青岛地区宿根花卉引种及观赏价值综合评价

该研究对青岛地区引进的54个品种的宿根花卉进行了露地栽培试验,在物候观测的基础上,利用层次分析法,建立了一套适宜青岛地区宿根花卉的综合评价模型,并对54个品种宿根花卉进行了观赏价值综合评价,根据评价值将54种宿根花卉分为4个等级。结果表明:Ⅰ级(4.0)综合观赏价值最高的种类16个,Ⅱ级(3.5~4.0)综合观赏价值高的种类17个,Ⅲ级(3.0~3.5)综合观赏价值较高的种类16个,IV级(3.0)综合观赏价值较低的种类5个。     

基于层次分析法评价常绿植物园林应用价值

采用层次分析法对郑州市建成区49种(品种)常绿植物进行园林应用价值综合评价。以常绿植物园林应用价值为目标从观赏特性、抗性等不同方面筛选16个评价指标,建立模型。根据综合得分将其分为4个等级:Ⅰ级(4.4)园林应用价值高的种类5个;Ⅱ级(4.0~4.4)园林应用价值较高的种类23个;Ⅲ级(3.5~4.0)园林应用价值一般的种类10个;Ⅳ级(3.5)园林应用价值较低的品种11个。从研究结果看,该评价系统基本能够客观、准确地反映常绿植物园林应用价值,与实际应用情况基本相符,为常绿植物在郑州市建成区的推广应用提供了参考依据。     

AHP法对唐山地区宿根花卉的综合评价

为了丰富唐山地区的植物种类,定量地比较引进宿根花卉观赏性状及景观应用价值,从形质性状、开花性状、生长性状等方面确定了宿根花卉评价的3级指标,采用层次分析法(AHP法)测算指标权重,从而得到宿根花卉的综合评价模型.结果表明:观赏价值极高、可大面积推广的有9种;观赏价值高、有发展前景的有1 4种.这23个优良品种的宿根花卉,极大的丰富了唐山市园林绿化的植物材料,推广应用前景广阔.     

沈阳地区新优宿根花卉引种及观赏性评价研究

运用层次分析法对沈阳市园林科学研究院近2 a引进的50种新优宿根花卉进行观赏性综合评价,根据评价值和实践经验划分为4个等级,得出Ⅰ级(≥4.0)观赏价值极高的品种10种;Ⅱ级(3.0~3.9)观赏价值高的品种20种;Ⅲ级(2.9~2.5)观赏价值较高的种类12种;Ⅳ级(≤2.4)观赏价值一般的种类8种。旨在为沈阳及相似地区引种新优宿根花卉提供参考。     

基于AHP法的河北省野生草本花卉综合评价

在大量野外调查和查阅相关资料的基础上,采用层次分析法对河北省4个自然保护区的44种野生草本花卉从观赏特性、生长规律、生态适应性和生态功能4个方面进行综合评价,建立了定性与定量相结合的评价模型。结果表明:花色、花型和耐寒在河北省野生草本花卉评价中占有重要地位。根据综合评价的分值将这些植物分为5个等级:Ⅰ级(4.4～4.1),应用价值很高的种类,共10种花卉;Ⅱ级(4.1～3.8),应用价值较高的种类,共10种花卉;Ⅲ级(3.8～3.5),应用广泛的种类,共14种花卉;Ⅳ级(3.5～3.2),应用价值一般的种类,共6种花卉;Ⅴ级(3.2～2.9),应用价值较低的种类,共4种花卉。本次研究为河北省野生草本花卉资源的合理开发利用提供了重要依据。     

南昌市露地宿根花卉引种及观赏性评价

通过运用层次分析法(AHP),对南昌市象湖湿地公园引种的16种(品种)宿根花卉的观赏性进行定量评价,建立了一套适合南昌市露地宿根花卉观赏价值评价模型。根据综合评价值(R)进行评价分级,共分为3个等级。Ⅰ级(R>4.0):观赏价值高的宿根花卉品种,共计5种(品种),为南昌市首选美化材料;Ⅱ级(3.0≤R≤4.0):观赏价值一般的宿根花卉品种,共6种(品种),可以作为南昌市美化材料;Ⅲ级(R<3.0):观赏价值低的宿根花卉品种,共5种(品种),可搭配应用。     

天津地区宿根花卉引种及观赏性评价研究

运用层次分析法对天津市花苗木服务中心近年来引进的宿根花卉品种进行观赏性综合评价,根据评价值和实际经验将宿根花卉品种划分为4个等级,得出Ⅰ级观赏价值极高的品种6种,可大面积推广;Ⅱ级观赏价值高的品种7种,具有发展前景,旨在为天津及相似地区引种及应用宿根花卉提供参考。     

宿根花卉在郑州市西流湖公园中的应用分析

对宿根花卉在郑州市西流湖公园中的应用进行了调查,旨在了解宿根花卉在郑州市西流湖公园中的应用情况,为宿根花卉在郑州市的进一步推广和应用奠定一定的理论基础。调查结果表明,目前在西流湖应用的宿根花卉共有105种,隶属35个科,82个属;应用形式主要有花海、花带、花境等;从平面配置、立面配置、色彩配置、季相配置4个方面介绍了宿根花卉配置方法。     

花境的类型及其在园林中的应用

花境是园林绿地中一种特殊的种植形式。花境的应用可以使生硬的景观变得活泼,使植物更加富有生气,使意境得到更长的延伸。按植物材料,花境可分为1~2年生草本花境、宿根花卉花境、球根花卉花境、灌木花境、专类植物花境和混合花境。按设计形式,花境可分为单面花境、双面花境和对应式花境。花境可灵活应用于公园、街道和地产景观中。     

宿根花卉园林应用新优种筛选及评价方法

为构建适合株洲及相似地区的宿根花卉园林应用价值综合评价体系,以期筛选适宜种类及品种筛选与推广提供科学的理论依据,以80种宿根花卉为试材,从生态适应性、观赏性、园林节约型应用潜力3个方面选取27个相关的评价指标,运用层次-关联分析法筛选宿根花卉新优种。结果表明:27个评价指标的综合权重值中分布范围、抗病虫、繁殖系数、耐旱、花期及绿期6个因素总排序权重相对最大,分别为19.7%、12.0%、10.6%、8.0%、6.7%、5.5%。根据对80个株系的灰色关联度分析,优选出32种适合于株洲市及相似地区应用推广的新优宿根花卉;应用层次-关联分析法,可以较客观的对宿根花卉的园林应用价值进行综合评价,并快速有效的筛选出具有推广前景的种类及品种,以期为宿根花卉优选提供一种理论方法依据。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Ergebnisse der Leistungsprüfungen der Süßkirschensorte ‚Stella‘ auf Gisela- und Weiroot-Unterlagen in Bulgarien

Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.