猪细小病毒重组酶聚合酶扩增快速检测方法的建立

试验旨在建立一种简单、快速检测猪细小病毒（porcine parvovirus,PPV）的重组酶聚合酶（recombinase polymerase amplification,RPA）检测方法,为中国PPV的防控和诊断提供一种新的、可靠的技术支持。本研究基于PPV VP2基因的保守序列,设计合成1对RPA引物探针,通过对反应时间的优化,建立38℃恒温水浴锅检测PPV的RPA方法。结果表明,所建立的RPA方法在38℃水浴锅中恒温反应30 min,能够特异性的检测PPV;以重组质粒pPPV-VP2作为模板,RPA的检测限为10²拷贝,同本研究中应用的实时荧光定量PCR方法检测限一致,比普通PCR方法高100倍;RPA方法对疑似PPV感染临床样品的阳性检出率为82.6%,略低于实时荧光定量PCR的检出率（86.9%）,明显高于普通PCR的阳性检出率（66.7%）。本研究建立的RPA方法操作简单、反应快速,结果确实可靠,适用于PPV的快速检测。     

Establishment of Real-time Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus

To develop a precise and rapid diagnosis method for detecting porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), a series of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) primers and exo-probes were established based on the highly conserved M gene of PEDV. Then a Real-time RPA assay was developed to detect PEDV using pUC57 plasmid carrying M gene fragment of PEDV as template, and the membrane or nucleotide capsid proteins from TGEV, PRRSV, PCV2 and CSFV were utilized as control. Then the sensitivity and specificity of this Real-time RPA assay was evaluated. The results showed that the Real-time reaction could detect PEDV specifically at 39℃ within 20 min with the detection limit of 10 copies/μL of plasmid DNA, and there was no cross-reaction with other control viral pathogens. Besides, the established Real-time PRA method could successfully detecte the PEDV M gene in the plasma and plasma protein power. The Real-time established in this study was simple, rapid and sensitive, which could be a novel and reliable method for diagnosing and control of PED.     

猪流行性腹泻病毒实时荧光RPA等温检测方法的建立

为建立一种简单、快速的猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）分子检测方法,本研究基于PEDV病毒M基因保守序列,设计一系列扩增引物及其荧光探针,以包含PEDV病毒M基因片段的pUC57质粒为模板,同时以包含猪传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV）、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）、猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）及古典猪瘟病毒（CSFV）等病毒膜蛋白或核衣壳蛋白基因序列的质粒作为对照,建立了一种PEDV实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增（RPA）等温检测方法,测定了方法的特异性与敏感性。结果表明,该实时荧光RPA方法可在39℃恒温反应20 min特异性扩增PEDV病毒M基因,与TGEV、PRRSV等对照病毒基因无交叉反应,其检测限为10拷贝/μL。应用该实时荧光RPA方法可有效检测出血浆及血浆蛋白粉中的PEDV核酸。本研究建立的实时荧光RPA检测方法简单、快速、灵敏度高,可为PEDV的检测防控提供一种新的、可靠的技术支持。     

Establishment and Application of LAMP Detection Method of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus

Since the 5'UTR gene (GenBank No.:AY278459.1) had 4 isolated regions,we designed a set of 4 LAMP primers to specifically recognize target gene sequences.This study developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for detecting BVDV,using the pyrophosphate magnesium white precipitate for Real-time detection in LAMP reaction process of turbidity instrument,Real-time monitor liquid turbidity to determine result.The whole reaction lasted only 50 minutes at a constructed temperature of 63 ℃ to evaluate specificity,sensibility and repeatability of the method.The result demonstrated that the LAMP assay could only react with BVDV,its specificity was high;It could detect at least 10^-6-fold diluted samples,which was 100 more sensitive than PCR assay;And repeatability was good.The simple,rapid,high siensitivity and specificity LAMP assay was a potential tool for the detection of BVDV in field conditions.     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒LAMP检测方法的建立与应用

针对牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV) 5'UTR基因(GenBank登录号:AY278459.1)序列设计4条特异性环介导等温扩增 (LAMP) 引物,特异性识别靶基因序列上4个独立区域,采用LAMP技术,利用实时浊度仪实时检测LAMP 反应过程中所产生的焦磷酸镁白色沉淀,实时监测反应液浊度来判断反应结果,实现对扩增反应全过程的监控,建立BVDV的LAMP快速检测方法。通过实时浊度仪在恒温63 ℃下50 min完成检测,对方法的特异性、灵敏度、重复性进行了评价。结果显示,经优化该方法只检测BVDV阳性,特异性强;病毒10^-6倍稀释时仍能被检测到,比PCR方法灵敏度至少高100倍;重复性良好。LAMP实时浊度法具有简单、快速、灵敏度高、特异性强的优势,为BVDV的临床检测提供了一种简单快速的试验手段。     

Establishment and Application of Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

This study was aimed to establish a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and provide a simple, sensitive, accurate and reliable tool for diagnosis of PEDV.The conservative PEDV N gene (GenBank accession number: KT799997) of PEDV was selected as a target to design six specific primers.The reaction system and temperature of LAMP were optimized, and the LAMP method for specific amplification of PEDV was established. Results showed that the PEDV LAMP detection method was established successfully, and it could detect PEDV specifically at 60℃ for 60 min,and the detection limit was 91 copies/μL, which was one hundred-fold higher than conventional RT-PCR method.75 clinical samples were detected by LAMP and PCR, respectively, the coincidence of LAMP and PCR was about 97.3%. All the data suggested that the LAMP assay had strong specificity, high sensitivity, simple operation, low equipment requirement, and was suitable for rapid detection of PEDV clinical samples.     

猪流行性腹泻病毒环介导等温扩增检测方法的建立及应用

试验旨在建立一种快速检测猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）的环介导等温扩增方法（LAMP）,为诊断PEDV提供简便、敏感、准确可靠的工具。参考GenBank中PEDV基因序列（登录号：KT799997）,针对PEDVN基因设计了6条引物,对所建立的LAMP反应体系、反应温度进行优化,建立可特异性扩增PEDV的LAMP方法。结果显示,本试验成功建立了PEDV LAMP检测方法,在60℃恒温下反应60 min,能特异性地检测PEDV,检测限量为91拷贝/μL,比常规PCR方法的敏感性高100倍。对比75份临床样本的LAMP和常规RT-PCR法检测结果,显示两种方法符合率为97.3%。综上所述,本试验建立的LAMP方法具有特异性强、敏感性高,操作简单,设备要求低的特点,适用于PEDV临床样本的快速检测。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒TaqMan-MGB实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法的建立及应用

为了快速、准确地检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRSV),本研究根据PRRSV基因序列设计特异性引物和探针,建立了一种可同时检测PRRSV经典毒株、高致病性变异毒株以及近几年中国新出现的NADC30-like毒株的TaqMan-MGB实时荧光定量方法,并对该方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性进行验证,同时用建立的实时荧光定量方法与常规PCR方法对临床收集的120份疑似PRRSV样品进行检测。结果表明,该方法特异性良好,对PRRSV的经典毒株、高致病性变异毒株及NADC30-like毒株均有良好的扩增,但对猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪轮状病毒(RV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的检测结果均为阴性,无交叉反应;模板浓度在101～108拷贝/μL范围内具有良好的线性关系,标准曲线结果显示其扩增的相关系数为0.9999,扩增效率为93%;敏感性高,约是常规PCR方法的100倍,最低可以检测到101拷贝/μL的模板;重复性好,批内和批间重复性试验变异系数分别为0.17%～0.90%和0.65%～2.34%;用本研究所建立的实时荧光定量检测方法对120份临床样品进行检测,PRRSV阳性检出率为59.2%(71/120),而常规PCR方法的PRRSV阳性检出率为44.2%(53/120)。该方法的建立为PRRSV的实验室诊断、流行病学调查,以及预防和控制中国PRRSV的流行提供了快速、准确的检测手段。     

非洲猪瘟病毒多基因家族成员MGF360-12L RPA检测方法的建立

为建立一种简便、快速的针对非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)多基因家族成员MGF360-12L的分子检测方法,基于MGF360-12L基因序列,设计并合成引物,建立重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)等温检测方法。结果表明,于35℃恒温反应30 min,即可实现对目的片段的稳定扩增;以含有MGF360-12L基因的重组质粒为模板,RPA反应的检测限达到10~3个拷贝,同普通PCR方法检测限一致;此外,该RPA方法仅特异性扩增非洲猪瘟病毒MGF360-12L基因,对PEDV、FMDV、CSFV、PRRSV、PRV 和 PCV-2基因组cDNA或DNA没有扩增。本研究建立的RPA方法操作简单、反应快速、检测成本低,能够为ASFV相关基因缺失毒株的鉴别诊断提供一定技术支持。     

检测鱼传染性造血器官坏死病毒重组酶聚合酶扩增方法的建立及初步应用

为建立鱼类传染性造血器官坏死病毒(IHNV)的快速检测方法,根据IHNV的G基因保守序列设计特异性引物,建立了基于重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)的IHNV检测方法。该方法在30℃20min即可完成,对IHNV具有良好的特异性和敏感性,最低检出限为156ng/mL;用建立的RPA和RT-PCR对实验室保存的50份样品进行检测,结果显示,RPA的阳性检出率为14.00%,RT-PCR的阳性检出率为12.00%,说明RPA比RT-PCR具有更高的灵敏度。建立的RPA方法为IHNV的实验室检测提供了更多选择。     

PDCoV与TGEV双重实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

试验旨在建立快捷、高效而准确的鉴别诊断猪德尔塔冠状病毒（Porcine deltacoronavirus,PDCoV）与传染性胃肠炎病毒（Transmissible gastroenteritis virus,TGEV）的双重实时荧光定量PCR方法。通过绘制双重实时荧光定量PCR的标准曲线,检验该方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性,并对临床样品进行检测。结果显示,双重实时荧光定量PCR方法的循环阈值与PDCoV和TGEV质粒拷贝数的对数之间存在良好的线性关系,且对应的相关系数分别为R_（P）²=0.9994和R_（T）²=0.996;能特异性地检测PDCoV和TGEV,而与PEDV、PRV、PRRSV、CSFV和RV无交叉反应,具有较强的特异性;检验PDCoV与TGEV质粒标准品的最低检测限度分别达到2和20拷贝/μL,且分别比常规RT-PCR高1 000和100倍,具有较高的敏感度;PDCoV与TGEV的批内和批间重复性检测的Ct均值基本相同,且变异系数（CV）均<2%,具有较好的重复性。用该方法对114份仔猪腹泻样品检测结果显示,PDCoV和TGEV的阳性率分别为5.6%（6/114）和8.8%（10/114）,混合感染检出率为4.6%（5/114）,比常规RT-PCR具有更高的检出率和敏感性。结果表明,本试验建立的双重实时荧光定量PCR方法具有特异性强、灵敏度高、重复性和稳定性好等优点,适用于病毒早期诊断和批量临床样品检测,为疾病防控、流行病学调查及相关性研究提供了技术支持及数据参考。     

伪狂犬病病毒野毒株与gE基因缺失疫苗株TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR鉴别方法的建立

为实现对伪狂犬病病毒（pseudorabies virus,PRV）野毒株与gE基因缺失疫苗株的快速、敏感、特异的鉴别诊断,本试验针对PRV gD和gE基因设计了2套特异性引物和TaqMan探针,建立了PRV野毒株与gE基因缺失疫苗株的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR鉴别方法,对引物和探针浓度、退火温度等进行了优化,对方法进行敏感性、特异性、重复性试验,并进行临床样品检测。结果显示,建立的针对gD、gE基因的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR方法线性相关系数（R²）分别为0.996和0.980,均呈良好的线性关系;检测限分别为39.4和12.1拷贝/μL;与圆环病毒2型、猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒均无交叉反应;重复性试验结果显示,针对gD基因的批内和批间变异系数分别为1.43%~1.86%、1.10%~2.07%,针对gE基因的批内和批间变异系数分别为0.98%~1.41%、1.12%~1.86%。应用建立的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR与普通PCR分别对11份临床疑似感染样品进行检测,阳性率分别为36.4%和27.3%。结果表明,该方法敏感性高、特异性强、重复性好,可作为伪狂犬病病毒野毒株与gE基因缺失疫苗株的早期鉴别诊断和定量检测的有效手段。     

Establishment of QuantStudioTM 3D Digital PCR Method for Detection of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1

The purpose of this study was to establish a highly sensitive 3D digital PCR (3D-dPCR) method for the detection of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1),which could accurately and quantitatively detect the samples with low EHV-1 content and realize the early diagnosis and prevention of equine rhinopneumonia.According to the conserved region of EHV-1 glycoprotein B gene,we designed specific primers and probes,optimized the concentration and annealing temperature of primers in the 3D-dPCR reaction system,analyzed the sensitivity,specificity and repeatability of this method,and established the 3D-dPCR method of EHV-1.In this study,the best concentration of primer and probe of 3D-dPCR was 0.4 and 0.4 μmol/L respectively,the best annealing temperature was 60 ℃,R² of the absolute quantitative curve of the method was 0.998,the linear relationship was good,the sensitivity was about 10 times higher than that of Real-time PCR,and the minimum detection limit was 5.83 copies/μL.There was no cross reaction with EHV-4,Theileria equi and the nucleic acid of equine arteritis.The results showed that the positive rate of 3D-dPCR was 66.7%,which was higher than that of Real-time PCR for EHV-1 in OIE (64.2%).The results of 3D-dPCR were consistent with those of Real-time PCR,and the sensitivity of 3D-dPCR to the samples with low virus content was higher,which could effectively detect suspicious samples.The results showed that the established 3D-dPCR method was more sensitive,specific and reproducible for the detection of clinical samples with low copy number,and could be used for the accurate and quantitative detection of EHV-1.     

单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌实时荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立

为建立单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,LM)的快速检测方法,本研究以LM iap基因为靶基因设计合成引物及TaqMan探针,建立实时荧光定量PCR快速检测LM的方法。结果显示,对15株试验菌株进行实时荧光定量PCR检测,只有LM菌株检测为阳性,表明该检测方法特异性强;该方法的灵敏度为6.5 CFU/mL;稳定性和重复性试验结果表明,同一样品重复检测4次Ct值的变异系数均小于2%;利用该检测方法对采集的139份样品进行检测,共计检出3份LM阳性样品,与国标法(GB 478930-2010)检测结果一致。该检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好,具有良好的实用性。     

Development of A Dual Real-time PCR for the Rapid Detection of Listeria monocytogenes

To establish a rapid assay for Listeria monocytogenes(LM) detection,a Real-time PCR method was developed targeting iap gene of LM.The results showed that the test for 15 bacteria strains,only LM was positive,indicated that the method had high specificity.In addition,the sensitivity of Real-time PCR was 6.5 CFU/mL.Stability and reproducibility of the test showed that the coefficient of variation for the same sample repeat the Ct values were less than 2%.Furthermore,a total of 3 positive samples for LM were detected from 139 clinical samples by the method,which was in accordance with the testing result by GB 478930-2010 standard detection protocol.Therefore,the Real-time PCR method provides a novel rapid,sensitive and good repeatability detection method for LM infection.     

非洲猪瘟病毒常规PCR及Real-time PCR检测方法的建立

根据非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)P72基因的核苷酸序列,设计并合成引物以及荧光标记的TaqMan探针,以含P72基因的重组质粒作为阳性模板,用于常规PCR和Real-time PCR方法的建立,结果表明常规PCR的检测灵敏度是600个拷贝的病毒核酸分子,Real-time PCR的检测灵敏度是20个拷贝的病毒核酸分子,两种PCR检测方法均具有特异性强、简单快速的优点。可以用于出入境检验检疫部门对非洲猪瘟病毒的快速检测。     

鹅新城疫病毒RT-LAMP可视化检测方法的建立

本研究拟建立一种能在基层实时、便捷诊断鹅新城疫病毒（goose Newcastle disease virus，GNDV）的检测方法。根据GenBank中公布的GNDV F基因的高度同源保守序列设计特异性引物，并在反应体系中添加钙黄绿素/氯化锰指示剂，建立可视化RT-LAMP检测方法。结果显示，建立的方法能特异地检测出GNDV及NDV Lasota疫苗株，而小鹅瘟病毒（GPV）、禽流感病毒（AIV）、鸭坦布苏病毒（DTMUV）等其他病毒均为阴性。所建立的GNDV可视化RT-LAMP检测方法对RNA的最低检测限为10 pg，反应过程不需PCR仪等复杂的仪器，50 min即可完成反应，可经肉眼观察反应体系颜色判定结果。该方法特异性强、灵敏度高，且操作安全、简便、快捷，可满足基层筛查GNDV的需求。     

化脓隐秘杆菌TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

本试验旨在建立检测化脓隐秘杆菌(Arcanobacterium pyogenes,A.pyogenes)特异、灵敏的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。根据GenBank公布的化脓隐秘杆菌溶血素(pyolysin,PLO)基因高保守序列,设计特异性引物和探针建立检测体系,用于化脓隐秘杆菌的快速检测,并对该方法的特异性和灵敏度进行检测。结果显示,本试验建立的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR方法仅对化脓隐秘杆菌的检测结果为阳性;该方法最低检测DNA浓度为77.6 fg,最低检测细菌浓度为63 CFU/mL。采用本研究建立的方法检测23份林麝临床病例样品,共鉴定出16株化脓隐秘杆菌,与API Coryne生化鉴定方法的结果相同。本研究为化脓隐秘杆菌的检测提供了一种灵敏、特异、快速的检测方法,其可用于化脓隐秘杆菌的诊断和流行病学调查。     

Establishment of TaqMan Real-time PCR Assay for Detection of Arcanobacterium pyogenes

The study was aimed to establish a specific and sensitive TaqMan Real-time PCR assay for detection of Arcanobacterium pyogenes (A.pyogenes).Based on the conservative sequence of pyolysin (PLO) gene of A.pyogenes published in GenBank, specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed. The TaqMan Real-time PCR assay was established, and the specificity and sensitivity were tested.The specificity test results showed that only A.pyogenes exhibited typical curves.The detection sensitivity of this assay was 77.6 fg genomic DNA per 20 μL reaction, and 63 CFU/mL for pure cultures.16 out of 23 clinical samples were positive detected by the TaqMan Real-time PCR assay, which were consistent with API Coryne identification.The TaqMan Real-time PCR assay developed in this study was specific and sensitive for detection of A.pyogenes, and it could be used for identification and epidemiological investigation of A.pyogenes.     

Development of Real-time Quantitative PCR Method for Rapid Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157∶H7

A Real-time quantitative PCR method was developed for the rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli （EHEC） O157∶H7 based on the primers and TaqMan probes which were designed for the conservative domain of rfbE gene of EHEC O157∶H7.The results showed that the sensitivity of Real-time PCR was 7.3 CFU/mL.20 from 310 samples of meat,egg,milk and its products,animal diarrhea materials and artificial contamination samples were positive detected by Real-time PCR assay,which was in accordance with the testing result according to AOAC standard.The results indicated that Real-time PCR assay was a sensitive,rapid and simple tool.