精料粗蛋白质水平对西农萨能奶山羊羔羊生长发育的影响

试验通过研究补饲不同粗蛋白质（CP）水平精料对西农萨能奶山羊羔羊生长发育的影响,旨在筛选出羔羊培育阶段适宜的补饲精料CP水平。选取日龄、体重相近,同质性好的健康西农萨能奶山羊羔羊60只（公羔40只、母羔20只）,按性别随机分为4组,M16、M20组为公羔,每组20只,F16、F20组为母羔,每组10只。M16、F16组饲喂CP水平为16%的粉料,M20、F20组饲喂CP水平为20%的粉料。试验期18周,每2周测定羔羊的体重、体尺指标,定期采集血液样品测定血液生化指标。结果显示,20% CP组羔羊体重有大于16% CP组羔羊的趋势,公羔更为明显,18周龄时,20% CP组羔羊的体高、尻高、尻长、体斜长、胸深、胸围均高于16% CP组羔羊,性别因素对羔羊的生长发育有一定影响,公羔表现出较快的生长趋势。补饲不同CP水平的粉料对大部分血液生化指标无显著影响（P＞0.05）。但高CP水平日粮易引发羔羊腹泻,因此在羔羊培育时要严格控制给料量。与16% CP的精料相比,20% CP的精料作为羔羊补饲料更有利于羔羊的生长发育。     

不同营养水平日粮对海南黑山羊肥育羔羊生长性能和器官指数的影响

试验旨在研究不同营养水平日粮对海南黑山羊肥育羔羊生长性能和器官指数的影响。采用2×3析因设计,将24只3月龄、体重为(10.56±1.28)kg海南黑山羊随机分成6个处理组,每个处理组4只羊(公、母各半),每只羊为1个重复。6个不同营养水平精饲料处理组分别为:试验1组粗蛋白质(CP)水平为15%、消化能(DE)水平为11.72 MJ/kg,试验2组CP 15%、DE 12.55 MJ/kg,试验3组CP 15%、DE 13.39 MJ/kg,试验4组CP 17%、DE 11.72 MJ/kg,试验5组CP 17%、DE 12.55 MJ/kg,试验6组CP 17%、DE 13.39 MJ/kg,试验期90 d。结果表明,精饲料粗蛋白质水平对试验羊平均日增重影响显著(P<0.05),17% CP日粮组试验羊有较高的平均日增重(P<0.05)和较低的料重比(P<0.05);日粮精饲料蛋白质和能量水平对心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胃的脏器指数影响均不显著(P>0.05),随着精饲料消化能水平的增加,肠道的脏器指数逐渐减小(P<0.05)。结果提示,补饲不同营养水平精饲料对3月龄海南黑山羊育肥期羔羊平均日增重和料重比均有显著影响(P<0.05),对黑山羊肠道重量及肠道器官指数影响显著(P<0.05),而对其他内脏器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。     

放牧藏羊冷季营养调控试验报告

藏系绵羊在产羔后分为4组,进行为期90天的补饲试验,结果:试验1组只均日补饲优质青干草0.5 kg,母羊和羔羊的增重分别为1.57kg和5.29kg;试验2组只均日补饲精料0.25kg,母羊和羔羊的增重分别为2.36 kg和7.9kg;试验3组只均日补饲精料0.5kg,母羊和羔羊的增重分别为4.25 kg和10.02kg;试验4组只均日补饲营养添砖0.15kg,母羊和羔羊的增重分别为1.7kg和6.51kg。4个试验组均达到了母羊保膘和羔羊成活的目的。其中,第3组母羊和羔羊的增重最高,饲料成本也最高;第1组母羊和羔羊的增重最少,但补饲成本最低。     

妊娠后期母羊饲粮精料比例对羔羊生长性能、消化性能及血清抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究妊娠后期母羊饲粮精料比例对羔羊生长性能、消化性能和血清抗氧化指标的影响。试验选用66只妊娠90 d、平均体重为(44.45±2.20)kg的初产湖羊,按照体重相近原则随机分为3组,每组11个重复,每个重复2只。各组母羊妊娠期饲粮精料比例分别为50%、40%和30%,分娩后母羊饲喂相同的全混合日粮(TM R)。羔羊10日龄,每只母羊取1只羔羊断母乳,饲喂代乳粉;15日龄补饲开食料;20日龄补饲苜蓿干草,自由采食至60日龄。每10 d测定1次羔羊体重,51~60日龄进行羔羊消化代谢试验,20和60日龄采集羔羊血液测定血清抗氧化指标。结果表明:妊娠后期母羊饲粮精料比例对羔羊1、10、20、30、40、50、60日龄体重,20、60日龄体尺指标及营养物质表观消化率均无显著影响(P0.05)。随母羊饲粮精料比例降低,20日龄羔羊血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性极显著升高(P0.01),60日龄50%组显著或极显著低于其他2组(P0.05或P0.01);30%组20和60日龄羔羊血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性极显著高于其他2组(P0.01);血清中MDA的含量在20日龄时随母羊饲粮精料比例的降低而极显著降低(P0.01),60日龄时50%组显著高于30%组(P0.05)。结果提示,妊娠后期母羊饲粮的精料比例对产后早期断奶羔羊的体重、体尺、营养物质表观消化率无显著影响,但随母羊饲粮精料比例的降低,羔羊血清的抗氧化能力提高。     

Effects of supplementary feeding around lambing time on the productivity of Javanese thin-tail ewes

The extent to which ewe reproduction could be improved by supplementary feeding around lambing time was investigated with four groups each of 16 ewes which were run continuously with fertile rams until they had lambed three times. One group was fed at a maintenance level throughout and the other three groups were given supplementary feed during the last four week of each pregnancy only, or during the last four weeks of pregnancy plus the first six weeks after each lambing, or during the last four weeks of pregnancy plus the first 12 weeks after each lambing. The average body weight of lambs weaned at 13 weeks of age increased (P less than 0.001) progressively from 6.0 to 9.1 kg with increasing duration of supplementary feeding. There were however no significant differences between treatment groups in mean interval between successive lambings (202 days), ovulation rate (2.26), litter size (1.58), lamb birth weight (1.8 kg), preweaning lamb mortality (37%) or number of lambs weaned per lambing (0.99).     

新疆也木勒白羊羔羊生长发育规律及其与体尺的相关性研究

试验对0~120日龄新疆也木勒白羊羔羊体尺指标、体重生长发育规律进行了分析,旨在为也木勒白羊品种选育提供理论依据。选择222只也木勒白羊初生羔羊,每30 d对其体尺、体重进行测量,直至120日龄。结果显示,也木勒白羊公、母羔早期各月龄体重、体尺累积增长差异极显著（P<0.01）,公羔生长发育较母羔快,公、母羔30~60日龄生长速度最快,30~60日龄公羔平均日增重（ADG）较母羔多6.8 g/d;体尺指标分析结果显示,体长、体高、管围、脂臀宽和脂臀厚在0~30日龄增长最快,胸围和脂臀长在30~60日龄增长最快,公、母羔脂臀长指标在90~120日龄差异明显;120日龄断奶羔羊体尺与体重表型相关性分析结果显示,羔羊胸围与体重的相关系数最大,脂臀长与体重的相关系数最小。通径分析结果显示,羔羊胸围对体重的直接作用较大,体高、体长、脂臀长和脂臀宽主要通过间接作用影响体重。公羔管围对体重的直接作用大于间接作用,母羔管围对体重的间接作用大于直接作用。     

MSTN基因在1~6月龄哈萨克羔羊肌肉组织中表达量及其与生长指标相关性分析

试验旨在分析MSTN基因在1~6月龄哈萨克羔羊肌肉组织中表达量及其与各项生长指标的相关性,为哈萨克羊的良种选育提供科学依据.随机选取5只哈萨克公羔羊,每月定时在羔羊活体腿部取肌肉组织,软尺测量体长、体高、体重、管围、胸围等各项生长指标.实时荧光定量 PCR分析1~6月龄哈萨克羔羊肌肉组织中MSTN的表达量,相关性分析MSTN基因在羔羊肌肉中的表达量与各项生长指标的关联性.结果显示:哈萨克羔羊各项生长指标在1、2月龄快速增长,体重从4月龄开始增重缓慢,体长、体高、胸围在3月龄出现增长缓慢,管围在3月龄起基本停止增长.MSTN基因在1~4月龄哈萨克羔羊肌肉组织中表达量均无显著性差异(P>0.05),呈现略微上升的趋势,5月龄达到最高峰,6月龄迅速下降.MSTN 基因在肌肉中表达量与体长呈显著负相关 (P<0.05),相关系数为-0.472,与体重、胸围呈弱负相关,与管围、体高呈弱正相关.     

隔栏补饲时间对杜湖杂交羔羊生长性能、羊毛品质和血清生化指标的影响

试验通过研究不同隔栏补饲时间对杜湖杂交羔羊生长性能、羊毛品质和生化指标的影响，以确定最佳的羔羊隔栏补饲时间。选取体重均匀、体况相近的健康公羔180只，分为3组，每组60只，15日龄时开始隔栏补饲，40日龄时结束，Ⅰ组每日隔栏补饲时间为6 h，Ⅱ组从6 h过渡至10 h，Ⅲ组从6 h过渡至12 h。试验开始和结束当天晨饲前对羔羊称重测定其生长性能指标，试验结束当天采集毛样和血样测定羔羊羊毛品质及血清生化等相关指标。结果表明，随着隔栏补饲时间的延长，羔羊表现出平均日增重逐渐增大、采食量下降、料重比减小的趋势，但组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。羔羊体侧部羊毛中有髓毛与无髓毛的比例在不同组间差异显著（P<0.05），有髓毛占比Ⅰ组>Ⅱ组>Ⅲ组，无髓毛占比Ⅲ组>Ⅱ组>Ⅰ组，无髓毛比例随隔栏补饲时间的延长而增加，其他羊毛指标组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。Ⅱ和Ⅲ组羔羊血清甘油三酯含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅰ和Ⅱ组羔羊血清白蛋白含量显著高于Ⅲ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ组肌酐含量显著高于Ⅲ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ组肌酸激酶活性显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）。综合分析，羔羊15~40日龄与母羊逐渐隔离，随着羔羊隔栏补饲时间的延长，其生长性能得到了提高。隔栏补饲时间最长的Ⅲ组，其平均日增重、料重比及羊毛品质均优于其他组。     

波德代、无角陶赛特与甘南藏羊F1生长发育研究

试验结果表明:在相同的自然条件下,波杂(波德代羊×甘南山谷型藏羊)F1羔羊和陶杂(无角陶塞特羊×甘南山谷型藏羊)F1羔羊在初生重、0~180日龄平均日增重,公羔分别为4.65 kg、124.67 g/d和4.57 kg1、21.39 g/d;母羔分别为4.36 kg1、12.11 g/d和4.19 kg1、16.67 g/d,均显著高于甘南山谷型藏羊的相应指标,差异极显著。1、3、6月龄体重、体高、体长、胸围均高于甘南山谷型藏羊,差异极显著;管围、尻宽差异不显著体型指数优于甘南山谷型藏羊,接近肉用羊体型。     

妊娠后期母羊饲粮营养水平对产后羔羊生长性能、器官发育和血清抗氧旨标的影响

本试验在干物质采食量一致条件下,改变精料补充料与饲草比例调控妊娠后期母羊饲粮营养水平,旨在研究其对产后羔羊生长性能、器官发育和血清抗氧化指标的影响.选用健康、年龄[(11.0±1.0)月龄]和体重[(44.43±2.20) kg]相近、妊娠90 d的怀双羔初产湖羊母羊66只,分为3组,每组22只.以干物质为基础按照精料补充料与饲草比例分别为5∶5(5∶5组)、4∶6(4∶6组)和3∶7(3∶7组)饲喂至产羔,产羔后各组母羊饲喂相同的全混合日粮,自由采食.出生10、60 d屠宰羔羊测定各组织器官重量,出生20、60 d采集羔羊血清测定血清抗氧化指标.结果表明:1)妊娠后期母羊饲粮营养水平对羔羊初生重、哺乳期(出生0～60 d)羔羊体重均无显著影响(P>0.05),但随营养水平降低,羔羊初生重有降低趋势(0.05≤P<0.10),出生40和50 d体重有增加趋势(0.05≤P<0.10).2)出生0d,随着妊娠后期母羊饲粮营养水平的降低,羔羊的胸深极显著提高(P<0.01),体斜长显著降低(P<0.05);出生60 d,随着妊娠后期母羊饲粮营养水平的降低,羔羊的胸深、曲冠臀长显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01).3)出生10 d,羔羊的肝脏、肺脏的重量随妊娠后期母羊饲粮营养水平的降低而显著降低(P<0.05);出生60 d,各组羔羊的组织器官重量差异不显著(P>0.05).4)出生20和60 d,随着妊娠后期母羊饲粮营养水平的降低,羔羊血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)含量显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著降低(P<0.01).妊娠后期通过精料补充料与饲草比例调控母羊饲粮营养水平时发现,低营养水平(低精料补充料比例)能够降低羔羊初生重,但经补偿生长作用,羔羊血清抗氧化能力得到提高,生长性能也得到恢复.     

不同NDF水平饲粮对羔羊生长性能、营养物质消化、消化道重量及瘤胃乳头发育的影响

本试验旨在研究不同中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平饲粮对羔羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、消化道重量及瘤胃乳头发育的影响。选用60只体况良好,体重为（3.23±0.20）kg的初生母羔羊,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复3只羊。试验羔羊于10日龄补饲开食料,开食料NDF水平分别为12%（12NDF组）、16%（16NDF组）、20%（20NDF组）和24%（24NDF组）的饲粮。试验期60 d,饲养试验所有羔羊均随母哺乳,消化试验所有羔羊不随母哺乳。结果显示：1）随着日龄的增加,羔羊的体重极显著增加（P<0.01）;各日龄阶段日增重均差异不显著（P>0.05）;随日龄的增加,羔羊干物质采食量（DMI）极显著增加（P<0.01）,饲喂不同NDF水平饲粮,各组羔羊DMI差异不显著（P>0.05）。2）24NDF组羔羊干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）采食量和总能（GE）摄入量显著高于16NDF、20NDF组（P<0.05）。24NDF组羔羊粗蛋白（CP）采食量显著高于20NDF组（P<0.05）;24NDF组羔羊中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）采食量极显著高于20NDF组（P<0.01）,20NDF组极显著高于16NDF、12NDF组（P<0.01）;24NDF组羔羊DM、OM表观消化率显著低于12NDF、16NDF组（P<0.05）,24NDF组GE表观消化率显著低于16NDF组（P<0.05）,但20NDF、24NDF组NDF、ADF表观消化率显著或极显著高于12NDF组（P<0.05或P<0.01）;24NDF组羔羊粪能显著高于12NDF、16NDF和24NDF组（P<0.05）。各试验组CP表观消化率和消化能差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）12NDF组羔羊全胃重显著高于16NDF、20NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊瘤胃重显著高于20NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊瘤胃占宰前活重的比例显著高于16NDF、20NDF和24NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊十二指肠重及十二指肠占宰前活重的比例显著高于16NDF组（P<0.05）。其余各指标均差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述,母羔羊在0~60日龄最适的NDF水平为16%~20%。     

Feeding forage mixtures of alfalfa hay and maize stover optimizes growth performance and carcass characteristics of lambs

A feeding experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different proportions of alfalfa hay and maize stover on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of fattening lambs. Forty‐two healthy 3.5‐month‐old male Small‐tail Han lambs of 23.89 ± 0.38 kg body mass were assigned to seven groups, which were fed mixed diets composed of maize stover and alfalfa hay containing 0%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 100% maize stover on a dry matter (DM) basis. Each lamb received 1.5 kg DM of forage mixture three times daily and supplementary concentrate (0.5 kg corn per lamb per day) for 60 days. Compared with the control forage diet of maize stover only, forage intake rate and forage conversion rate on the 40% maize stover/60% alfalfa hay mixture were 30% and 5% higher, respectively. Body weight, dressing percentage and net income were 6.7 kg, 8% and 94.37 Yuan higher per lamb, respectively. Thus, feeding lambs with a forage mixture of maize stover and alfalfa hay in a ratio of 40:60 optimized the production performance, slaughter performance, and the income derived from lambs.     

非繁殖季节光照控制诱导羔羊初情期试验研究

本试验选取24只健康、体重相近的6月龄蒙古羊母羔羊,随机分成试验组和对照组,在非繁殖季节对试验组羔羊进行先长（16L∶8D）后短（8L∶16D）的光照处理,旨在更好的了解光照控制对羔羊初情期到来的影响。试验结果表明,试验组在开始阶段的15 d体增重显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,其它阶段试验组和对照组体增重差异均不显著（P>0.05）;试验组羔羊的发情率（91.7%）明显高于对照组（16.7%）。 试验组羔羊发情羊平均排卵数为1.2枚,高于对照组。光照控制可使羔羊在非繁殖季节发情排卵。     

饲粮精料水平和蛋氨酸铬添加剂量对舍饲滩羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和脂肪沉积的影响

本试验旨在探究饲粮精料水平和蛋氨酸铬(Cr-Met)添加剂量对舍饲滩羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和脂肪沉积的影响。采用2×3双因素试验设计,2个因素分别为饲粮精料水平和Cr-Met添加剂量,其中饲粮精料水平分别设为35%(低精料饲粮,饲粮精粗比为35∶65)和55%(高精料饲粮,饲粮精粗比为55∶45),Cr-Met添加剂量分别设为0、0.75和1.50 g/(d·只)。将60只雄性滩羊羔羊[平均体重为(21±1)kg]随机分配到6个试验组,每组10只。试验期为80 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期65 d。结果显示:1)与低精料饲粮组相比,高精料饲粮组滩羊的平均日增重、屠宰率、背膘厚度、肌内脂肪含量和后腿肉比重显著增加(P<0.05),但料重比与肌肉蒸煮损失、剪切力、pH、亮度(L*)值、红度(a*)值和黄度(b*)值则显著降低(P<0.05)。2)低精料饲粮组滩羊背膘厚度、皮下脂肪厚度、肌内脂肪含量和后腿肉比重随Cr-Met添加剂量的增加而线性降低(P<0.05),但肌肉pH则线性升高(P<0.05)。3)高精料饲粮组滩羊肋肉比重、腰肉比重以及肌肉剪切力和pH随Cr-Met添加剂量的增加而线性升高(P<0.05),而肌内脂肪含量和肌肉a*值则线性降低(P<0.05)。综合本试验测定指标,建议在滩羊养殖中选择精粗比为55∶45的高精料饲粮,Cr-Met的适宜添加剂量为1.50 g/(d·只),且不建议在精粗比为35∶65的低精料饲粮中添加Cr-Met。     

半胱胺对藏绵羊羔羊初生重及断奶重的影响

试验研究了半胱胺（Cs）对藏绵羊羔羊初生重及断奶重的影响。将20只妊娠（125±5）d的母羊随机分为2组（试验组和对照组）,在试验组日粮精料中添加300 mg/（kg·BW）的Cs,隔日添加1次,试验期90 d。于分娩后及时将初生羔羊称重,哺乳2个月强制断奶并称重。试验结果表明,试验组精料中添加Cs使藏绵羊羔羊初生重提高8.33%,2月龄断奶重提高13.73%。     

High mineral and vitamin E intake by pregnant ewes lowers colostral immunoglobulin G absorption by the lamb

A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 78 mature ewes was used to evaluate the effects of supplementing the pregnant ewe's diet with high levels of minerals and vitamin E on immunoglobulin G (IgG) absorption by the lamb and whether any altered efficacy of IgG absorption was due to the colostrum or to the lamb. The ewes were estrus-synchronized in October and housed in wk 10 of gestation. In the final 7 wk of gestation, a grass silage-based diet, offered ad libitum, was supplemented with 500 g of a 19% CP concentrate, and from 1 wk later until lambing, half the ewes was offered 48 g of a mineral/vitamin supplement containing 6.5 g of Ca, 4.9 g of P, 5.9 g of Mg, 4.0 g of Na, 790 mg of Zn, 3.5 mg of Se, 40 mg of I, 200 mg of Mn, 20 mg of Co, and 40 IU of vitamin E. At birth, the lambs were allocated to one of four treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with lamb origin and colostrum origin as the two factors. The lambs born to ewes not offered the mineral supplement were fed colostrum obtained from their own dams or from ewes in the mineral-supplemented treatment, whereas lambs born to ewes given supplemental minerals were fed colostrum obtained either from their dams or from ewes in the control treatment. The ewes were milked at 1, 10, and 18 h postpartum and the lambs were fed using a stomach tube. A 5-mL blood sample was taken from each lamb at 24 h postpartum for IgG analysis. The level of fecal adhesion to the upper tail/rump area of the lamb was subjectively scored at 72 h postpartum. There was no difference in gestation length, lamb birth weight, colostrum yield, or IgG production (P = 0.16 to 0.82). When ewes were fed supplemental minerals, the serum IgG content of the progeny was lower than in their control counterparts (6.8 vs. 16.1 g/L; P < 0.001), regardless of whether the lamb received colostrum from ewes with or without access to supplementary minerals. The difference in serum IgG concentrations at 24 h postpartum was a direct reflection of a compromised efficiency in IgG absorption. The progeny of ewes with access to minerals had higher (P < 0.05) levels of fecal adhesion, which was not related to the origin of the colostrum, indicating altered digestive function in these lambs. We conclude, using the sheep as a model, that high mineral intakes in late pregnancy not only lower serum IgG concentrations in the lamb, but also that high mineral intakes result in the neonate being preprogrammed at birth so that it is born with a compromised ability to absorb colostral IgG.     

Effects of Drinking Magnetized Water on the Growth Performance,Digestion Metabolism and Slaughter Performance of lamb

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of magnetized water on the growth performance, digestion metabolism and slaughter performance of lamb.12 weaned male lambs with average body weight of 5.57 kg±0.36 kg were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, 6 lambs in each group.2 groups were provided with the same basal diet while lambs in experiment group were given with magnetized water (MW), and that in control group were given with normal water.The digestion metabolism experiments were carried out at 95-110 days and 215-230 days, respectively, and the slaughter performance of lamb was determined at 240 day to study the effects of drinking MW on the growth performance, digestion metabolism and slaughter performance of lamb.The results showed that in the earlier phase, comparing with control group, dry matter voluntary intake and the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, cellulose, hemi-cellulose, calcium and phosphorous of lambs in MW group at 95-110 days were increased by 25.5% (P>0.05), 15.2% (P>0.05), 14.4% (P<0.05), 13.5% (P<0.05), 66.3% (P<0.05), 52.3% (P>0.05), 16.4% (P<0.05)and 1.3% (P>0.05), respectively.In the later phase, that of MW group were increased by 15.3% (P>0.05), 9.0% (P<0.05), 8.8% (P<0.05), 7.7% (P<0.05), 20.6% (P<0.05), 33.5% (P<0.05), 9.8% (P<0.05) and 14.5% (P<0.05), respectively.During 20-220 days, the average daily body weight gain of lambs in WM group was increased by 40.8% (P<0.01)and the live body weight, carcass weight, carcass net meat percentage, carcass lean weight were increased by 40.8% (P<0.01), 52.3% (P<0.01), 8.8% (P<0.01) and 66.2% (P<0.01), respectively.In conclusion, the digestibility of nutrient and daily body weight gain of lamb could be increased and the slaughter performance of lamb be improved to a certain degree by drinking MW.     

饮用磁化水对羔羊生长性能、消化代谢和屠宰性能的影响

试验旨在研究饮用磁化水对羔羊生长、消化代谢和屠宰性能的影响。选择12只20日龄、平均体重(5.57±0.36)kg的断奶小尾寒羊公羔,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组6只。在自由采食相同日粮条件下,试验组饮用磁化水,对照组饮用普通水。在95~110(试验前期)和215~230日龄(试验后期)分别进行消化代谢试验,并在240日龄进行屠宰性能测定。结果表明,在试验前期,磁化水组羔羊的干物质自由采食量,干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、纤维素、半纤维素、钙、磷的表观消化率较对照组分别提高25.5%(P>0.05)、15.2%(P>0.05)、14.4%(P<0.05)、13.5%(P<0.05)、66.3%(P<0.05)、52.3%(P>0.05)、16.4%(P<0.05)和1.3%(P>0.05);在试验后期,分别提高15.3%(P>0.05)、9.0%(P<0.05)、8.8%(P<0.05)、7.7%(P<0.05)、20.6%(P<0.05)、33.5%(P<0.05)、9.8%(P<0.05)和14.5%(P<0.05)。在20~240日龄期间,磁化水组羔羊平均日增重较对照组提高40.8%(P<0.01)。磁化水组羔羊的屠宰活体重、胴体重、胴体净肉率、胴体瘦肉重比对照组分别提高40.8%(P<0.01)、52.3%(P<0.01)、8.8%(P<0.01)和66.2%(P<0.01)。综上所述,饮用磁化水可在一定程度上提高羔羊日粮表观消化率和日增重,改善羔羊的屠宰性能。     

Growth performance and meat characteristics of hair lambs grazing stargrass pasture without supplementation or supplemented with concentrate containing different levels of crude protein

Abstract

Forty crossbreed hair lambs (19.1 kg body weight; 8 months of age) grazing on a Cynodon plestoctachyus pasture without supplementation or supplemented with 300 g of concentrate containing different levels of crude protein (CP) were randomly assigned to treatments defined as follows: control (without supplementation); CP130 (concentrate 130 g CP/kg), CP150 (concentrate 150 g/kg), CP170 (concentrate 170 g/kg), and CP190 (concentrate 190 g CP/kg). Lambs fed supplements had higher final body weight (BW), total gain, average daily gain (ADG), total dry matter intake (DMI), total tract digestion, and carcass dressing than lambs in control treatment. Final BW, total gain, ADG, total DMI, feed conversion, and total tract digestion were improved linearly as protein level in concentrate increased. Meat of lambs fed supplements was lighter, redder, and less yellow than meat of lambs in control treatment. It is concluded that supplementation improved ADG, feed conversion, carcass dressing, and meat color.     

日粮粗蛋白质水平对杜寒杂交断奶羔羊生长性能、血清生化及免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究开食料的粗蛋白质含量对杜寒杂交断奶羔羊生长性能、血清生化及免疫指标的影响,探索出合适的日粮粗蛋白质水平.选用120日龄左右的杜泊羊(♂)×小尾寒羊(♀)杂交1代羔羊18只,随机分成3组,公、母各半,A、B、C组饲喂代谢能水平相近且粗蛋白质水平分别为10.40%、13.00%、15.70%的开食料.于试验开始的0、30、60 d晨饲前称量每只羔羊的体重、体斜长、体高和胸围,并静脉采血测定相关血清生化指标.结果表明,羔羊进食B组日粮,日增重达到248.67 g,高于A、C组;各组体高、体斜长和胸围差异不显著(P>0.05).3种日粮对羔羊血清中葡萄糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、总胆固醇(TCHO)含量及ALB/GLB均无显著影响(P>0.05);尿素氮(BUN)、甘油三酯(TG)含量受日粮粗蛋白质水平影响显著(P<0.05).150日龄时,B组羔羊血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)含量显著高于A、C组(P<0.05);180日龄时,B组血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著高于A、C组、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量显著高于A组(P<0.05),免疫能力较强.综上所述,断奶羔羊开食料的代谢能为10.50 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质水平为13.00%时,可满足羔羊生长发育的需要.