桉小卷娥发生规律与防治的研究

桉小卷蛾在我国桉树分布地区普遍发生,危害顶梢和嫩叶,严重影响幼林的高生长。1985～1987年、1991～1993年,先后在海南岛国营上埇林场、广东省雷州林业局对该虫进行了发生规律调查和防治试验,现将结果整理如下。1 生物学特性桉小卷蛾(Pelochrista sp.)在广东每年发生8～9代,且世代重叠,无越冬现象。成虫晚间交尾产卵,卵散产于嫩梢、嫩叶或嫩叶柄上,孵化后啜嫩梢或嫩叶结成苞。1～2龄幼虫藏于苞中取食,3龄后常爬出苞外取食或弃老苞另结新苞造成转移危害。幼虫大多5龄,老熟幼虫     

青海云杉小卷蛾发生规律及防治对策

指出了云杉小卷蛾(Neobarbara olivacea Liu et Nasu)在国内仅分布于青海省,为害青海云杉。近几年来,该虫在西宁地区呈突发性暴发态势,危害严重。为了应对云杉小卷蛾发生的新情况,探讨了其发生规律和发生原因,并摸索出了相应的防治对策,为防治小卷蛾提供一定的参考。     

梨小食心虫的发生规律与防治

<正>梨小食心虫,又名梨小果蛀蛾,俗称梨小。属鳞翅目小卷蛾科。它在我国各梨产区大多有分布,发生很普遍,是梨树重要蛀果害虫之一。它除为害梨外,还为害桃、李、杏、苹果、樱桃、山楂等果树。1为害状果实被害后,被害果蛀孔很小,周围稍有凹陷,但不变颜色。幼虫蛀果后,先在果肉浅层为害,逐渐向果心蛀入,在果核周围蛀食,并排粪于其中,形成“豆沙馅”。有时果面有虫粪排出。被害果后期有脱果孔,在其周围变黑、腐烂。果实易脱落,不耐贮藏。     

庐江县银杏超小卷蛾的发生与防治

本文作者根据庐江县银杏超小卷蛾的发生现状,重点阐述了此虫的危害症状、形态特征、发生规律和原因及防治措施。     

国槐小卷蛾发生规律及防治

国槐小卷蛾,又名国槐叶柄小蛾、槐小蛾。主要分布在北京、天津、河北、山西、山东、河南、江苏、安徽、山西、陕西、甘肃（平凉市）、宁夏等地区。寄主植物为国槐、黄金槐、龙爪槐、蝴蝶槐。     

桉小卷蛾是我国一新记录种

桉小卷蛾是我国南方沿海诸省桉树嫩梢上一大害虫。多年来一直误定为刺小卷蛾属，种名未定。现经研究确定学名的Ｓｔｒｅｐｓｉｃｒａｔｅｓ ｃｏｒｉａｒｉａｅ Ｏｋｕ是我国一新记录种。本文对其外部形态给予详细的描述。     

西安市国槐小卷蛾的发生及防治

通过对西安市国槐小卷蛾的发生危害情况调查,根据当地的实际情况及国槐小卷蛾的发生规律,提出了相应的综合防治措施.     

英德跳(虫脩)生物学特性和防治研究

英德跳ｘｉｕ是我国森林昆虫竹节虫目的一新虫种。在广东省英德县效益发现危害黎蒴栲林成灾得名。若虫和成虫危害黎朔栲为主的壳斗科树叶，以成虫危害最烈。该虫在英德县１ａ发生２－３代，世代重叠。以第１、２代成虫产的卵在枯枝落叶层下越冬，翌年２月下旬开始化，５月中、下旬为越冬代成虫高峰期。在５月下、中旬使用３％６６６烟剂１５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２防治，效果达８５％以上；使用绿僵菌１．５×１０＾３个／ｍｈ＾２孢子防治，     

棕榈弄蝶生物学特性及防治研究

棕榈弄蝶(Erionota sp.)是我县近年来新发生的一种害虫,大量发生时,可将棕叶大部或全部吃光,仅留叶脉,导致棕榈枯死。1988～1990年,安化县由于该虫暴发成灾,造成50多万元经济损失,严重影响了棕榈生产和广大农民发展棕榈生产的积极性。为摸清该虫的生物学特性,提供有效的防治方法,我们于1989年5月至1990年12月,对棕榈弄蝶进行了研究。现将研究结果报道如下。     

Effect of Lecanicillium muscarium on Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Pathogenicity of Lecanicillium muscarium, against Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions to determine if the fungal infection of the whitefly host can effect the survival, longevity and fecundity of female parasitoid. The results indicated that the number of parasitized larvae surviving a L. muscarium treatment after 6 days of oviposition decreased with increasing concentrations of L. muscarium and in later stages of development (12 days post oviposition) were not affected by fungal application. There were no significant differences on adult parasitoid survivorship after 7 days among all treatments. Maximum survivorship (73.33%) was observed for control and it was minimum (60%) at 1 × 10⁸ conidia/ml. L. muscarium showed a non significant effect on longevity and next offsprings of female parasitoids. The percentage emergence of parasitoids from the whitefly nymphs produced by the females emerged from treated pupae was almost similar. Maximum emergence (69.77%) was observed at 1 × 10⁶ conidia/ml and it was lowest (61.02%) at conidial concentration of 1 × 10⁸ conidia/ml. Maximum longevity of adult Eretmocerus sp. emerging from whitefly nymphs when treated after 12 days of postoviposition was observed for 1 × 10⁵ conidia/ml having a mean value of 5 days whereas the lowest longevity was 4.9 days observed at 1 × 10⁸ conidia/ml. The results mentioned above indicate that the interaction among biocontrol agents is positive to a greater extent with minimum risk hazards.     

分月扇舟蛾生物学特性及其防治研究

分月扇舟蛾是杨树人工林的主要食叶害虫之一,在吉林省西部一年发生３代,以２龄幼虫在落叶层或树皮缝内作薄茧越冬,第二年四月下旬上树危害,老熟幼虫吐丝缀叶于树上化蛹,林间世人比较整齐,幼虫共５龄,初孵幼虫具有吐丝下垂,借风传播的习性。成虫具有趋光性和短距离迁移习性,卵产于叶背,每雌虫平均产卵５５２粒。防治方法为：（１）春秋季搂烧落叶,校正死亡率为７９．６％;（２）早春树干阻杀幼虫。校正死亡率为９４．０％     

猕猴桃果实腐烂病的发病规律及药剂筛选试验

采用套袋方法研究了猕猴桃果实腐烂病病菌拟茎点霉(Phomopsis sp.)的侵染规律,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂等8种杀菌剂的毒力,结果表明,该菌在谢花后的3周左右开始侵染幼果,6周左右侵染达到高峰;己唑醇微乳剂、咪酰胺锰盐可湿性粉剂对猕猴桃果实腐烂病菌菌丝具有较高的抑制活性,其EC50 分别为0.068、0.105 μg/mL,其次是苯醚甲环唑水分散剂、甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂和烯唑醇可湿性粉剂,其EC50 分别为0.224、0.307和0.426 μg/mL,代森锰锌可湿性粉剂、百菌清可湿性粉剂、三唑酮乳油抑制活性较低,其EC50分别为7.862、36.65和99.04μg/ml.     

洛南县松阿扁叶蜂发生规律及防治技术研究

研究了松阿扁叶蜂在洛南县油松林的生活史、生活习性等规律,并筛选出有效防治方法,表明地面药剂垦复防治效果达90％以上;在郁闭度0．7以上的油松林分内,防治3龄前幼虫用药量为15kg·hm。敌敌畏烟剂、林丹烟剂效果分别达97％;树冠喷雾40％氧化乐果乳油1000倍液、3％高渗苯氧威乳油3500倍液、25％灭幼脲悬浮剂2000倍液、蚜螨敌1500倍液、I．2％苦烟乳油2000倍液,防治效果分别在84％以上。     

Biodegradation of sugarcane bagasse with marine fungusPhlebia sp. MG-60

A marine fungus,Phlebia sp. MG-60, and three white-rot fungi were incubated with whole sugarcane bagasse (WSB). The residual lignin content and holocellulose content in the decayed WSB were determined, and based on their content delignification selection factors of the fungi were calculated. More than 50% of lignin in the WSB was degraded byPhlebia sp. MG-60, and less than 10% of the holocellulose was lost. The WSB was fractioned by sieving to separate long-fiber bagasse, shortfiber bagasse, and bagasse pith. WhenPhlebia sp. MG-60 was incubated with the three fractions, more efficient delignification activity on the bagasse pith was observed. As the most efficient utilization of bagasse, we predict that bagasse fiber might be employed as the raw material in the pulp and paper industry after biopulping withPhlebia sp. MG-60 and bagasse pith, or WSB might be used to produce animal feed after fermentation with the strain.     

鞭角华扁叶蜂自然种群消长规律初步研究

鞭角华扁叶蜂是柏木、柳杉林中和重要食叶害虫,自１９９８年以来浙江、四川、湖北、福建等省柏木、柳杉产区成灾,导致中幼林乃至上百年大树被害致死。自１９９１～１９９７年间进行了鞭角华扁叶蜂自然种群消长规律研究,结果表明：林间幼虫期逐期残存率占期总和的６０．４％,回归系数ｒ值０．９６２９,ｂ值０．６５５９,其中,危害期幼虫回归系数ｂ值０．５６７３,滞育幼虫ｂ值０．３４０９;卵期ｂ值０．３０２７,ｒ值０．７