宁都黄鸡泌尿系统的组织学研究

本研究旨在了解宁都黄鸡泌尿系统的组织学特征,观察PAS阳性物质和肥大细胞在宁都黄鸡泌尿系统中的分布。通过石蜡切片,采用H.E染色,观察宁都黄鸡泌尿系统的显微结构;采用PAS反应法及甲苯胺蓝染色鉴定阳性细胞分布情况。结果显示,宁都黄鸡泌尿系统由一对长条豆荚状的肾脏组成,每侧肾脏有一支输尿管,无膀胱和脂肪囊。肾实质由若干肾小叶构成,有皮质和髓质之分。肾小体体积较小,肾小球结构简单,数量众多。肾脏内有较多PAS阳性细胞,主要分布于肾小管间的结缔组织、肾小球基底膜以及连接小管上皮细胞的顶部。肥大细胞体积较大,呈紫红色,多为圆形和梭形,主要分布于肾小管间的结缔组织和肾小体内。结果表明,宁都黄鸡泌尿系统与常见家禽的泌尿系统显微结构相似,PAS反应法对鉴定宁都黄鸡肾小球基底膜的病理变化及研究预防尿结石的发生有重要意义,肥大细胞对宁都黄鸡泌尿系统疾病的防御具有积极的作用。     

宁都黄鸡大棚散养的调查

１宁都黄鸡的分布与特点 宁都黄鸡是我县一项传统的名特优产品,属我省珍贵的地方肉鸡品种资源,据史料记载已有１５００多年的饲养历史。宁都黄鸡主要产于宁都县黄石乡,分布于对坊、长胜、田头、青塘、赖村、竹窄、刘坑等乡镇及县郊区一带。它外观美丽,具有毛、嘴、脚黄等特征,以皮肤细密、肉质细嫩、味道鲜美而扬名,以个体小、肥育早给人实惠,以生长快、肌肉丰满、性情温顺、抗病力强、耐粗饲、易管理而大受欢迎。２宁都黄鸡的生产发展现状 宁都黄鸡养殖已经成为我县的一项特色产业,生产发展迅猛。早在１９８９年,我县黄鸡的饲养量…     

宁都黄鸡山地大棚散养技术初报

"宁都黄鸡"已获江西省品种审定委员会审定通过并正式命名.该县利用山地大棚散养进行大规模商品鸡生产,年出栏2000余万只,实现产值2800余万元,运用这项技术,不仅节省建筑成本,减少劳动强度,还有利环境净化和鸡的健康生长,提高了肉质风味,羽毛亦丰满光亮.现就山地大棚散养技术初报如下.     

宁都黄鸡饲养管理和疫病防治技术要点

近年来,随着宁都黄鸡产业化进程的加快,饲养规模的不断扩大,宁都黄鸡已成为宁都县农业的支柱产业,而且被外县、外省大量引种饲养.宁都黄鸡性情温顺,集群性强,成熟早,耐粗饲,适应性和抵抗力较好,广大饲养专业户已形成了一套以突出肉质风味为主而行之有效的大棚散养技术.     

宁都黄鸡果园生态养殖技术要点

近年来,随着生活水平的提高,人们更加注重畜禽产品的品质,包括营养、口感、风味等。笔者通过对宁都黄鸡果园生态养殖技术的介绍,以指导从事宁都黄鸡养殖人员更好地进行科学饲养,提高宁都黄鸡肉质品质,增强市场竞争力,促进增产增收。     

宁都黄鸡历史与典型自然地理环境简析

宁都黄鸡是我国宝贵的地方优质品种资源之一。它原产于江西省宁都县黄石、对坊等南部乡镇，至今已有１５００余年的饲养历史。经过当地长期的自然繁衍和自发选育，形成了“三黄”（羽黄、胫黄、喙黄）、“五红”（冠红、髯红、脸红、眼圈红、耳叶红）、早熟、体小、脚矮的外貌特征，以肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、营养丰富为特色，已成为江西省乃至华南地区著名的小型优质肉用鸡种品牌。经测定，宁都黄鸡肌肉蛋白质、总氨基酸、必需脂肪酸、肌苷酸、谷氨酸钠等含量及单位面积肌纤维数量均高于多个国内著名地方鸡种。现就宁都黄鸡的历史与其典型的自…     

依托资源优势 大力发展宁都黄鸡产业

宁都县地处江西东南,赣州市东北部,版图面积4053平方公里,人口72万人。是典型的农业大县。宁都黄鸡是我县农村的传统生产项目,具有1500多年的饲养历史,有胫、羽、喙“三黄”,冠、髯、眼圈、脸、耳叶“五红”,尾下垂的外貌特征,具有早熟、个体矮小、肉质细嫩、味道鲜美,营养丰富,抗逆性强,适合放牧饲养等特点,。深受消费者的青昧,是我省宝贵的小型优质肉鸡品种资源。依托这一资源优势,我县有效地开展了保护和开发利用工作,将宁都黄鸡产业作为我县的主导产业,持之以恒,长抓不懈。经过近十来年的努力,宁都黄鸡产业初具规模。全县年出笼宁都黄鸡50万只以上的专业村12个,年出栏3000只以上盼养殖大户迭860余户,最多的户年出栏30多万只,全县年出栏黄鸡达2580万只,成为江西省鸡出栏最多的县份之一。饲料加工、销售、运输等相关产业达到了相当规模。据统计,仅宁都黄鸡商品鸡产值就达3亿元,纯利9000余万元,农民人均收入160元,全县从事宁都黄鸡养殖及相关产业的人员突破万人,真正成为了我县的特色产业,支柱产业,富民产业。[编者按]     

依托资源优势大力发展宁都黄鸡产业

宁都县地处江西东南,赣州市东北部,面积4053平方公里,人口72万人,是典型的农业大县。宁都黄鸡的饲养是宁都县农村的传统生产项目,已具有1500多年的饲养历史。宁都黄鸡有胫、羽、     

引起宁都黄鸡支气管栓塞病原菌的分离鉴定

采集发生支气管栓塞的宁都黄鸡病料9份,进行病原菌分离培养,共分离到7株细菌,根据其形态特征、培养特性、生化特征、血清型分析等进行鉴定,确定是由O78血清型大肠杆菌引起的.药敏试验结果显示,7个分离株对头孢西丁、头孢吡肟高度敏感,对大多数抗生素耐药,其中对强力霉素的耐药性最强.     

Microstructure of the small intestine in broiler chickens fed a diet with probiotic or synbiotic supplementation

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of a probiotic and a synbiotic on the morphometric parameters of the small intestine of broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted on three hundred sixty, one‐day‐old female Ross 308 chicks, which were randomly selected from 20,000 birds and divided into three treatment groups (n = 120) with ten replicates per treatment. The control group (C) was fed a commercial diet, the probiotic group (PRO) was fed the same diet with an added 1% of the probiotic Lavipan® (Lactococcus lactis, Carnobacterium divergens, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and the synbiotic group (SYN) was fed the commercial diet with an added synbiotic: 0.8% of the prebiotic RFO (extracted from lupin seeds) and 1% Lavipan®. According to the manufacturer's data, apart from the typical probiotic action,microorganisms contained in the preparation release anti‐bacterial substances (hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins) and, therefore, are antagonistic towards pathogenic bacteria present in the gut of animals. Supplementation took place in the first seven days of rearing, and all birds had ad libitum access to water and feed during the 42 days of the experiment. On the last day, all birds were slaughtered and samples from three segments of the small intestine were taken. Villi area, height, width and crypt depth ratios were read using Multiscan software. Synbiotic supplementation increased the BWG of broilers from first to tenth day of rearing, compared to the control group. The PRO group had improved villi morphometric parameters of the duodenum. In the jejunum and ileum, both bioactive substances improved villus width and villus surface area. Crypts were deeper in the small intestine of birds supplemented with bioactive substances, which allows greater renewal of the villi. As expected, the intestinal morphometric parameters of broiler chickens benefited from bioactive substance supplementation.     

京海黄鸡生长模型拟合的研究

用Logistic,Gompertz和Bertalanffy 3种非线性生长模型对不同性别京海黄鸡的生长发育进行拟合。研究结果表明,京海黄鸡公、母鸡在3周龄前生长曲线基本一致,而3周龄后公鸡明显快于母鸡;3种模型的拟合效果均很好,尤以Bertalanffy模型最佳;公、母鸡的生长拐点分别为12.81周和11.13周,公鸡的成年体重显著高于母鸡,但达到拐点的周龄较母鸡迟;3种模型的相对生长率所反映的生长规律基本相同:无论公母鸡,在6周龄之后,其相对生长率基本一致,但绝对生长率却存在差异。     

蚯蚓抗菌肽对贵州黄鸡生产性能的影响研究

为了考察蚯蚓抗菌肽对贵州黄鸡生产性能的影响,试验采用单因素试验设计,共设4个抗菌肽添加水平,分别是0%、0.6%、0.8%和1.0%。选用0日龄健康贵州黄鸡120只,根据体重随机分为4组,分别为对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组分别设3个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验期21 d。试验结果表明:日粮中添加抗菌肽对贵州黄鸡的采食量无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著提高日均增重(P<0.05),降低料重比(P<0.05),降低发病率和死亡率(P<0.05),以添加1%水平的蚯蚓抗菌肽效果为佳。     

大豆异黄酮对蛋鸡小肠肠道黏膜结构的影响

选取200只1日龄健康的蛋鸡,随机平均分为2组：试验组（T组）日粮中添加大豆异黄酮提取物20mg/kg,对照组（C组）饲喂基础日粮,分别于10、15、22、29、37日龄取材,制作石蜡切片及HE染色,显微成像系统测定十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛长度、隐窝深度和肌层厚度。结果显示,随着日龄（15~37日龄）的增长,T组蛋鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肌层厚度和V/C值都有低于C组蛋鸡的趋势。结果说明,20mg/kg的大豆异黄酮提取物的添加量对蛋鸡的小肠肠道黏膜结构有负面影响,不利于蛋鸡的生长。     

影响断奶仔猪小肠结构完整性的因素

小肠是营养物质消化吸收的主要场所,小肠结构的完整性对养分消化利用具有重要的意义。影响断奶仔猪小肠结构完整性的因素较多,包括乳源活性物质消失、断奶应激、采食量及饲粮组成等。本文综述了影响断奶仔猪小肠结构完整性的重要因素。     

Histochemical distribution of enzymes in the small intestine of young milk-fed calves

The histochemical distribution of selected enzymes were examined in the small intestine of 5 about 3-week-old normal calves fed on whole cow’s milk. Alkaline phosphatase and β-D-galactosidase (= lactase) in the epithelial brush border, and non-specific esterase in the cytoplasm showed a strong reaction in the villi of the anterior small intestine and a marked decrease in the posterior regions. Aminopeptidase in the brush border of the villi showed a reverse distribution, with the strongest reaction in the posterior small intestine. Adenosine-triphosphate-splitting enzyme in the epithelial brush border, acid phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells gave a relatively uniform reaction in the villi throughout the small intestine. A fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase was demonstrated in the brush border of the villi in the anterior small intestine. The distribution of enzymes demonstrated in this study was generally compatible with the known absorptive functions of the various parts of the small intestine.     

肠渣提取饲用蛋白质工艺的研究

以碱液为提取剂从肠渣中提取蛋白质,为现代畜牧业的发展提供充足的蛋白质饲料,主要研究了碱液浓度、提取时间、提取温度、料液比对蛋白质提取率的影响。结果表明,在提取温度60℃、提取时间2 h、料液比(g/ml)为1:15、碱液浓度是0.5%的条件下,蛋白质的最大提取率为34.10%。     

Idiopathic perforating ulceration of the small intestine in five adult horses

Perforating ulceration of the small intestine was diagnosed in 5 adult horses. Affected horses presented with signs of low‐grade colic, depression and inappetance. Abdominal paracentesis yielded abnormal peritoneal fluid in all cases. Perforating ulcers were located at the mesenteric border in 4 horses and the ileum in one horse. All horses had diffuse septic peritonitis. The aetiology of the condition is unknown.     

Preliminary study of capsule endoscopy in the small intestine of horses

Objective To evaluate the visibility of various portions of the small intestine in healthy horses using capsule endoscopy. Procedure Six healthy, conscious adult Thoroughbreds were restrained and an endoscopic capsule (PillCam® SB capsule) was inserted into the oesophagus using an intranasal catheter aided by a guide wire. Water (500 mL) flushed the capsule down the gastrointestinal tract. Data were collected and stored in the recorder of the endoscopic system for 6 hours after capsule insertion and the images were evaluated using an image reader and scored using a visual analogue scale. Results Capsule endoscopy enabled observation of the distinct mucosal shape, colour, and villus structure of the intestinal lumen from the duodenum through the proximal jejunum. At 4 h after passing the pylorus, the endoscopic capsule started transmitting increasingly dark images in the distal jejunum as the lumen circumference increased. Means of the visual analogue scale in the duodenum, proximal jejunum, and distal jejunum were 93.8 ± 1.3%, 86.2 ± 2.5% and 48.8 ± 6.3%, respectively. Differences among these values were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Capsule endoscopy enables observation of the distinct mucosal shape, colour and villus structure of the proximal and mid-small intestine in healthy horses.