control group.
CONCLUSION：(1) The mutation rates of PreS/S gene are different in various genotypes. (2) The mutation in PreS/S gene of HBV is prevalent, but not all of the mutations are related to immunoprophylaxis failure to prevent HBV mother-to-child transmission. To find mutational hot spots which are related to immunoprophylaxis failure is more important.     

Association of IFN-γ and IL-4 gene polymorphisms with childhood bronchial asthmatic susceptibility and the levels of plasma IFN-γ,IL-4 and IgE

AIM: To investigate the gene polymorphisms of interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and interleukin-4(IL-4) and the association with asthmatic susceptibility and the levels of plasma IFN-γ, IL-4 and IgE of asthmatic children. METHODS: 100 asthmatic children and 122 control children were enrolled the study. The genotypes of IFN-γ gene-179G/T polymorphism, IL-4 gene-33C/T and-589C/T polymorphisms were tested by PCR-RFLP.The genotype of IFN-γ gene +874A/T polymorphism was tested by AS-PCR.The CA repeat polymorphism of IFN-γ gene was detected by capillary electrophoresis technique.The levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-4 and IgE were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: 100 asthmatic children and 122 control children were all GG homozygotes at -179 locus of IFN-γ gene.-179 locus of IFN-γ gene has no mutation. The genotypes and allele frequency of IFN-γ gene +874A/T and CA repeat polymorphisms showed no significant difference between asthmatic children and the control(P>0.05). An association was revealed between IFN-γ gene +874A/T polymorphism and the level of plasma IFN-γ.The level of IFN-γ was lower in AA genotype than in AT genotype(P<0.05). The genotypes and allele frequency of IL-4 gene -33C/T and -589C/T polymorphisms showed significant difference between asthmatic children and the control(P<0.05).The levels of plasma IL-4 and IgE were higher in TT genotype at -33 locus and -589 locus than those in CT genotype, but only -33C/T polymorphism was associated with the level of plasma IL-4(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The IFN-γ gene +874A/T and CA repeat polymorphisms were not correlated with asthmatic susceptibility, but there is significant correlation between the level of IFN-γ and +874A/T polymorphism. TT genotype of IL-4 gene -33 locus and -589 locus maybe the susceptible genotype of asthma in children, and the -33 locus polymorphism is associated with the level of IL-4.     

Genetic variants of IL-33 are associated with clinical phenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease in Han population of southern China

AIM：To investigate whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin-33 (IL-33) gene are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Han population of southern China. METHODS：Eight tag-SNPs were selected from the IL-33 gene using the HapMap database. These tag-SNPs were genotyped in 250 Crohn disease (CD) patients, 115 ulcerative colitis (UC) cases and 622 healthy controls by MALDI-TOF MS assay. RESULTS：No difference of the distribution frequencies of genotypes and alleles between the cases and the controls was observed (P>0.05). Genotype-phenotype analysis suggested that several sites were associated with clinical phenotypes of CD.The T allele of SNP rs10118795 was a protective factor for extra-intestinal manifestation (EIM; P<0.05, OR=0.513, 95% CI： 0.281~0.938), while the CC genotype of SNP rs7025417 (P<0.05, OR=1.363, 95% CI： 1.006~1.846) was a risk factor for EIM. The C allele of rs10118795 decreased the risk for developing perianal lesions (P<0.05, OR=0.480, 95% CI： 0.232~0.994), while the CC genotype of rs10975519 was a risk factor for perianal lesions (P<0.05, OR=2.054, 95% CI： 1.053~4.009). The G allele of rs10975509 increased the risk of upper gastrointestinal CD (P<0.05, OR=3.570, 95% CI： 1.328～9.600), and the A allele of it increased the risk for developing ileocolonic CD (P<0.05, OR=0.613, 95% CI： 0.377~0.996). In the aspect of treatment, the genotypes of rs10118795, rs10975509 and rs7025417 were associated with mucosal healing after infliximab treatment for 30 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.05). In the UC patients, no significant effect of the selected 8 tag-SNPs on the UC phenotypes was observed. CONCLUSION：Eight polymorphisms of IL-33 do not increase the risk of CD and UC in the Han population of southern China, but some of them have an effect on the clinical phenotypes of CD, and 3 SNPs may be potential markers for prediction of effectiveness of infliximab treatment.     

Role of multidrug resistance gene 1 polymorphism in prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with liver transplantation

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between three multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) polymorphisms (C1236T, G2677A/T, C3435T) and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese liver transplantation (LT) patients.METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was applied to determine the genotypes of MDR1 gene in 50 HCC patients treated with LT. The tumor-free survival and overall survival were compared among these patients according to the polymorphisms of MDR1 by Kaplan-Meier method, multivariate regression analysis was also performed.RESULTS: No significant association was found between C1236T, G2677T, C3435T and prognosis of these patients. But interestingly, 2677A carrier group had significantly higher tumor-free survival rate than 2677A noncarrier group (P<0.05). The multivariate regression analysis revealed that 2677A carrier genotype was one of the independent factors for predicting tumor-free survival (RR=0.143, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: MDR1 2677A carrier genotype is correlated with the tumor-free survival. MDR1 2677A carrier genotype may be a useful independent prognostic factor in HCC patients treated with LT.     

Association between ERK5 -322G/T polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate the correlation between extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 ( ERK5 ) -322G/T polymorphism (rs3866958) and the susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in southern Chinese population. METHODS: ERK5 -322G/T genotypes were determined by Taqman-MGB probes in 835 CRC cases and 908 healthy controls. RESULTS: No significance of ERK5 -322G/T genotype distribution between CRC patients and controls was observed, but -322G/T decreased the susceptibility to CRC in fat people whose BMI was ≥ 24 kg/m². Compared to GG genotypes, the carriers with GT and TT genotypes had a significant decrease in the risk of CRC(OR=0.576,95%CI 0.413-0.804, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: ERK5 -322G/T polymorphism (rs3866958) has no significant relevance with sporadic CRC susceptibility, but decrease, the risk of CRC in people with fatness. The T variant genotype is an independent protective factor against sporadic CRC of overweight patients in southern Chinese population.     

Distribution characteristics of polymorphisms of interleukin-22 gene in Guangxi population and their association with serum lipid levels

AIM: To investigate the distribution characteristics of interleukin-22 (IL-22) gene rs2227485C/T and rs2227491A/G polymorphisms in Guangxi people and the distribution differences with other ethnic groups, and to explore the difference levels of common lipid indexes in different genotypes. METHODS: SNaPshot technique and DNA sequencing were used in 280 Guangxi persons to examine IL-22 genotypes and to analyzed the distribution frequencies of allele and genotype in these sites. The distribution frequencies in different sexes, and the differences between groups and diffe-rence levels of common lipid indexes in different genotypes were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Three genotypes of CC, CT and TT were found in rs2227485C/T with the frequency distribution of 17.1%, 49.3% and 33.6%, respectively. No significant difference between different sexes of each genotype and allele frequency in the Guangxi population was observed (P>0.05). Compared with the distribution frequencies of genotype and allele in HapMap-TSI, HapMap-HCB, HapMap-JPT and HapMap-MEX, those in Guangxi population showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Three genotypes of AA, AG and GG were found in rs2227491A/G with the frequency distribution of 16.1%, 52.8% and 31.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference between different sexes of each genotype and allele frequency in the Guangxi population (P>0.05). The significant differences of genotype frequencies among Guangxi population, HapMap-TSI, HapMap-JPT and HapMap-MEX were detected (P<0.05). Compared with the other 4 populations, allele frequencies in Guangxi population had significant difference (P <0.05). There were significant differences in the levels of HDL-C and LDL-C among the 3 genotypes of rs2227491A/G. The level of HDL-C had difference between AG/AA genotype and GG genotype. In addition, the level of LDL-C had difference between AG/GG genotype and AA genotype (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: rs2227485C/T and rs2227491A/G polymorphisms of IL-22 gene have differences in different populations. The rs2227491A/G polymorphism may be associated with serum lipid levels.     

SNPs analysis of the METTL4 gene in high myopia groups

AIM: To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the METTL4 gene which was mapped to 18p11.31, and the relationship between the SNPs and high myopia. METHODS: Genomic DNA was collected from 71 control subjects and 177 individuals with high myopia. Among them, there were 59 autosomal dominant high myopia probands (AD group), 46 autosomal recessive probands (AR group) and 72 patients non-transmitted (SF group). The exons of METTL4 gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, heteroduplex-single strand conformation polymorphism (HA-SSCP) and sequencing. RESULTS: There were 2 SNPs of METTL4 gene in high myopia individuals and control subjects: SNP7438A→C, Glu230Asp, which hadn't been reported in GenBank;and SNP131C→A, Gln310Lys. SNP7438A→C genotypes between controls and high myopia groups were not different. SNP131C→A genotypes between controls and AR or SF groups were not different, while SNP131C→A genotypes showed a significant difference between AD group and control subjects. CONCLUSION: In METTL4 gene, SNP7438A→C is not responsible for high myopia. Further studies are needed to confirm whether SNP131C→A is responsible for autosomal dominant high myopia.     

Association between IL-6-572C/G as well as IFNAR1-168G/C and hepatitis B virus infection in populations of Dai and Han ethnicities in Yunnan Province

ATM: To explore the association between IL-6-572C/G (rs1800796) as well as interferon alpha receptor 1 (IFNAR1)-168G/C (rs2257167) and prognosis after hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in populations of Dai and Han ethnicities in Yunnan Province. METHODS: The blood samples were collected from Dai people and Han people, each nation including 100 healthy controls and 200 infected individuals (100 spontaneous recovery individuals and 100 chronic patients). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing were used to identify the gene type. RESULTS: In Dai people, no significant difference was found between genetic polymorphism of -572C/G and prognosis after HBV infection. The differences of C and G alleles between spontaneous recovery group and chronic hepatitis B group, and healthy controls and HBV infection group were not statistically significant. Meanwhile, GG and CG genotypes were a vital protective factor for the person who developed into a chronic heptatitis B patient under the G allele dominance mode (GG+CG/CC) (P<0.05). In Han people, no statistically significance for IL-6-572C/G genotype and allele distribution in each group comparisons had been found, as well as the C allele recessive mode and C allele dominance mode. For the above 4 indicators, no statistically significant difference of IFNAR1-168C/G in Dai and Han people had been found.CONCLUSION: The GG+CG genotype of IL-6-572C/G may be a protective factor for the HBV-infected Dai people to develop into chronic hepatitis B patients. However, there is no significant association between the IFNAR1-168G/C polymorphism and prognosis after HBV infection in the 2 ethnicities.     

Correlation of adiponectin gene SNP+45 T/G polymorphism with coronary heart disease

AIM: To investigate the relationship between adiponectin gene SNP+45 polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) in south China Han population. METHODS: The nondiabetic CHD patients diagnosed by the coronary angiography were selected as CHD subjects (153 cases), and 73 healthy adults served as normal control subjects. The polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to identify the distribution pattern of adiponectin gene SNP+45 in all subjects. The levels of plasma adiponectin were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The frequency of T/G + G/G genotype and G allele in CHD patients were significantly higher than those in control subjects (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the adiponectin gene SNP+45 T/G+G/G genotype had a strong positive association with CHD (OR: 2.132, 95.0% CI: 1.034-4.397, P＜0.05). The plasma adiponectin was negatively associated with CHD (OR: 0.868, 95.0% CI: 0.785-0.959, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The T/G+ G/G genotype was a possible risk factor for CHD in southern China Han population.     

Expression of IL-1α and TNF-α modified by Toll-like receptor 4 genetic polymorphism is associated with colorectal carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the association of D299G, T399I and A896G polymorphisms of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC). METHODS:
The genotypes of these 3 loci among 268 patients with CRC and 268 healthy controls were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengthy polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The protein levels of IL-1α, IL-8, TGF-β and TNF-α in the homogenate of CRC biopsies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: No significant difference of the genotype frequencies of TLR4 A896G and D299G between the cases and the controls was observed. CT combined TT genotype of T399I was significantly associated with increased CRC risk. The individuals with the T allele of T399I showed a 1.843-fold increase in CRC risk as compared with the C allele. The concentrations of IL-1α and TNF-α in CRC biopsies were significantly elevated in the individuals with the genotype of T399I CT combined with TT as compared with the genotype of CC. CONCLUSION: TLR4 T399I promotes the development of CRC by modifying the expression of IL-1α and TNF-α in CRC tissues.     

Influence of MTHFR genetic polymorphism on the indexes of vascular endothelial functions

AIM: To investigate the influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 C→T mutation on angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang II), prostacyclin (PGI₂) and nitric oxide (NO). METHODS: By cluster sampling, 1146 adult Han people were selected from the residential communities. MTHFR 677 genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for each sample. Plasma levels of homocysteine were determined by fluorescence ration biochemical assay. Serum NO levels were determined by cadmium reduction method. Plasma AngⅡ and PGI₂ concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. SPSS 13.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Total samples were divided into three groups according to the genotypes. No significant difference in PGI₂ and AngⅡamong the three groups was observed. The difference of serum NO level between the C/C and T/C genotypes was not significant (P>0.05). The serum concentration of NO of T/T genotype was significantly lower than that of T/C and C/C genotypes (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The influence of MTHFR 677 C→T mutation on Ang II and PGI₂ is not significant in the people from the residential communities. The decrease in serum NO level might be one of the underlying mechanisms of MTHFR 677 C→T mutation causing myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.     

Glu216Lys polymorphism of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein gene has no association with inflammatory bowel disease in Chinese Han population

AIM：To investigate the association between Glu216Lys polymorphism of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) gene and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Chinese Han population and to elucidate the potential interactions between genotypes and clinical features. METHODS：The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of Glu216Lys was genotyped in 286 IBD patients, including 173 Crohn disease (CD) and 113 ulcerative colitis (UC) cases, and 332 age- and sex-matched healthy controls by primer-introduced restriction analysis PCR (PIRA-PCR). Univariate analysis and Logistic regression model were used to evaluate the influences of Glu216Lys polymorphism on IBD clinical features. RESULTS：No significant difference in the frequency of the genotypes and alleles between cases and controls (CD group vs control group, P>0.05; UC group vs control group, P>0.05) was observed. Glu216Lys polymorphism had no relationship with the clinical types of UC and CD (P>0.05). CONCLUSION：The SNP of Glu216Lys in BPI is not associated with IBD in Chinese Han population. The contribution of genetic determinants is significantly different among ethnicities．     

Relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism -229C/T in P1 promoter of furin gene and functions of hepatocytes in patients with liver cirrhosis

AIM: To study the influences of P1 promoter activity of furin gene on the functions of hepatocytes in patients with liver cirrhosis. METHODS: The patients with liver cirrhosis of 180 cases were recruited. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP -229 C/T) in P1 promoter of furin gene was genotyped using competitively differentiated polymerase chain reaction. The relationships between the promoter activity based on genotyping and the serum levels of liver enzymes, total bilirubin, albumin and prothrombin were observed. RESULTS: The distribution frequencies of allele C and T were 75.3% (271/360) and 24.7% (89/360). Those of genotypes CC, CT and TT were 62.2% (112/180), 26.1% (47/180) and 11.7% (21/180), respectively. The distribution frequencies of the genotypes were not related to the serum levels of major liver enzymes, albumin, total bilirubin and prothrombin, except for alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase. CONCLUSION: The activity of furin promoter exerts no effects on the main functions of hepatocytes, suggesting that furin may be a new therapeutic target for HBV infection.     

Study on the association of the polymorphism at the position -418A/G and -384C/T in the Apo(a) promoter

AIM: To investigate two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the apolipoprotein(a) promoter at positions -418 and -384 and to compare distributing difference of genotype frequencies of single nucleotide among different races and to explore the influencies of them on serum lipid level and their association with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: Using PCR-RFLP (BsgI,BfaI) method, we determined genotypes of these two SNPs in 156 unrelated healthy controls of HanZu Chinese and 56 unrelated CHD patients of HanZu Chinese and 56 unrelated African Blacks, then cloned polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products into T-vector and sequenced it by M13 currency primer, correspondingly. RESULTS: (1) There was no polymorphism at position -418A/A and -384C/C in control group. Only one CHD patient's genotype determined was -418G/G, other were -418A/A and -384C/C in CHD patients. (2) Only two African Blacks' genotype determined was -418G/G, other were -418A/A and -384C/C in African Blacks. (3) However, the Apo(a) promoter sequence was in coincident with the sequence publicized in GenBank and the base at positions -418 was adenine (A) and -384 was cytosine (C). CONCLUSION: The mutation frequencies at position -418 and -384 were low in the Chinese Han Population of Hubei and perhaps no single nucleotide polymorphisms was at two positions. No association with serum lipid levels and CHD was observed. There were great variabilities to the SNPs in the Apo(a) promoter among different races.     

Family-based transmission disequilibrium association study on TGFβ1 -509C/T polymorphism and IgA nephropathy

AIM: To investigate the relationship between transforming groupth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)-509C/T polymorphism and IgA nephropathy using family-based analysis of transmission disequilibrium test and haplotype relative risk. METHODS: The genotypes of TGFβ1 -509C/T were determined by PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing. Two family-based designs, transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HRR) were employed for the data analysis. The patients were followed up and clinical data retrieved and compared. RESULTS: ① No transmission disequilibrium was found from heterozygous parents onto patients in our 106 trios analyzed by TDT （χ2=0.559, P>0.05）. ② No increased risks of contracting the disease oweing to-509C/T polymorphism of TGFβ1 in our 130 trios analyzed by either genotype-based HRR or haplotype-based HRR （χ2=0.667, P>0.05; χ2=0.650, P>0.05, HRR=0.878）. ③ 296 cases of IgA nephropathy were tracked for nearly two years, the results showed that the CC genotype frequency was very significantly higher in patients with renal function deterioration ［χ2 (CC/others)=10.402, P<0.01, OR=2.900］. CONCLUSION: TGFβ1-509 CC genotype may be associated with progression of IgA nephropathy, but the -509C/T polymorphism is not associated with susceptibility to this disease in Chinese Han population.     

Association of OPG gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population

AIM：To investigate the association of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 163A/G (rs3102735) and 245T/G (rs3134069), with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Chinese Han population. METHODS：A total of 205 patients with RA and 171 healthy control subjects were enrolled into this study. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism and subsequently confirmed by DNA sequencing. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the risk genotypes and alleles. RESULTS：OPG gene polymorphisms 163A/G and 245T/G were conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The statistical differences in the genotypes of AA, AG and GG at 163A/G locus were found in RA and controls. The G allele was associated with an increased risk of RA, with OR of 1.219 (95％ CI: 1.066~2.339). No significant difference was observed between RA group and control group with respect to genotypic and allelic frequencies of OPG gene 245T/G (P>0.05）. CONCLUSION：The OPG gene 163A/G SNP may be associated with RA susceptibility, and G allele may be the risk factor for developing RA.     

Relationship between polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene and different traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in patients with essential hypertension

AIM: To study the distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D polymorphism and its relationship with various traditional Chinese medicine (TCM ) syndromes in patients with essential hypertension.METHODS: 120 individuals with essential hypertension were involved and classified into liver-fire hyperactivity(LFH) syndrome,yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity(YDYH) syndrome, yin-yang deficiency(YYD) syndrome and sputum-dampness retention(SDR) syndrome based on the syndrome differentiation of TCM, while 30 normal individuals served as the control group.The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test ACE I/D polymorphism.RESULTS: The ACE gene DD genotype in yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity syndrome was markedly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in ACE gene II, ID genotypes and alleles between patients with hypertension and normal controls(P>0.05).There was no difference in ACE genotype and allele among different TCM syndromes in patients with essential hypertension(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The DD genotype of ACE polymorphism is associated with yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity syndrome in patients with essential hypertension.     

Significance of NF-кB in immunopathogenesis of Graves disease

AIM:To investigate the activity of NF-кB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with Graves disease (GD) and the significance in immunopathogenesis of GD.METHODS:Peripheral blood was collected from 22 untreated GD, 20 treated GD with tapazole more than 1 year, and 25 healthy volunteers.PBMCs were isolated from the blood by histopaque-1077 density-gradient centrifugation.The activity of NF-кB in PBMCs was analyzed using gel electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).The contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were tested by radioimmunoassay.RESULTS:The activity of NF-кB in PBMCs of untreated GD group was increased remarkably, compared with that in the treated group and control (P<0.05).The contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in untreated group were significantly higher than those in treated GD and control group (P<0.05).A positive correlation between NF-кB activity and IL-6 level in untreated GD group and treated GD group was observed.CONCLUSION:The activity of NF-кB in PBMCs with GD patients is increased significantly, which might play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of GD.     

Changes of cellular immunological function after surgical operation in patients with locally advanced lung cancer

AIM: To study the change of cellular immunological function in patients with locally advanced lung cancer before and after operations. METHODS: A lung cancer group of 20 cases with locally advanced lung cancer (group A), a benign disease group of 20 cases with lung benign disease (group B) and a normal group of 20 cases from healthy volunteers (group C) were set up. The levels of the peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets (CD+3, CD+4, CD+8, CD+4/ CD+8 ratio) were detected in the group A before operation and on the 10th day and 17th day after operation by indirect immuno-fluorescence assay and contrasted with the group B and group C. RESULTS: The levels of T lymphocyte subsets in group A were abnormal before operation, CD+3, CD+4/ CD+8 ratio were significantly lower than those in group B and group C (P<0.05), and CD+8 was significantly higher (P<0.05). CD+3 significantly increased (P<0.05) and CD+8 decreased (P<0.05) on 10th day and 17th day after operation. CD+4/ CD+8 ratio significantly increased on 17th day after operation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of the levels of T lymphocyte subsets between the 10th day and 17th day after operation. CONCLUSIONS: The patients with locally advanced lung cancer have a remarkable impairment of immunological function, which mainly show stronger immunosuppression and have some recovery after operation. In the view of immunology, the surgical resection for locally advanced lung cancer shows active significance.