人c-myc乳腺定位表达转基因小鼠的建立

以含有 1.6 kb的小鼠乳清酸蛋白 (WAP)上游调序列的 p CAT- WAP和含有人 c- myc c DNA的 p WM为原始质粒 ,构建了 WAP启动子调控下的 c- myc乳腺定位表达载体 p WCS。载体用 Bgl Bam H 酶切 ,回收 3.5 kb的基因片段 WAP- c- myc- SV40 Poly A,通过显微注射方法导入 C5 7BL/ 6 J× DBA/ 2 JF1 代小鼠受精卵的雄原核内。共注射10 0 0枚卵 ,将存活的约 6 0 0枚卵分别移植至 2 9只假孕母鼠输卵管内 ,获得仔鼠 45只。PCR检测 ,阳性鼠 9只 ,South-ern blot检测 ,阳性鼠 3只 ,其中 1只母鼠 ,2只公鼠 ,在饲养过程中 ,1只母鼠意外死亡。对 2只转基因公鼠的 F1代PCR检测表明 ,仅 1只公鼠具有遗传性 ,在所生的 2 7只 F1代小鼠中有 13只为 PCR阳性。     

人Bcl-2乳腺定位表达转基因小鼠的建立

以 p CAT、p WB和 p WC为原始质粒 ,构建 WAP启动子调控的 Bcl- 2乳腺组织特异性表达载体 p WBS。载体用Bgl +Sal +Pvu 酶切 ,回收 3.0 kb的基因片段 WAP- Bcl- 2 - SV40 Poly A,通过显微注射方法导入 C5 7BL / 6 J×DBA/ 2 JF1代小鼠受精卵的雄原核内。共注射 10 0 0枚卵 ,将存活的约 6 0 0枚卵分别移植至 2 9只假孕母鼠输卵管内 ,获得仔鼠 5 5只。PCR检测 ,阳性鼠 12只。Southern blot检测 ,阳性鼠 4只 ,其中公、母鼠各 2只 ,在饲养过程中 ,2只公鼠均意外死亡。Western blot证实 ,1只母鼠 Bcl- 2表达阳性 ,其 F1代的 40只小鼠中 ,有 18只呈 PCR阳性 ,其中母鼠8只 ,在 5个月的反复怀孕过程中 ,未观察到乳房有任何肿瘤或肿块的出现 ,证实 Bcl- 2单独在转基因鼠乳腺中表达不会引起转基因鼠乳腺癌的发生。     

显微注射生产转人胰岛素原基因奶山羊

将构建的绵羊β－乳球蛋白基因（BLG）调控人胰岛素原基因的重组基因通过显微注射生产转基因奶山羊。同期化超排处理供体奶山羊15只，排卵262枚，回收卵221枚，移植206枚注射卵，移植受体68只，怀孕21只（妊娠率33％，其中成年母羊妊娠率为58．62％，周岁母羊为9．4％），产羔33只，其中母羊羔8只，公羔25只。经PCR检测及酶切分析，证明有5只为阳性，阳性整合率15．15％，但5只全为雄性。     

缺失糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚的Doppel 转基因小鼠的构建

将缺失糖基磷脂酰肌醇（glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol,GPI）的Doppel的质粒（pDoppel 1-155）,用Not Ⅰ酶切,回收并纯化目的基因片段,通过显微注射,导入BALB/c小鼠受精卵的雄原核内,结果32只仔鼠出生,其中有6只PCR检测阳性。将其中1只F0代小鼠与正常小鼠交配,共获得21只F1代小鼠,经PCR检测,有10只仔鼠为阳性。对2只F1代PCR阳性小鼠脑组织进行RT-PCR检测,其中1只为阳性。采集3只F1代PCR阳性小鼠脑组织进行Western blotting检测,在小鼠脑组织能够表达17 ku的Doppel 1-155蛋白。本研究为进一步深入研究Doppel蛋白在体内的生物学特性提供了转基因动物模型。     

Tet-on系统诱导表达c-myc转基因小鼠的建立

从Heta细胞RNA中通过RT-PCR扩增出c-myc基因的cDNA,将c-myc cDNA克隆入Tet-on系统的反应元件pTRE2载体,与含有Tet-on系统的调控元件pBC-rtTA基因混合显微注射到FVB小鼠受精卵的雄原核中,共注射603枚卵,将注射后存活的263枚卵移植到21只假孕母鼠输卵管内,有17只怀孕,共产仔59只.PCR和Southern blotting检测有2只双基因阳性公鼠和1只c-myc单基因阳性公鼠.3只公鼠的F1代PCR检测表明,其携带的c-myc外源基因均具有遗传性.     

人红细胞生成素转基因小鼠乳腺生物反应器的建立

将 ２．４ ｋｂ 的人红细胞生成素（ｈ Ｅ Ｐ Ｏ）基因组基因（ｇ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ）ｍ ｉｎｉｇｅｎｅ 克隆于 ０．９７７ ｋｂ 大鼠乳清酸蛋白（ Ｗ Ａ Ｐ）５′调控序列下游和 ０．８５ ｋｂ Ｗ Ａ Ｐ３′侧翼序列上游,构建了 ｈ Ｅ Ｐ Ｏ 乳腺定位表达载体 ｐ Ｗ Ａ Ｐ Ｅ Ｐ Ｏ Ｗ Ａ Ｐ３′ Ｕ Ｔ Ｒ（ｐ Ｗ Ｅ３′）。载体经 Ｓａｃ Ｉ Ｉ酶切、回收并纯化后作为目的基因,通过显微注射方法导入小鼠受精卵的雄原核,共注射 ５００ 枚卵,移植 ３００ 枚卵至 ２９ 只假孕母鼠输卵管内,获得仔鼠 ５５ 只。采取鼠尾,提取基因组。经 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 检测,阳性鼠 ２２ 只; Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ 检测,阳性鼠 １６ 只,其中 ９ 只母鼠,７ 只公鼠。将 １６ 只首建者小鼠分别与非转基因鼠交配,共获得 Ｆ１ 代仔鼠 １５７ 只。应用 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 方法对 Ｆ１ 代小鼠进行检测,结果首建者１ 号母鼠所生的 ６ 只仔鼠中有 ３ 只为阳性。与此同时,于 ９ 只雌性首建者分娩后第 １０ 天采奶,应用 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 方法对乳汁中的 Ｅ Ｐ Ｏ 进行检测,结果 ６ 只母鼠获得表达,表达量为 ０．１２～１．５９ μｇ／ Ｌ。     

牛BLG／tPA和牛as1酪蛋白／tPA基因在家兔乳腺中的暂时表达

为鉴定和筛选用于制备tPA转基因动物乳腺生物反应器的高效表达载体，试验分别以1.1kb牛b-乳球蛋白（BLG）基因，1．0kb牛asl酪蛋白基因5'端侧翼调控序列与1．7kb经过改造的人组织纤溶酶原激活剂（tPA)cDNA融合，构建了pBLG-PA2和pasl-PA22个乳腺定位表达载体。载体经酶切鉴定正确后，用脂质体包裹，并用毛细玻璃管经乳头管导入妊娠中后期的家兔乳腺，进行暂时表达。分别于家兔分娩后1－15d采奶，采用琼脂糖平板溶圈法测定乳汁中tPA的含量和活性。结果2个载体均获得表达，且pBLG-PA2表达水平高于pasl-PA2。pBLG-PA2和pasl-PA2在家兔乳汁中的含量分别为200－850μg/Lt 50-250μg/L。     

猪干扰素-γ哺乳动物细胞重组表达质粒作为疫苗佐剂在小鼠体内的组织分布及环境安全性研究

重组表达质粒作为免疫佐剂从实验室走向临床必须解决其对机体和生物环境释放的安全性问题。本研究以pcDNA3．1／IFN-γ重组表达质粒作为免疫佐剂进行试验,探讨了其在小鼠体内组织的分布和生物安全性。将pcDNA3．1／IFN-γ重组表达质粒经肌肉途径免疫小鼠,免疫后不同时间迫杀,并取各种组织抽提基因组DNA：一是利用PCR技术检测其在组织内的分布及与细胞基因组发生整合的可能性;二是以PCR技术检测免疫动物现场环境样品,监测pcDNA3．1／IFN-γ重组表达质粒中的猪IFN-γ基因、CMV启动子基因和抗性基因是否转移和扩散到环境细菌中。结果表明,免疫24h后在小鼠的各组织中仅注射部位肌肉存在重组表达质粒,免疫5d后仅有1只小鼠注射部位肌肉和血液中存在重组表达质粒,免疫15d后所有动物的各组织中无重组表达质粒存在;同时未发现pcDNA3．1／IFN-γ重组表达质粒整合到宿主细胞基因组和转化到环境其他细菌中。因此,认为pcDNA3．1／IFN-γ重组表达质粒对动物和环境是安全的。     

人白细胞抗原-B27(HLA-B27)转基因小鼠的建立

人白细胞抗原 -B2 7( HLA-B2 7)与强直性脊柱炎 ( AS)有强相关性 ,为构建 AS动物模型以用于其发病机理和治疗的研究 ,将 HLA-B2 7基因与 β2 -微球蛋白基因等量混合后 ,利用显微注射技术注入昆明小鼠的1 3 70枚受精卵中 ,再将注射后存活的 1 0 50枚卵移植到 58只假孕母鼠体内 ,产仔 97只。PCR检测上述 97只转基因仔鼠 ,结果 2 7只为阳性。Southern blotting检测上述 2 7份 PCR阳性小鼠的基因组 ,结果 8只为阳性 ,表明已成功地建立了 HLA-B2 7转基因小鼠     

猪囊尾蚴DNA疫苗pVAX1/TSOL18的安全性评估

目的探讨pVAX1/TSOL18重组表达质粒作为DNA疫苗在小鼠体内的组织分布和生物安全性。方法将pVAX1/TSOL18重组质粒经肌肉注射免疫昆明系小鼠,免疫后在不同时间剖杀小鼠,分别采集心、肝、脾等组织样品,抽提gDNA,利用PCR技术分析pVAX1/TSOL18在组织内的分布及残留时间。同时,以PCR技术检测免疫动物粪便,分析pVAX1/TSOL18重组表达质粒在外界环境中的释放情况。结果免疫pVAX1/TSOL18重组表达质粒后1 d和5 d,在小鼠组织gDNA均扩增出目的片段,不同个体小鼠,扩增出目的片段的组织也不完全相同,但在血液中均扩增出了目的片段,d5较d1扩增出的目的片段明显变暗。免疫后15 d,仅在一只小鼠的血液中检测到TSOL18基因;免疫后30 d在所有动物组织中均未检测到重组表达质粒。同时,免疫1 d、5 d小鼠的粪便中均未检测到TSOL18基因。结论pVAX1/TSOL18重组表达质粒作为疫苗对动物和环境是安全的。     

鸡lncRNA-MSTRG.15568.9及其预测靶基因的表达

试验旨在了解在鸡睾丸中高表达的1个长链非编码RNA （long non-coding RNA,lncRNA）及其预测靶基因的时空表达规律,研究二者在鸡弱精子症中的调控作用。根据弱精子症和正常北京油鸡公鸡睾丸转录组测序筛选到的1个高表达的lncRNA （MSTRG.15568.9）,采用顺式（cis）作用模式预测其潜在靶基因SPAG4（sperm-associated antigen 4）,进一步采用实时荧光定量PCR方法进行表达量分析。分别选择3只0、5、20、30、45、60周龄正常北京油鸡公鸡,检测MSTRG.15568.9与SPAG4基因在不同周龄公鸡睾丸中的表达量差异;选择30周龄3只正常公鸡,采集睾丸、肝脏和脾脏等8个部位组织样品,检测MSTRG.15568.9与SPAG4基因在不同组织间的表达规律;选择45周龄弱精子症公鸡和正常公鸡各3只,对比MSTRG.15568.9与SPAG4基因在睾丸的表达量差异。结果显示,MSTRG.15568.9与SPAG4存在明显的时空表达差异,且二者表达趋势基本一致。在不同周龄的鸡睾丸组织中,MSTRG.15568.9和SPAG4的表达趋势相近,MSTRG.15568.9在20周龄的表达量显著高于0、5、30、45、60周龄（P<0.05）,0和5周龄表达量显著低于20、30、45和60周龄（P<0.05）;SPAG4在45周龄表达量最高,其次是20周龄（P<0.05）。MSTRG.15568.9和SPAG4在睾丸和肝脏中的表达量均显著高于脾脏、肾脏等组织（P<0.05）;在正常睾丸组织中的表达量均显著高于弱精子症睾丸组织（P<0.05）。综上所述,MSTRG.15568.9与SPAG4基因具有较明显的组织表达特异性,且MSTRG.15568.9可能调控SPAG4基因的表达,参与精子发生与精子活力调控;但其具体作用机制需要进一步探索。本研究可为鉴定与鸡弱精子症调节机制相关的功能基因提供参考。     

Correlation of cell surface marker expression with African swine fever virus infection

The expression of surface markers on African swine fever virus (ASFV) infected cells was evaluated to assess their involvement in infection. Previous findings indicated CD163 expression was correlated with ASFV susceptibility. However, in this study the expression of porcine CD163 on cell lines did not increase the infection rate of these cells indicating other factors are likely to be important in determining susceptibility to infection. On adherent porcine bone marrow (pBM) cells the expression of CD45 was strongly correlated with infection. CD163 and CD203a expression correlated at intermediate levels with infection, indicating cells expressing these markers could become infected but were not preferentially infected by the virus. Most of the cells expressing MHCII were infected, indicating that they may be preferentially infected although expression of MHCII was not essential for infection and a large percentage of the infected cells were MHCII negative. CD16 showed a marked decrease in expression following infection and significantly lower levels of infected cells were shown to express CD16. Altogether these results suggest CD163 may be involved in ASFV infection but it may not be essential; the results also highlight the importance of other cell markers which requiring further investigation.     

致倦库蚊天蚕素CecB2基因的原核表达及蛋白纯化

构建致倦库蚊(贵阳株)天蚕素B2(CecB2)基因原核表达载体,并原核表达获得重组蛋白。定向克隆CecB2成熟肽序列至原核表达载体pET32a(+)上,将成功构建的pET32a-CecB2重组表达质粒转化大肠埃希菌Rosetta中经IPTG诱导表达,对IPTG诱导浓度和诱导时间优化后表达所得目的蛋白采用镍离子亲和层析纯化,SDS-PAGE和Western blot检测鉴定表达蛋白。结果表明,成功构建原核表达载体pET32a-CecB2,IPTG浓度和时间优化结果为IPTG浓度为0.05mmol/L,诱导时间为3h。SDS-PAGE检测获得大小约25ku的可溶性纯化蛋白,Western blot鉴定纯化蛋白可与鼠抗His-tag单克隆抗体发生抗原抗体结合反应。说明所构建原核表达载体pET32a-CecB2能在大肠埃希菌中可溶表达,为进一步研究其生物学功能奠定了基础。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫马杜拉霉素抗药株与敏感株的mRNA差异显示

利用柔嫩艾美耳球虫马杜霉素敏感虫株裂殖子和抗药虫株裂殖子为材料,对马杜霉素敏感虫株和抗药虫株进行差异显示PCR,共回收34条电泳差异片段,反向Northern点杂交鉴定4个片段为真正差异片段,并对4个片段进行测序、B1ast同源性比较.来自于马杜霉素抗药虫株裂殖子的ACD3-2序列与柔嫩艾美耳球虫微线-5同源性99%,说明AcD3-2序列是该基因的部分序列,微线-5蛋白与虫体融解宿主细胞膜、入侵、运动和溢出有关,在第二代裂殖子时期,抗药性虫株该序列发生转录,而在敏感虫株中沉默;HCD1序列来自马杜霉素敏感虫株,与柔嫩艾美耳球虫表面抗原16和17序列同源性分别为83%和86%,说明与这2个基因同源.AGD5片段来自抗药虫株,HAD8-2序列来自敏感虫株,通过比较这2条序列可能为新序列.     

Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in canine intracranial meningiomas and association with patient survival

BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a regulator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability. In human patients with meningiomas, increased VEGF expression is predictive of postsurgical recurrence. The objectives of this study were to evaluate VEGF expression in canine intracranial meningiomas and to determine whether an association between VEGF expression and patient survival existed. METHODOLOGY: Tumor tissue from 17 dogs with histologically confirmed intracranial meningiomas was obtained surgically. All dogs then were treated with radiotherapy. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 5-microm sections of paraffin-embedded tumor tissue with rabbit anti-human VEGF polyclonal antibody. The extent, intensity, and distribution of VEGF staining for each section were assessed with light microscopy by means of a semiquantitative scale. Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier procedure. Survival rates among groups were compared by log-rank tests with the significance set at P < or = .05. FINDINGS: VEGF expression was detected in all tumors, with >50% of cells staining positively in tissues from 15/17 dogs. Shorter survival times were associated with greater VEGF expression (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: VEGF expression can be measured in canine intracranial meningiomas and may be associated with poor outcome. SIGNIFICANCE: The extent of VEGF expression in canine intracranial meningiomas may be used as a prognostic marker and suggests a potential future target for therapy.     

VEGF-A、VEGF-C及PLGF基因在奶牛乳腺发育各时期的表达变化

试验旨在研究奶牛VEGF-A、VEGF-C及PLGF基因在乳腺发育各个时期的mRNA表达情况,进而为下一步研究奶牛乳腺发育功能基因奠定基础。采用Real-time PCR SYBR GreenⅠ染料法,所得结果与Affymetrix公司的基因芯片差异筛选结果作比较分析。结果表明,3个基因在乳腺发育11个时期均有表达。VEGF-A基因在妊娠后期及泌乳期表达量较高且与其它时期差异显著(P<0.05);VEGF-C基因在泌乳期表达量较高;PLGF基因的表达量从青春期开始到妊娠期呈递增趋势,到妊娠期4个月达到最高表达量,其后表达量逐渐递减。从以上结果可以得出,VEGF-A及VEGF-C基因可能在奶牛泌乳中发挥作用,而PLGF基因对奶牛乳腺发育起到重要作用,因此通过PCR扩增出PLGF基因的全部CDS序列,为下一步研究PLGF基因功能奠定基础。     

Characterization of isotype-specific regions of five classes of canine beta-tubulin and their expression in several tissues and cell culture.

The structure of isotype-specific regions of classes 1, II, III, IVa and IVb of canine beta-tubulin was characterized by 3'-RACE and the expression of these isotypes in canine tissues was examined by ribonuclease protection assay (RPA). Furthermore, a malignant mammary tumor-derived osteosarcoma-like cell line was established and the altered expression of beta-tubulin isotypes in taxol-resistant sublines was analyzed. The deduced amino acid sequences in isotype-specific regions corresponding to classes I, II and IVb were identical to those of humans and mice, but those in classes III and IVa showed slight differences among species. RPA revealed that classes I and IVb were widely distributed, but classes II, III and IVa were restricted to the brain. Because RPA could clearly distinguish the expression of class IVa from that of class IVb, it was thought to be more useful than northern blot for analysis of beta-tubulin isotype expression. In vitro, taxol-resistant sublines displayed a significant increase in class IVa as compared with taxol-sensitive cells, suggesting that altered expression of class IVa was associated with taxol resistance in these cell lines.     

Expression of Osteopontin (OPN) mRNA in Bovine Ovarian Follicles and Corpora Lutea

The matricellular protein osteopontin (OPN) plays a role in various physiological processes, including angiogenesis and tissue remodelling. As these processes are essential for the maintenance of ovarian physiology, the aim of the study was to investigate the expression of OPN (mRNA) in ovarian cells and to evaluate whether it can be regulated by gonadotrophins. Using conventional RT‐PCR and real‐time PCR, we have detected and quantified OPN mRNA as well as glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA expression in bovine granulosa, theca and luteal cells. In all cells examined, both genes were found in equal amounts and no striking variations in the expression could be observed between granulosa, theca and luteal cells. Furthermore, no effect on either OPN or GAPDH mRNA expression was evident after culturing ovarian cells in the presence of gonadotrophic hormones, although the cells were still highly responsive in terms of cAMP formation. Although neither variations between different cell types nor a regulation of OPN mRNA expression by gonadotrophic hormones could be detected, the high and unambiguous mRNA expression in steroidogenic cells suggests that OPN should be added to the growing list of intraovarian factors which may be involved in ovarian physiology.