关于鸡传染性支气管炎病毒肾型变异株的研究

从病鸡肾脏分离到一株病毒,电镜观察病毒粒子呈圆形,直径１００ｎｍ左右,有典型的冠状纤突。ＳＰＦ鸡胚传代,鸡胚发育迟缓。气管环组织培养法测定ＴＣＩＤ５０为１０＾６．４／ｍｌ。分离毒对乙醚敏感,不耐热,５６℃水浴１５ｍｉｎ失活。病毒无血凝特性,但径兔Ａ型魏氏梭菌培养液处理后出现血凝性,ＨＡ效价为３Ｌｏｇ２。血清交叉中和试验结果表明,分离毒的血清型不同于已有的Ｍａｓｓａｃｈｕｓｅｔｔｓ、Ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｉ     

传染性支气管炎病毒分子变异机制研究进展

传染性支气管炎是鸡的一种急性高度接触性传染性疾病。传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）是冠状病毒科,冠状病毒属的代表种,以多血清型和高变异性使免疫预防复杂化和费用增高,给世界养禽业造成了严重的经济损失。该病毒是有囊膜呈中等多形性球状或椭圆形的病毒粒子,表面有...     

一株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异株的分离与鉴定

对辽宁省沈阳地区某鸡场发生的临床症状及病理剖人变化疑似鸡传染性支气管炎的病例,无菌采集肾脏、肺脏、气管等组织,接种ＳＰＦ鸡胚,经病毒形态观察、血凝特性试验、动物回归试验证实,我们分离到一株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒;经病毒中和试验及核甘酸序列分析表明。该病毒为一株变异株。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分子变异机理和免疫机理的研究进展

为阐释鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（avian infectious bronchitis virus，IBV）的高变异特性及其原因，从IBV的不同病变型、分子变异及免疫机理几方面概述了IBV的研究进展，提出了IBV基因组突变、免疫压力和不同毒株基因组间的同源重组所导致的病毒血清型、基因型和组织嗜性的改变是造成免疫失败的主要原因。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国地方分离株M基因的分子特征

本实验根据已经发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）M基因序列设计并合成一对引物，利用RT－PCR扩增得到了IBM新疆分离株LX4株（HA价为2^7)M基因678bp的片段，将该片段克隆到PUC18载体上，通过对所得到的重组质粒进行酶切分析，PCR鉴定，证明得到了含有目的基因片段的阳性重组质粒。采用Sanger's双脱氧末端终止法对插入片段进行核苷酸序列测定，获得了IBV－LX4株M基因的核苷酸序列，利用DNASIS分析软件，将它与GENBANK中发表的15株国外参考毒株相比较，发现核苷酸的同源性（除D1466和DE072外）为85％－92％，氨基酸的同源性为83％－92％，与国内参考株（H52－GD）相比分别为90％和92％，确证我们得到的克隆片段为IBV－LX4株的M基因，且含有两个糖基化位点，9个高度保守的半胱氨酸，三个跨膜区域，与国外的报道一致。     

中国鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的变异

同ＩＢＶ参考株比较,中国ＩＢＶ流行株血清型内和血清型间在基因型和组织嗜性上均已发生变异,研究首次表明ＩＢＶ血清型,基因型及组织嗜性间存在有规律的相关性,病毒免疫原Ｓ１基因的点突变在一定程度上影响病毒的免疫原性。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒国内分离株D971 mRNA3和mRNA4cDNA的分子特征

参照已发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(infectious bronchitis virus，IBV)基因序列，设计合成了1对引物，经RT—PCR扩增得到了IBV国内分离株D971约1．3kb的片段，其中包含3a、3b、E及M蛋白基因的完整0RF，并将该片段进行了克隆和序列测定。与国内外部分IBV毒株序列比较表明：D9713a基因与CU—T2、D1466、DE072、M41、GA／99和UK／66的3a基因核苷酸序列同源性在83％～89％之间，氨基酸序列同源性为77％～91％，其中与CU—T2毒株的同源性最低(分别为83％和77％)；3b基因与上述毒株的对应核苷酸序列同源性在85％～95％之间，氨基酸序列同源性为72％～96％，与CU—T2的同源性最高(分别为95％和96％)；E蛋白基因与CU—T2、D1466、DE072、M41、Ark99、H52、Gray、GA／99和UK／66的核苷酸序列同源性在81％～86％之间，氨基酸序列同源性为74％～80％。不同毒株推导的E蛋白C末端表现不同特征，其中D971E蛋白C末端比CU—T2的时应区多9个氨基酸残基，而比本试验选用的其他参考毒株的相应区域短5～7个氨基酸残基。M基因与Cu—T2、DE072、Gray、M41、H120、H52、SD／97／02、LX4及D41的M基因核苷酸序列同源性在86％～91％之间，氨基酸序列同源性为85％～95％，其中与SD／97／02的同源性最高(分别为91％和95％)。对M蛋白的3个功能区进行序列比较发现，其N端第1～19位与SD／97／02的同源性最高，达90％，与CU—T2的同源性为80％，而与其他毒株同源性均低于61％；N端第20～100位含有3个跨膜蔬水区，D971与其他参考毒株比较，该部位第20～67位相对保守，其中与SD／97／02的同源性为100％，与其他毒株的同源性在97％以下；在推测的与核衣壳连接的C端，D971与SD／97／02在第101～182位同源性为100％，与疫苗株H52和H120及国内分离株LX4和D41的同源性为97％，而与本试验所选的国外参考毒株同源性在96％以下；在C端第184～219位D971与H52的同源性为100％，与H120和SD／97／02的同源性为97％，与其他毒株的同源性也在96％以下，而且在C末端第220～222及224位与上述国内外参考毒株均不同，国内外各毒株在该4个位点氨基酸为丙氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸和丝氨酸，而D971M蛋白的该区域氨基酸突变为丝氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸和甘氨酸，该突变是否与D971的生物学特性尤其是组织嗜性的变化相关还有待于进一步研究。以上结果表明，D971与SD／97／02亲缘关系较其他毒株为近，但其遗传衍化又与国内使用的疫苗株H52和H120具有一定的联系。从其mRNA3和mRNA4cDNA的序列分析来看，D971又具有独特的分子特征。     

中国鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的变异

同ＩＢＶ参考株比较,中国ＩＢＶ流行株血清型内和血清型间在基因型和组织嗜性上均已发生变异;研究首次表明ＩＢＶ血清型、基因型及组织嗜性间存在有规律的相关性;病毒免疫原Ｓ１基因的点突变在一定程度上可影响病毒的免疫原性。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国地方分离株S1基因5''端的变异

对自海南海省、广西省发生鸡传染性支气管炎（IB）鸡群分离的4株IBV分离株（HaN-1/95、HaN-2/95、GX-1/98、GX－2／98）的主要免疫原纤突蛋白S1基因经RT－PCR扩增其5'端的1．2kb的目的片段，将其插入载体pMD 18-Tk ,在大肠杆菌中实现目的的基因的克隆。对克隆的目的基因经限制性酶切分析及PCR鉴定后，以双脱氧链终止法测定其核苷酸序列，并与GenBank中的参考毒株（H120、SD－1／97和Holte）相应序列作比较，分析其同源性。结果表明，HaN-1/95、HaN-2/95、GX-1/98及SD－1／97与疫苗株H120的核苷酸序列同源性分别为99．5％、99．2％、97．9％和99．5％，其推导氨基酸序列同源性分别为99．1％、98．9％、96．9％和99．2％。GX－2／98与Holte株的核苷酸序列同源率为99．0％，其推导的氨基酸序列同源性为98．6％，而与其他中国分离株的核苷酸序列的同源性仅为70％左右，氨基酸序列的同源性仅为68％左右。     

Pathogenicity and antigenicity of a new variant of Korean nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus

Despite the existence of an active vaccination program, recently emerged strains of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Korea have caused significant economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, we assessed the pathogenic and antigenic characteristics of a K-IIb type field strain of IBV that emerged in Korea since 2003, such as Kr/Q43/06. Specific pathogen free 1-week-old chickens exhibited severe respiratory symptoms (dyspnea) and nephropathogenic lesions (swollen kidneys with nephritis and urate deposits) following challenge with the recent IBV field strain. The antigenic relatedness (R value), based on a calculated virus neutralization index, of the K-IIb type field strain and K-IIa type strain KM91 (isolated in 1991) was 30%, which indicated that the recent strain, Kr/Q43/06, is a new variant that is antigenically distinct from strain KM91. This report is the first to document the emergence of a new antigenic variant of nephropathogenic IBV in chicken from Korea.     

Evaluation of the antigen relatedness and efficacy of a single vaccination with different infectious bronchitis virus strains against a challenge with Malaysian variant and QX-like IBV strains

BackgroundThe predominant infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains detected in chickens in Malaysia are the Malaysian variant (MV) and QX-like, which are associated with respiratory distress, nephropathy, and high mortality. On the other hand, the antigenic relatedness and efficacy of IBV vaccines against these 2 field IBV strains are not well characterized.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the antigen relatedness and efficacy of different IB vaccine strains against a challenge with MV and QX-like strains.MethodsThe antigen relatedness and the ability of different IB vaccine strains in conferring protection against MV and QX-like were assessed based on the clinical signs, macroscopic lesions, and ciliary activity.ResultsThe MV strain IBS037A/2014 showed minor antigenic subtype differences with the vaccine virus Mass H120 and 4/91 strains but showed major antigenic subtype differences with the K2 strain. The Malaysian QX-like strain IBS130/2015 showed major antigenic subtype differences with the MV strain IBS037A/2014 and the vaccine strains except for K2. Chickens vaccinated once with Mass (H120) or with non-Mass (4/91 and K2) developed antibody responses with the highest antibody titer detected in the groups vaccinated with H120 and 4/91. The mean ciliary activities of the vaccinated chickens were between 56 to 59% and 48 to 52% in chickens challenged with IBS037A/2014 and IBS130/2015, respectively. The vaccinated and challenged birds showed mild to severe lesions in the lungs and kidneys.ConclusionsDespite the minor antigenic subtype differences, a single inoculation with Mass or non-Mass vaccines could not protect against the MV IBS037A/2014 and QX-like IBS130/2015.     

鸡肾型IBV分离株M基因的克隆与特性分析

依据NCBI所登录的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的M基因序列设计了一对引物,应用TRIzol试剂盒对8个肾型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒陕西地方分离株进行总RNA的提取,以所得到的RNA为模板,用RT-PCR对M基因进行扩增;其目的条带回收提纯后,与PMD18-T克隆载体进行连接,转化到DH5α宿主菌,并经药物抗性筛选、PCR及酶切鉴定,将所筛选鉴定出的阳性质粒进行测序,最后对测序结果进行分析。结果表明：陕西地方8个毒株（BJ2、FF2、YL2、B01、G5、YX、WH、WG）M基因长约为650 bp,其中YX、WH株本身无BamH 1酶切位点。WH与其它分离株的核苷酸同源性为91.8%～92.6%,而其它的分离株间的同源性为98.8%～99.8%。8个毒株与参考株的核苷酸同源性为74.9%～99.8%。其N端90 aa肽段与对照株相比,不同之处表现为高亲水性氨基酸取代低亲水性氨基酸,这会使其具有更好的抗原性。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒D971分离株与M41株、T株接种鸡的病理形态学比较研究

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒D971分离株感染SPF鸡后主要表现为消瘦、稀便、伴有轻微的呼吸症状；剖检可见腺胃乳头肿胀、充出血、或乳头凹陷，并附有大量黏液；组织学观察可见腺胃黏膜上皮和固有层有坏死、脱落或溃疡，个别病例见有淋巴样细胞浸润，肌胃黏膜有中度坏死，伴有少量淋巴样细胞浸润，实质器官细胞变性、坏死，脾、胸腺及法氏囊的淋巴细胞有较为明显的坏死。M41株和T株感染SPF鸡后，其腺胃变化不明显。     

Detection and isolation of QX-like infectious bronchitis virus in Japan

The antigenic variant QX-like infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is endemic in several countries. In Japan, the QX-like genotype is classified as the JP-III genotype based on the partial S1 gene and as the GI-19 genotype based on the complete S1 gene. This study showed that QX-like IBVs and JP-III IBVs can be identified based on the amino acid polymorphism of the S1 glycoprotein. Furthermore, genetic analysis of several IBV field strains detected in commercial broiler farms across the Kyushu area in 2020 revealed Japanese QX-like IBVs, which are highly homologous to the QX-like IBVs recently detected in China and South Korea. Herein, QX-like IBV field strains were isolated for evaluating commercial vaccine efficacy in our future studies.     

表达传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因重组鸡痘病毒的构建

将鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因插入到鸡痘病毒转移载体pSY681中，获得重组转移载体pSY681。将pSY681-IBVS1转染已感染亲本鸡痘病毒S-FPV-017株的鸡胚成纤维细胞，使其在鸡胚成纤维细胞内与鸡痘病毒基因组发生同源重组，产生表达鸡IBVS1蛋白的重组鸡痘病毒rFPV-IBVS1。在含有X-gal的营养琼脂培养基上进行蓝斑筛选且进一步纯化14代。S1基因的PCR检测表明，获得的含传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因的重组鸡痘病毒能够稳定遗传，间接免疫荧光和Western blot等试验证实该重组病毒在CEF内真实地表达了分子量约为90Ku的具有免疫学活性的IBV S1糖蛋白。     

Molecular characterization of two Bangladeshi infectious bursal disease virus isolates using the hypervariable sequence of VP2 as a genetic marker

Two Bangladeshi infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates collected in 2007, termed GB1 and GB3, were subjected to comparative sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. Sequence analysis of a 474-bp hypervariable region in the VP2 gene revealed that among four major amino acid substitutions observed in the strains, two were unique to GB1 and GB3 (Ser217Leu and Ala270Thr) while one substitution was only found in GB1 (Asn299Ser). Among IBDVs from Bangladesh including GB1 and GB3, the rate of identity and homology was around 97~99%. The amino acid sequences of GB1 and GB3 differ from those of previous Bangladeshi IBDV isolates and contain amino acid substitutions Pro222Ala and Asn299Ser (in GB3 only). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that GB1 and GB3 are grouped with other very virulent IBDVs of European and American origin in contrast to two previously isolated Bangladeshi IBDV strains (GenBank accession Nos. {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"AF362776","term_id":"14582985","term_text":"AF362776"}}AF362776 and {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"AF260317","term_id":"13957666","term_text":"AF260317"}}AF260317), which belong to the Asian group. It was concluded that GB1 and GB3 belong to a very virulent group of IBDVs. However, amino acid sequences of GB1 and GB3 differ from those of the other Bangladeshi IBDVs by one or two amino acids encoded in the hypervariable region of the VP2 gene.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒地方流行株的分离与鉴定

从山西各地区疑似鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)的病料中,分离到5株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)分离株,并对分离病毒进行了病毒形态观察、对鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)的干扰、鸡胚致病性试验、动物回归试验、血凝特性试验、病毒理化特性测定等生物特性鉴定及IBV N基因特异性片段的检测.电镜观察,可见直径为60～120 am,有囊膜及纤突呈冠状排列的病毒粒子;对NDV有明显的干扰作用;分离株的传代物均有明显的致鸡胚矮小化作用;动物回归感染死亡鸡肾脏病变明显,表现肾脏肿大、花斑肾现象,输尿管内充塞大量尿酸盐;无直接血凝性,经1%胰酶处理后可凝集鸡红细胞;分离株对乙醚和氯仿敏感;采用反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)对分离毒株进行扩增,结果均扩增出特异N基因核酸片段.     

禽传染性支气管炎病毒S基因的研究进展

作为严重危害养禽业的禽传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV),正受到兽医界的普遍关注。文章就人们在分子生物学领域对IBV S基因的结构特征、免疫活性、与病毒血清的关系、基因工程疫苗等方面的研究概况作了综述,并且根据病毒与热休克蛋白(HSPS)之阃相互作用,设想使IBV的S基因与HSPS结合,开发出一种新型高效的IBV疫苗。