2014年6月国内外饲料市场分析

<正>1我国饲料产品价格连续2个月小幅上涨我国饲料产品价格均小幅上涨。育肥猪配合饲料价格、肉鸡配合饲料价格和蛋鸡配合饲料价格分别连续4个月、6个月和5个月下跌后,均连续2个月上涨。6月份育肥猪配合饲料、肉鸡配合饲料和蛋鸡配合饲料价格(下同)分别为3.33元/kg、3.42元/kg和3.13元/kg,环比分别上涨0.7%、0.6%和0.5%,同比分别上涨1.4%、1.7%和1.4%。从周价格     

2014年8月国内外饲料市场分析

<正>1我国饲料产品价格连续4个月小幅上涨饲料产品价格连续4个月上涨8月份创新高。育肥猪配合饲料价格、肉鸡配合饲料价格和蛋鸡配合饲料价格自今年5月份以来连续4个月上涨。8月份育肥猪配合饲料、肉鸡配合饲料和蛋鸡配合饲     

2014年9月国内外饲料市场分析

<正>1我国饲料产品价格连续5个月小幅上涨9月份我国饲料产品价格连续5个月上涨。育肥猪配合饲料价格、肉鸡配合饲料价格和蛋鸡配合饲料价格自今年5月份以来均连续5个月上涨。9月份育肥猪配合饲料、肉鸡配合饲料和蛋鸡配合饲料价格(下同)分别为3.41元/kg、3.48元/kg和3.21元/kg,环比分别上涨0.4%、0.3%和0.6%,同比分别上涨1.8%、1.7%和1.9%。从周价格来看,育肥猪配合饲料价格连续19周小幅下跌至4月最后一周     

2010年1月份全国畜产品及饲料价格

<正>据对全国470个集贸市场畜禽产品和饲料价格定点监测,2010年1月份畜产品及饲料价格与2009年12月份相比,活猪、仔猪价格略有下降,猪牛羊肉、鸡蛋和生鲜乳产品价格上涨,饲料价格延续上涨趋势。新疆地区畜产品及饲料价格未受雪灾影响,基本保持稳定。2010年1月份猪粮比价6.4:1,比2009年12月份下降0.1%。     

2010年8月份全国畜产品、饲料价格分析

<正>据农业部对全国471个集贸市场畜禽产品和饲料价格定点监测,2010年8月份畜产品及饲料价格继续上涨,其中生猪类产品、家禽类产品价格上涨幅度较大。受活猪价格持续大幅度上涨影响,8月份猪粮比价继续回升,为5.8∶1,比7月份增加0.6%。     

2014年7月国内外饲料市场分析

<正>1我国饲料产品价格连续3个月小幅上涨7月份我国饲料产品价格均小幅上涨。育肥猪配合饲料价格、肉鸡配合饲料价格和蛋鸡配合饲料价格分别连续4个月、6个月和5个月下跌后,均连续3个月小幅上涨。7月份育肥猪配合饲料、肉鸡配合饲料和蛋鸡配合饲料价格分别为3.36元/kg、3.44元/kg和3.15元/kg,环比分别上涨0.8%、0.5%和0.7%,同比分别上涨1.7%、1.8%和1.6%。从     

2014年11月国内外饲料市场分析

<正>1我国饲料产品价格连续5个月上涨后小幅下跌我国饲料产品价格连续2个月小幅下跌。育肥猪配合饲料价格、肉鸡配合饲料价格和蛋鸡配合饲料价格自今年5月份以来连续5个月上涨创新高后,受新玉米上市以及畜产品价格低迷影响,9月份开始连续2个月小幅下跌,11月份价格分别为3.36元/kg、3.44元/kg和3.17元/kg,分别环比下跌0.8%、0.7%和0.6%,同比下跌0.1%、0.2%     

8月份第1周生猪价格继续回升

<正>据对全国470个集贸市场畜禽产品和饲料价格定点监测,8月份第1周(采集日为8月4日)生猪价格、鸡蛋价格继续上涨,牛羊肉价格和玉米价格小幅上涨,生鲜乳价格平稳。     

2009年12月份全国畜产品和饲料价格情况

<正>据对全国470个集贸市场畜禽产品和饲料价格定点监测,2009年12月份畜产品和饲料价格与11月份相比都有不同程度上涨,其中活猪价格回升较快。12月份猪粮比价6.5∶1,比11月份增加0.2%。     

2012年1月全国畜产品和饲料价格走势及分析

据对全国480个集贸市场畜禽产品和饲料价格定点监测,2012年1月监测产品价格与上月相比,生猪类产品价格回升、牛羊肉价格继续上涨、生鲜乳价格略涨;禽类产品中鸡蛋价格略降、禽肉价格上涨;饲料产品中玉米、鱼粉价格继续下降,豆粕和配合饲料价格略涨。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Evaluation of serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism and results of radiography as indicators of severity of osteochondrosis in foals

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis.