草莓果实蔗糖和己糖的代谢特性及其与糖积累的关系(英文)

以设施栽培的枥乙女草莓为试材,研究蔗糖代谢和己糖代谢关键酶在草莓果实糖积累进程中的作用。采集花后1～8周的果实,分别测定果实中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖的含量和蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)、蔗糖合酶(SS)、可溶性酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)、己糖激酶(HXK)及果糖激酶(FRK)等蔗糖和己糖代谢酶的活性。结果表明,草莓果实的总糖含量随果实发育持续积累,但蔗糖的快速积累对果实后期糖的积累贡献最大。在果实发育前期,草莓AI活性随果实发育而下降,但在果实发育后期,AI活力随果实成熟而急剧上升,这使果实最终以积累己糖为主。果实蔗糖快速积累期,合成蔗糖的酶SPS和SS(合成方向)的活性下降到较低水平,表明这2种酶对草莓后期果实蔗糖的快速积累贡献较少。果实发育后期较低的HXK和FRK活力有利于果实糖的快速积累。     

蔗糖代谢相关酶在卡因菠萝果实糖积累中的作用

以菠萝品种卡因为材料,测定了不同发育时期果实中蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖含量以及蔗糖代谢相关酶-酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)、蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)的活性,并对果实中糖积累与酶活性的关系进行了分析.结果表明,卡因果实的发育呈单"S型"曲线,在幼果期到果实迅速生长期,果糖和葡萄糖积累较多,蔗糖积累缓慢,此期蔗糖积累较少与高活性蔗糖转化酶有关;进入成熟期,果实中蔗糖迅速积累,而己糖略有上升,果实蔗糖的显著增加主要与SS和SPS活性有关.酸性转化酶和中性转化酶前期活性很强,后期降低;蔗糖合成酶(合成方向)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶的活性变化趋势相似,前期弱后期强.经过相关性分析:果实中蔗糖含量与SS和SPS活性存在极显著的正相关性(相关系数分别为r=0.97273**和r=-0.91004**),而与NI活性呈极显著负相关(r=-0.76419**),与AI的活性呈显著负相关(r=-0.60594*).     

根域限制对‘巨玫瑰’葡萄果实可溶性糖含量及相关代谢酶活性的影响

 以‘巨玫瑰’葡萄（Vitis vinifera L. × V. labrusca L.）为试材,从始熟期开始研究了根域限制栽培对果实可溶性糖积累及相关代谢酶活性的影响。结果表明：‘巨玫瑰’葡萄果实中主要以葡萄糖和果糖积累为主。从始熟期开始果实中的葡萄糖和果糖含量持续增加,与此同时,酸性转化酶（AI）的活性也随果实发育进程而逐步增强。AI活性与果实中含量最多的葡萄糖和果糖含量显著相关。中性转化酶（NI）和蔗糖合成酶（SS）的分解方向的活性只是在始熟期3周后开始增加,且活性低于AI。蔗糖合成酶（SS）的合成方向和蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）的活性在始熟期开始后稍有增加,此后保持平稳,且活性远远低于蔗糖分解相关酶AI、NI和SS的分解方向活性。根域限制栽培可以显著提高‘巨玫瑰’果实中可溶性糖的含量、糖积累期间的AI活性和成熟时的NI活性,但对其他酶活性影响不显著。由此推断AI是葡萄果实糖积累的最重要的调节因子,也是根域限制提高果实糖含量的关键代谢酶。     

Changes in sugar content and relative enzyme activity in grape berry in response to root restriction

Root restriction often depresses photosynthetic capacity and reduces shoot growth, but the photosynthate accumulation in fruit under restriction is higher than in control fruit. However, changes in metabolism responsible for these differences are unclear. To identify the metabolic mechanism by which root restriction affects sugar accumulation in fruit of ‘Kyoho’ grape (Vitis vinifera × V. labruscana), sugar metabolism and related enzyme activities in grape berries produced with and without root restriction were compared. Total sugar content of fruit produced under root restriction was higher than that of control fruit. Acid invertase (AI, EC 3.2.1.26) activity, which increases with berry development, was significantly higher in root-restricted berries than in control berries. Neutral invertase (NI, EC 3.2.1.26) activity showed a similar trend to AI, but the amount of NI activity was lower than AI in both treatments. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14) and sucrose synthase (SS, EC 2.4.1.13) activity changed slightly with berry development, and there was no significant difference in SS and SPS activity between root restriction and control treatments. Therefore, AI appears to be the key enzyme induced by root restriction that explains the higher sugar content found in grape berry produced under root restriction.     

甜瓜果实发育过程中糖积累与蔗糖代谢相关酶的关系

以伊丽莎白和乌引1号2个厚皮甜瓜品种为试材,测定了不同发育时期果实中的糖、淀粉含量以及蔗糖代谢相关酶—酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)的活性变化等,并对甜瓜果实糖积累的生理机制进行了系统分析。结果表明:(1)2个品种果实中糖积累动态十分相似,即成熟期之前,糖积累缓慢,特别是蔗糖几乎很少积累;进入成熟期,果实中蔗糖迅速积累,而单糖略有下降。(2)AI、NI的活性变化对2种甜瓜果实中糖的积累和构成具有重要影响,SS对2种甜瓜果实中糖积累的作用较小,SPS活性升高与成熟期伊丽莎白果实中蔗糖的积累相一致。(3)果实中糖的积累与淀粉含量变化无明显关系。     

Seasonal fluctuations of carbohydrate accumulation and metabolism of three tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars grown at seven sowing times

Summary

Seasonal fluctuations of carbohydrate composition and concentrations, and the activities of related enzymes of three domesticated tomato cultivars including two large (Lady First and Momotaro) and one cherry-fruited (Minicarol) cultivar were examined at 45 d interval with seven sowing times. Fruits picked in cool seasons (early winter to spring seasons) had higher sugar concentrations than those of warm seasons. Fructose and glucose in nearly equal amounts were the predominant sugar in all seasons. Sucrose was present in trace quantities, but cherry tomato cultivar ‘Minicarol’ accumulated more than the large fruited types. Acid invertase (AI) (EC 3.2.1.26) activity was highest during cool seasons at the red stage of ripening, while fruit matured during warm seasons (May to August) had lowest activity. The sucrose synthase (SuSy) (EC 2.4.1.13) showed significantly higher activity during cool seasons in rapidly growing fruits followed by very low activity in mature non-growing fruits. There were no significant differences in sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) (EC 2.4.1.14) activity. A highly significant positive correlation was found with sucrose accumulation in the case of SuSy but there was a negative correlation with AI activity and none with SPS. Therefore, in all growing seasons, AI and SuSy, rather than SPS could play a central role in regulating sugar accumulation in both large and cherry tomatoes. The result suggested planting season had no adverse effect on the trends of carbohydrate accumulation and metabolism in developing tomato cultivars, but in cool-season crops there is an improvement in fruit carbohydrate accmulation with more enhanced enzyme activities than in warm-season crops. These observations may help in selecting molecular genetic targets, and provide information for biotechnologists who wish to improve desired quality criteria of domesticated tomato genotypes.     

脐橙在不同生境下果实蔗糖代谢相关酶的研究

 研究了四川3 个生态型区5 个代表性果园中的脐橙果实蔗糖合成酶(SS) 和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS) 的活性变化及其与果实糖积累的关系。结果表明: SPS 是影响果实膨大期糖积累的重要酶, 而成熟期的关键酶则是SS 合成方向; 在不同生境下, 果实内SPS 和SS 分解方向活性差异不明显, 而SS 合成方向活性的差异则达到极显著水平, 说明虽然SS 分解方向和合成方向都通过调节果实库强而影响糖的运输和积累, 但SS 合成方向才是引起不同生境下脐橙果实含糖量差异的关键酶。     

Cloning,silencing, and prokaryotic expression of strawberry sucrose synthase gene FaSus1

The sucrose synthase (Sus) gene is regarded to be involved in strawberry fruit ripening; however, direct molecular and biochemical evidence is lacking. Here, the coding cDNA sequence of FaSus1 was cloned by RT-PCR and both a hairpin-mediated RNA interference pBI121 vector and a recombinant E. coli expression PET28a vector were constructed. These vectors were then used to transform strawberry fruit and for prokaryotic expression in strain BL21, respectively. The results showed that hairpin-mediated RNA silencing of FaSus1 led to a decrease in sucrose content and inhibited fruit ripening. Enzymatic activity analysis of FaSus1 showed that the reaction system contains 0.309 mg of recombinant FaSus1 protein, reaching 0.617 mg/mL. The cleavage activity of the enzyme was 0.25 U with a specific activity of 0.812 U/mg, whilst the synthetic activity of the enzyme was 0.057 U with a specific activity of 0.185 U/mg. This study provides physiological, molecular, and biochemical evidence to demonstrate that the FaSus1 has high sucrolysis activity and plays an important role in the regulation of strawberry fruit ripening.     

Molecular approaches for enhancing sweetness in fruits and vegetables

The quality of fruits and vegetables is mainly dependant on the sweetness determined by the level of soluble sugars such as glucose, fructose and sucrose. Other fruit quality parameters include Brix content, acidity, aroma, color, size and shape. Total sugar content in fruits and vegetables is a function of genetic, nutritional, environmental and developmental factors. Understanding the factors controlling sweetness is important to design strategies for enhancing quality of fruits and vegetables. Modifying the activity of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism such as sucrose synthase (SuSy), acid invertase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose transporters were found to influence carbohydrate partitioning and sucrose accumulation in sink tissues of several food crops. Plant based taste-modifying sweet proteins such as brazzein, cucurmin, mabinlin, monellin, miraculin, neoculin and thaumatin have potential application for developing transgenic plants to improve the sweetness and quality of fruits and vegetables. The present review envisages various cultural, breeding and molecular approaches used for enhancing sugar content and sweetness in fruits and vegetables.     

黄瓜叶面喷施硅肥对果实糖分和维生素C积累及相关酶的影响

研究了黄瓜叶面喷施硅肥对其生长、产量、果实糖分、维生素C及相关酶活性和基因表达量的影响。结果表明：叶面喷施硅肥显著促进了黄瓜生长,增加了单株产量,提高了果实中碱性转化酶（NI）、蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）、蔗糖合成酶（SS）及半乳糖内脂脱氢酶（GaILDH）活性,提高了果实果糖、葡萄糖和维生素C含量。其中,1.420 g · L^-1单硅酸处理效应最显著,其果糖、葡萄糖和维生素C含量分别较对照高13.79%、18.08%和75.11%。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,叶面喷施单硅酸的黄瓜果实碱性转化酶–3（NI-3）、蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）和半乳糖内脂脱氢酶（GaILDH）基因表达量显著提高。     

套袋对‘茌梨’果实蔗糖代谢及相关酶基因表达的影响

 研究了4种材质的果袋套袋处理对‘茌梨’（Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.‘Chili’）果实生长发育过程中可溶性糖含量及蔗糖代谢的影响。结果表明,果实中的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖及可溶性总糖含量均随着果实的发育进程而增加;不同材质果袋影响糖增加的程度不同,套黄蜡纸袋的糖增加最少;转化酶（Ivr）活性随着果实的发育而降低,套袋降低了花后75 ~ 90 d 和花后150 d 果实酸性转化酶（AI）活性,而对中性转化酶（NI）影响不明显;蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）活性随着果实的发育而增加,套袋处理不同程度上降低了SPS活性,以套黄蜡纸袋最为明显,其次是套白蜡纸袋和无纺布袋,套塑料膜袋的大部分测试点与对照差异不显著;随着果实的发育,果实中蔗糖合成酶合成活性（SSs）逐渐增加,蔗糖合成酶分解活性（SSc）逐渐下降,套袋对SSs活性影响在多数测定点差异不显著,但降低了果实发育后期SSc活性。蔗糖代谢相关酶基因AIV1、AIV2、SPS1和SUS1表达的实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,套袋降低了AIV2的相对表达量,降低程度套无纺布袋大于套塑料膜袋;推迟了果实中SPS1的相对表达量最大值出现的时间,套塑料膜袋果的SPS1相对表达量在发育前期显著低于对照;影响了SUS1相对表达量的变化,整个发育过程未见套塑料膜袋果有SUS1相对表达量高峰出现,套黄蜡纸袋果的SUS1相对表达量最大值较对照提前15 d,之后显著低于对照。     

施氮量对葡萄幼苗叶片蔗糖和淀粉代谢的影响

以1年生"维多利亚"葡萄(Vitis vinifera L.cv.Victoria)幼苗为试材,采用温室盆栽试验,设置4个不同施氮量(按每盆纯氮计)处理(0 mg(CK)、150 mg(T1)、300 mg(T2)和450 mg(T3)),研究了氮肥施用量对葡萄幼苗叶片蔗糖和淀粉含量及其代谢相关酶活性的影响,以期揭示氮肥施用量对主要光合产物积累和代谢的影响。结果表明:施用氮肥能显著提高叶片蔗糖和淀粉含量,显著提高叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶合成方向(SSs)活性,各处理SPS活性大小为T2>T3>T1>CK,其中T2、T3处理显著高于CK、T1处理,施氮量对SSs活性影响不大;蔗糖合成酶降解方向(SSd)活性明显高于SSs活性,蔗糖合成酶净活力表现为降解蔗糖方向。酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)活性随时间均呈上升趋势,施氮能显著提高AI活性。不同量氮处理能显著提高淀粉磷酸化酶(SP)活性,施氮减缓α-淀粉酶(α-amy)活性的上升,T2处理增加β-淀粉酶(β-amy)和总淀粉酶活性。综上所述,施氮能增加葡萄叶片蔗糖和淀粉含量,提高蔗糖和淀粉代谢相关酶活性,促进葡萄幼苗碳水化合物的积累和代谢,其中T2处理效果较优。     

短期夜间亚低温及恢复对番茄光合作用和蔗糖代谢的影响

 为了明确番茄叶片光合作用及蔗糖代谢对夜间亚低温的响应机制,系统研究了9 ℃夜间亚低温及其恢复对番茄净光合速率、各器官干物质量、碳水化合物积累、蔗糖代谢酶活性的影响。结果表明：9 ℃夜间亚低温降低了番茄净光合速率和各器官的干物质量,增加了淀粉、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和总糖的含量;抑制了番茄中酸性转化酶（AI）、中性转化酶（NI）、蔗糖合成酶（SS）和蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）活性;夜间9 ℃亚低温处理6 d内,在15 ℃适温恢复9 d时番茄光合速率、各器官干物质量、淀粉、果糖、葡萄糖含量等均可恢复到对照水平,但处理9 d时再恢复9 d,光合速率、淀粉和果糖含量、SS活性均未能恢复到对照水平,特别是处理6 ~ 9 d时再恢复9 d,蔗糖、蔗糖合成酶（SS）和蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）活性均未恢复到对照水平,且亚低温处理时间越长恢复所需时间越长。从蔗糖和淀粉含量分别与净光合速率和SPS活性呈极显著负相关关系的结果看,夜间亚低温导致的净光合速率的降低可用“光合末端产物的反馈抑制”来解释,说明源叶中光合末端产物的积累可能是光合效率降低的直接原因之一。     

甜瓜果实蔗糖代谢酶提取液中2种去糖方法的比较

以甜瓜鲁厚甜1号开花当天的果实为试材,分别测定蔗糖代谢相关酶—酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)、蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)的活性。对酶提取液中干扰测定结果的可溶性糖采取2种方法进行去除(1)直接用SephadexG-25柱离心去糖;(2)酶提取液先经过硫酸铵沉淀,去糖,重新溶解后再用SephadexG-25柱脱盐。结果显示,方法2处理后AI和NI、SPS和SS的活性均高于方法1。这表明在研究甜瓜果实蔗糖代谢相关酶活性时,采用方法2处理酶提取液效果更好。     

Low night-temperatures affect the metabolism of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in melon (Cucumis melo L.) leaves during fruit expansion

Summary

This study served to reveal the effects and mechanism of low night-temperatures on the metabolism of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in melon (Cucumis melo L.) leaves. We investigated the carbohydrate contents and sugar-metabolising enzyme activities in leaves under normal (15°C; control) and two low night-temperature (12°C or 9°C) conditions during fruit expansion. The results showed that the greatest difference in carbohydrate metabolism occurred between 9°C at night and the 15°C control. Compared to the normal night temperature, total carbohydrate accumulation, in particular raffinose, increased and the ratio of raffinose to total carbohydrates exhibited the greatest increase in melon leaves treated at 9°C at night, while the ratio of sucrose to total carbohydrates declined at the end of the same treatment. These data suggested that 9°C at night played an important role in partitioning carbon from sucrose to raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO), and that raffinose may serve dual purposes in stress protection and carbon storage. Meanwhile, the activities of sugar-metabolising enzymes were notably affected by 9°C at night. Sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and, in particular, galactinol and stachyose synthase activities decreased markedly, while acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) activities increased sharply, which restricted sucrose and RFO synthesis. Overall, these data suggest that the decline in stachyose and galactinol synthase activities were the main limiting factor for RFO synthesis in melon leaves at 9°C at night. They also indicated that the reduction in stachyose metabolism may be an important factor during the development of unmarketable fruit.     

Acid invertase as a serious candidate to control the balance sucrose versus (glucose + fructose) of banana fruit during ripening

Six banana varieties: 3 ‘dessert’ ones: ‘IDN 110’; ‘Kirun’; and ‘Grande Naine’, and 3 ‘cooking’ ones: ‘Galéo’; ‘Sowmuk’; and ‘French’ were used to investigate the relationship between sugar profiles and activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14), sucrose synthase (SuSy, EC 2.4.1.13) working in the hydrolytic way, invertases (EC 3.2.1.26) (neutral (NIV) and acid (AIV)). Expression of a Musa cell-wall invertase (MaCwINV1/pBANUU103) gene was additionally studied during fruit development and ripening ex planta after ethylene treatment of two of these varieties. Close amounts of soluble sugars (sucrose + glucose + fructose) were measured in the different varieties at ripe stage. SPS activity was either almost constant or increased continuously or transitorily during ripening of all varieties, concomitantly to total soluble sugar (sucrose + glucose + fructose) accumulation. Together with previous data obtained from ‘Cavendish’, our data lead us, (i) to strengthen the hypothesis that this enzyme is likely to have a major role in the synthesis of sucrose during ripening of banana and (ii) to underline the complexity of the mode of SPS activity regulation already pointed out. Interestingly, for the first time in banana, two diploid and cooking varieties: ‘Galéo’ and ‘Sowmuk’ were found almost sucrose-free, in good agreement with a 6.4-fold higher mostly vacuolar AIV activity than that of the two desserts and diploid ones. Otherwise, expression of a MaCwINV1/pBANUU103 (cell wall) gene was followed in the two most contrasted varieties in matter of sucrose content: ‘Sowmuk’ almost sucrose-free, and ‘IDN 110’ accumulating high level of sucrose. Compared to ‘IDN110’, the mRNA level of MaCwINV1/pBANUU103 gene was higher (up to 173-fold) in ‘Sowmuk’ concomitantly with the low level of sucrose of ‘Sowmuk’. Our data let us to conclude that the AIV is probably one of the main determinants involved in the regulation of sucrose level during banana fruit ripening, even if the form, vacuolar or cell wall-linked is not determined yet. Otherwise, the MaCwINV1/pBANUU103 gene appears as a putative candidate gene that could contribute to regulate this level.     

设施栽培中‘春捷’桃糖积累与相关酶活性的变化

 以设施栽培中‘春捷’桃为试材, 研究了其果实发育过程中糖积累与蔗糖代谢相关酶- 酸性转化酶(A I) 、中性转化酶(N I) 、蔗糖合成酶( SS) 及蔗糖磷酸合成酶( SPS) 活性的关系。结果表明:果实发育早期, 果实中的可溶性糖主要是还原糖; 中后期, 还原糖维持在相对较低的水平, 非还原糖大量积累。在整个发育过程中, 蔗糖持续积累, 尤其在成熟期急剧增加, 而果糖和葡萄糖含量在果实发育前期呈下降趋势, 中后期维持在一个相对较低的水平。A I、N I在果实发育前期活性最强, 之后迅速下降, 中后期维持在较低水平; SS在果实发育前期分解方向活性很强, 后期以合成方向为主, 并在果实成熟期保持较高水平; 在果实发育过程中SPS活性呈上升趋势, 但上升幅度较小。葡萄糖含量与A I、N I、SS-h活性显著正相关; 果糖含量与A I、SS-h显著正相关; 蔗糖含量与SS-s活性显著正相关, 与SPS不相关。     

蔗糖磷酸合成酶与香蕉果实成熟、衰老的关系

 研究了正常成熟、成熟抑制和促进成熟处理的香蕉果实蔗糖磷酸合成酶( SPS) 与呼吸速率、硬度及蔗糖形成的关系。结果表明: (1) 使用乙烯吸收剂不仅极显著抑制了呼吸速率、果实软化和蔗糖的积累(P < 0.01) , 同时抑制了SPS的活性, 与正常成熟果实相比, 其SPS活性高峰延迟3 d出现, 酶活性明显降低。(2) 丙烯处理不仅使SPS活性高峰比对照提前9 d出现, 而且促进了呼吸速率的提高, 加速了硬度的下降和蔗糖的积累。表明SPS与香蕉果实的成熟、衰老和糖的积累及果实软化等有密切的关系。     

牡丹开花和衰老期间花瓣糖代谢的研究

 以牡丹( Paeonia suffruticosa) 品种‘洛阳红’和‘胡红’为材料, 研究了花开放和衰老过程中花瓣可溶性糖及其代谢相关酶活性的变化。结果表明: 伴随花瓣的迅速生长展开, 总可溶性糖呈现迅速增加的趋势, 特别是己糖(葡萄糖和果糖) 含量显著增加, 盛开后己糖水平达到最高, 而蔗糖含量呈现逐渐下降的变化。己糖和蔗糖降解指数(SDI) 与花枝质量呈现极显著的正相关; 花瓣酸性转化酶活性维持较高水平, 开花过程中活性逐渐升高, 开放后逐渐下降。经主成分回归分析, 可溶性糖的代谢依赖于酸性转化酶、中性转化酶、蔗糖合成酶和蔗糖磷酸合成酶的共同作用。结果提示, 牡丹花瓣中己糖的积累在花开放和衰老过程中起着重要作用。     

糖代谢相关酶和GA_3、ABA在嫁接伽师瓜果实糖分积累中的作用

在不同发育时期测定了嫁接伽师瓜果实中蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖含量以及蔗糖代谢相关酶———酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)、蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)的活性,并对果实中糖积累与酶活性和激素含量的关系进行了分析。结果表明:蔗糖代谢相关酶和激素的综合作用是影响果实糖积累的重要因子之一;嫁接伽师瓜间果实发育过程中蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和糖代谢酶活性变化趋势基本一致。在果实发育早期,果实中以分解酶为主,糖分积累少;发育后期以合成酶为主,糖分积累多。嫁接伽师瓜果实糖分含量与同期自根伽师瓜相比明显减少;但嫁接伽师瓜植株生育期比自根伽师瓜延迟20-28d,果实生育期延迟15-18d,此时嫁接伽师瓜果实糖分含量明显高于自根伽师瓜。嫁接伽师瓜果实中ABA和GA3含量的变化明显滞后于自根伽师瓜,砧木可能通过影响果实糖代谢相关酶活性和激素含量来影响果实中糖分积累。