Neural correlates of food and water intake in the rat

Adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation of several interrelated limbic and diencephalic areas causes the animal to eat and drink, respectively. The brain areas involved may be organized in terms of "Papez circuit" and, more generally, " Nauta circuit" neuroanatomy. However, it is proposed that separate synaptic nets, one for the control of hunger and one for the control of thirst, are deployed throughout the brain at all levels, including neocortical.     

Activity and responsivity in rats after magnesium pemoline injections

Rats injected intraperitoneally with magnesium pemoline avoided a buzzing sound (conditioned stimulus) associated with an electric shock to the feet (unconditioned stimulus) more frequently than controls. Drug-injected rats did not avoid the foot shock more frequently than controls, although the experi mental rats did have shorter response latencies fn the active avoidance task. In sub sequent experiments which measured activity changes and response to the buzzing sound alone, it was found that magnesium pemoline caused a lesser decrease in activity level and a more sustained responsivity to the buzzer's. sound than did control injections of tragacanth. This may account for the latency differences observed in the avoidance task.     

Effects of deprivation and scheduling on water intake in the white rat

Two studies are presented to demonstrate that the consummatory behavior of drinking in the rat is under the control of duration of water deprivation and that intake after deprivation is related to variation in the scheduling of the animals' opportunities for drinking.     

顺义潮白河再生水受水区反硝化作用初探

以顺义潮白河段再生水受水区为研究对象,沿受水区再生水补给路径布设监测点,利用N_2∶Ar法和膜进样质谱仪(MIMS)直接测定反硝化产物溶解性N_2浓度,计算水-气界面N_2通量,探究N_2通量变化特征和硝酸盐氮沿流向变化的受控因素,概算硝氮转化过程中主要作用的贡献。结果显示:减河段N_2通量为8.92~15.20 mmol N2·m~(-2)·d~(-1),潮白河段N_2通量为17.07~33.01 mmol N_2·m~(-2)·d~(-1)。NO_3~--N含量在不同河段的变化主要受控于反硝化作用和浮游植物的同化吸收,其中减河段反硝化作用除氮量和浮游植物同化吸收固氮量分别为0.041 mmol·L~(-1)和0.017 mmol·L~(-1),分别占NO_3~--N变化量的68.33%和28.33%;潮白河段为0.254 mmol·L~(-1)和0.125 mmol·L~(-1),分别占NO_3~--N变化量的63.50%和31.25%。     

入世后洛阳市粮食生产面临的问题与对策

分析了加入WTO后洛阳市粮食生产面临的有利与不利因素 ,提出了相应对策。     

WTO背景下的河北省粮食产业策略

文章研究了建国以来不同时期河北省粮食生产增长的阶段特征,对未来河北省粮食需求以及WTO对粮食生产的影响进行预测,提出了结构调整中的粮食生产策略和市场策略。     

宁波市大米及面制食品·膨化食品和油炸食品中铝含量的调查

检测了宁波市大米及面制食品、膨化食品和油炸食品中的铝含量情况。结果表明,宁波市大米及面制食品、膨化食品、油炸食品的不合格率分别为16.84%、5.97%和34.69%,其潜在的毒性给人们的健康带来了很大的危害。     

Increased incidence of lymphoma after injections of mice with cells differing at weak histocompatibility loci

Newborns of two congenic strains of mice, in which the incidence of leukemia is low, differing only at the weak H-1 locus, were. injected at birth with adult spleen cells of the parent and of the congenic strain. A marked increase in the incidence of lymphoma ensued in those mice of both strains injected with cells from the other strain. The experiment lends some support to the idea that transplantation immunologic mechanisms may play a role in the genesis of lymphomas.     

江西粮食生产与粮食安全

我国的“粮食安全”问题已引起党中央、国务院的高度重视。江西是我国南方的重要农业省份,建国50多年来,对国家的粮食生产和粮食安全作出了巨大贡献。近些年,江西粮食生产出现了新情况,面临着新挑战。本文在简要回顾江西粮食生产巨大成就、发展历程的基础上,指出了粮食生产存在的主要问题,并提出了新世纪、新阶段确保江西粮食安全的对策和措施。     

食品科学与工程专业开设《食品安全学》课程的探讨

阐述了我国高等院校食品科学与工程专业开设《食品安全学》课程的意义,论述了《食品安全学》课程的目的与任务,提出了作为主干课程《食品安全学》教学内容框架。     

从罗马帝国的粮食问题看粮食安全的重要性

分析鼎盛时期罗马帝国在粮食生产和调控等环节的特点,指出其存在的不足,总结其经验教训,为加强我国的粮食安全建设提供有益的帮助。     

食品添加剂与食品安全关系探讨

介绍了食品安全和食品添加荆的界定、类型及存在的问题,综述了食品安全与食品添加剂的关系,提出了对其存在问题所采取的相应对策和研究展望.     

Recurrent herpes in the rabbit and man

Herpesvirus was present in secretory glands and frequently in tears of rabbits with recurrent herpetic keratitis even in the absence of corneal lesions. In normal people, herpesvirus could be cultured from saliva and tears. Chronic virus multiplication in structures such as the lacrimal and salivary glands, rather than latency, may cause recurrent herpetic disease.     

入世后提升农业竞争力的焦点:绿色食品

近年来,随着人类环保意识的加强,呈现出越来越追求健康、安全食品的新趋势。21世纪是一个“绿色”的世纪,开发绿色食品将成为衡量一个国家和人民生活水平高低的重要标志。入世后,我国绿色食品产业的竞争,也将成为农业竞争的关键点。在未来的贸易格局中,谁拥有绿色,谁就拥有占领市场的制动权。     

青海省粮食供需现状及应对粮食缺口的对策

因自然条件的限制和各种因素影响,青海省粮食生产量近期难以有效提高,供需缺口仍呈钢性增长并将长期存在。应对粮食短缺的对策是:稳定粮食生产,努力减少缺口;健全粮食市场体系,依靠全国粮食大市场,解决青海省粮食短缺问题;发展粮库功能,应对复杂的市场形势,保障粮食安全。     

食品质量与安全专业开设食品安全风险评估课程的探讨

介绍了食品安全风险评估的基本概念,阐述了我国高校食品质量与安全专业开设食品安全风险评估课程的现状、必要性及重要性,对食品安全风险评估课程的性质与目的、教材与内容及教学方法等进行了探讨,可为高校开设食品安全风险评估课程提供一定的参考和指导。     

Transport and loss of nitrous oxide in soil water after forest clear-cutting

Whole-tree harvesting increased the concentration of nitrous oxide dissolved in soil water by two orders of magnitude over the concentration expected in equilibrium with the atmosphere. In contrast, the nitrous oxide content of soil water in an intact, second-growth forest was close to the expected theoretical value. Nitrous oxide, produced at active sites in the soil, dissolves in soil water and is transported to seeps and streams where it rapidly degasses from the solution and is released into the atmosphere. This loss of nitrous oxide after clear-cutting is not important to the nitrogen economy of the site; however, it may be important to the global atmospheric budget of nitrous oxide. Sources of nitrous oxide may have been overlooked because nitrous oxide emissions can be separated in time and space from the sites of the most intense production of nitrous oxide.     

食品防护计划在食品企业中的建立与实施

分析了食品防护的内涵与食品防护的意义,介绍了食品防护计划建立与实施的原则、步骤,最后,展望了中国食品防护工作的发展方向。