The Future of State and Local Economic Development Policy: What Research Is Needed

Research will be more relevant to state and local economic development policy if this research focuses on research gaps. One gap is better estimates of how local labor demand policies affect local jobs. A second gap is better understanding of how labor supply policies affect overall local labor market outcomes, adjusting for spillovers and displacement. A third gap is better understanding of how effects of local employment shocks vary with local labor market conditions.     

Influence of Fiscal Policy on the Growth of Income of Farmer During Economic Transition in China

The influence of fiscal policy on income of farmer is analyzed in terms of theory and studied by real data from 1978 to 2002. The coefficients of effect of state expenditure and revenue on income of farmer are 0. 0296 and -0. 1033 respectively. The fiscal policy have negative influence on income of farmer. Some policies are suggested based on the above analysis.     

Economic Analysis of the Financial Supporting Policy in the Economic Development Zones

This paper makes an economic analysis of the Financial Supporting Policy to invite outside investments in the Economic Development Zones(EDZs),deduces the formula of the optimal ratio of the quantity of financial support to the local financial income and draws figures of the curve.The EDZs should consider the effectiveness of financial subsidy before they use this policy;technical progress is the precondition of subsidy.The Financial Supporting Policy should first help those industries that can promote local economic growth best get subsidy.Under the conditions of low initial economic level and subsidy combining with other preferred policies,the ratio of financial subsidy should reduce;properly by prolonging the time limit and the EDZs' paying more attention to long-run objection lead to lower subsidy ratio.     

State Fiscal Responses to Federal Government Grants

This paper examines the effect of federal government grants on state fiscal decisions. The study presents a disaggregated analysis of state government that allows for the precise measurement of important fiscal effects. State government is modeled as maximizing a social welfare function defined over government expenditures and taxes. The positive theory of grant response is tested and confirmed. The results indicate that matching grants stimulate government expenditures more than nonmatching grants. The results also suggest that federal grant cutbacks will lead to reductions in state expenditures for all key programs but that the composition of this change will depend on the nature of the federal cutbacks.     

浙江财政支农分析与规模优化

农业和农村经济的发展离不开资金的支持,财政对农业的投入是“三农”发展的重要资金来源。文章利用大量的统计数据分析了浙江随着经济社会的发展,财政收入的不断增加,政府对农业的投入规模呈增长趋势,但财政支农水平还处于低水平,总量不足,因此合理确定财政支农规模具有重要的现实意义和经济意义。本文结合经济数量模型,探讨了浙江财政对农业支出的合理规模。     

Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth in Central and Eastern Europe

The majority of the literature on fiscal decentralization has tended to stress that the greater capacity of decentralized governments to tailor policies to local preferences and to be innovative in the provision of policies and public services, the greater the potential for economic efficiency and growth. There is, however, little empirical evidence to substantiate this claim. In this paper we examine, using a panel data approach with dynamic effects, the relationship between the level of fiscal decentralization and economic growth rates across 16 Central and Eastern European countries over the 1990–2004 period. Our findings suggest that, contrary to the majority view, there is a significant negative relationship between two out of three fiscal decentralization indicators included in the analysis and economic growth. However, the use of different time lags allows us to nuance this negative view and show that long‐term effects vary depending on the type of decentralization undertaken in each of the countries considered. While expenditure at and transfers to sub‐national tiers of government are negatively correlated with economic growth, taxes assigned at the sub‐national level evolve from having a significantly negative to a significantly positive correlation with the national growth rate. This supports the view that sub‐national governments with their own revenue source respond better to local demands and promote greater economic efficiency     

民营种业经济发展政策支撑体系与完善对策

分析了新形势下民营种子企业面临的困境,提出了民营种业经济发展政策支撑体系及完善对策.     

Why Some States Grow Faster than Others: New Growth Models for State Economic Policy

Recent studies have identified factors statistically related to differences in state economic growth. These findings relate to regional policy because they appear to identify political options that could then be justified as improving growth. This paper evaluates the reliability of these studies as policy guides. It finds that most statistical conclusions are fragile and are ttherefore risky policy guides Economic base theory performs well, and provides the most reliable state level policy options. These policies, however, have to be crafted carefully to avoid pitfalls associated with traditional (and perhaps unpopular) basic industries.     

人口结构与区域经济社会发展的耦合分析——以黑龙江省为例

为了更好的协调人口结构变动与区域经济社会的发展,运用灰色关联分析和层次分析相结合的方法对黑龙江省人口结构和区域经济社会发展的耦合性进行了定量分析,最终得出区域经济社会发展体系内的不同指标与人口结构间的加权关联度。结果表明:黑龙江省社会发展指标与人口结构的关联度普遍较高,经济发展指标与人口结构的关联度相对较低,黑龙江省经济发展模式亟待转型升级。     

State Employment Growth: The Impact of Taxes and Economic Development Agency Spending

ABSTRACT The results of this study confirm the expected positive relationship between economic development agency spending and employment growth among the states. Furthermore, it is concluded that past studies, by failing to control for state economic development agency spending in estimated regression equations, have underestimated the negative impact of personal taxes on employment growth.     

State and Regional Economic Data Needs

A panel discussion on economic data needs at the state and regional levels, featuring both producer and consumer participants, seemed to the editors of Growth and Change to merit a wider audience than it achieved at the November 1971 convention of the Southern Economic Association. We therefore offer to our readers the following slightly abridged version of the seven presentations.     

论现阶段财政支农的政策取向

农业是国民经济的基础,是关系国计民生的重要部门。鉴于农业的基础性和弱质性决定了财政在任何时候都要给予支持和保护。在中国农业发展进入新的历史时期,政府应规范和约束各级财政的支农行为,调整支农政策,加大对农业的支持力度,以实现农业的可持续发展。     

秸秆生物质能财税政策工具有效性研究进展

生物质能源利用已成为减少温室气体排放和缓解能源危机的有效途径,各国政府采取了一系列政策措施鼓励和引导生物质能源产业的发展,农作物秸秆资源作为重要的生物质能源备受国内关注。本研究梳理了国内外现有的秸秆生物质能源财税政策,归纳总结了生物质能源的政策有效性评价文献。研究发现目前中国财税政策工具应用较为单一,政策组合工具灵活性不够;国内对秸秆生物质能源政策实施效果的研究以定性为主,对政策组合工具进行综合评价的实证研究相对缺乏,未能有效地给政策制定者提供理论依据和参考价值。     

Income Distribution Characteristics of Rural Economic Sectors: Implications for Local Development Policy

Recent trends suggest increasing reliance on private markets to provide for local economic well-being. This research demonstrates the study of regional household income distribution patterns associated with productive activities important to many rural areas. A social accounting matrix analysis was used to examine agricultural production, agricultural processing, forestry production, forest products processing, and tourism in a small rural region in Wisconsin to illustrate the variable distributional characteristics of private market structures and related local economic development policy. The results showed that while high income households comprised 22 percent of total regional households in the study area, they received between 57 percent and 63 percent of earned income associated with changes in sectoral factor income. Medium income households (34 percent of regional households) received between 32 percent and 41 percent of earned income, and low income households (44 percent) received between 2 percent and 6 percent. The ability of local policy to influence distributional patterns is implied to the extent that local action can facilitate variable growth rates of targeted economic sectors.