动检快讯

2009年全国动物卫生监督信息统计分析会在哈尔滨召开为进一步规范全国动物卫生监督信息报送工作,对2009年全国动物卫生监督信息进行汇总,中国动物疫病预防控制中心于2010年1月     

一月要闻

2009年度全国动物卫生监督信息统计分析会在哈尔滨召开 为进一步规范全国动物卫生监督信息报送工作,对2009年全国动物卫生监督信息进行汇总,中国动物疫病预防控制中心于2010年1月23～24日在哈尔滨组织召开了2009年度全国动物卫生监督信息汇总分析会。会议对2009年度全国动物卫生监督信息进行了统计汇总,     

免疫无口蹄疫区动物卫生监督信息管理

<正>为落实《吉林省人民政府关于印发吉林省免疫无口蹄区建设实施方案的通知》(吉政发〔2014〕11号)精神,做好免疫无口蹄疫区(简称无疫区)建设工作,及时掌握全省情况,做到各环节无缝监管,达到动物卫生监管与疫病防控、市场流通相互印证,我省对免疫无口蹄疫区动物卫生监督信息管理进行规范,使信息报送规范化、痕迹化,实现动物卫生监督全程可追溯管理。1主要做法1.1建立制度根据农业部《动物卫生监督信息报告管理办     

简谈宝鸡市动物卫生监督信息统计工作

按照农业部要求,从2009年开始,宝鸡市在上级业务部门的正确领导和大力支持下,认真贯彻落实农业部、陕西省关于加强动物卫生监督信息统计工作的相关精神,确定专人具体负责动物卫生监督信息的收集、整理和报送工作,快速、准确地反映宝鸡市动物卫生监督工作进度和实际情况,为各级部门准确及时掌握宝鸡市动物卫生监督工作动态,有效地指导动物卫生监督工作发挥了积极作用。笔者就近5年来工作开展情况介绍如下。     

简谈宝鸡市动物卫生监督信息统计工作

<正>按照农业部要求,从2009年开始,宝鸡市在上级业务部门的正确领导和大力支持下,认真贯彻落实农业部、陕西省关于加强动物卫生监督信息统计工作的相关精神,确定专人具体负责动物卫生监督信息的收集、整理和报送工作,快速、准确地反映宝鸡市动物卫生监督工作进度和实际情况,为各级部门准确及时掌握宝鸡市动物卫生监督工作动态,有效地指导动物卫生监督工作发挥了积极作用。笔者就近5年来工作     

农业农村部:开展动物防疫行政执法案卷评查工作

正据农业农村部网站2018年4月26日报道,为规范动物卫生监督执法行为,根据《农业农村部办公厅关于开展动物卫生监督执法规范年活动的通知》要求,农业农村部开展了动物防疫行政执法案卷评查工作,具体评查方式和步骤如下。(1)自评和报送阶段(7月底前)。省级兽医主管部门组织省级动物卫生监督机构采取随机抽查、互查互评和集中评查等方式,对本地区动物防疫行政执法案卷开展自评,全面总结动物防疫执法办案情况,分析案卷评查过程中发现的行政执法问题并提出整改措施,形成自评报告,并选送5卷不同案由的动物防疫行     

河南：各地积极推进动物卫生监督信息化建设

2008年,为贯彻落实“动物卫生监督执法规范年”活动精神,有效防控重大动物疫病,保护畜牧业健康发展和公共卫生安全,规范我省动物卫生监督管理工作,加快动物卫生监督信息传递,提供业务交流学习平台,各地积极推进动物卫生监督信息化建设,取得了一定成效。     

浅析世界动物卫生信息化工作

世界动物卫生组织负责全球动物卫生信息的收集、管理、发布,本文通过介绍OIE如何保障动物卫生信息工作有效开展、如何获得动物卫生信息和如何分享运用所掌握动物卫生信息等,分析了动物卫生信息化工作的整体思路,对我国动物卫生信息化工作具有一定的借鉴意义。     

吉林市开展信息员培训全面启动无疫区信息统计系统

正在全省启动"免疫无口蹄疫区动物卫生监管信息统计系统"的大背景下,为使填报工作更加科学规范,操作软件更加熟练准确。近日,吉林市动物检疫站联合市动物卫生监督所举办了全市无疫区建设信息统计培训班,各县(市)区主管领导及信息报送人员近30余人参加了本次培训。培训内容主要以全省刚刚启动实施的"免疫无口蹄疫动物卫生监管信息管理系统"为重点,由市本级负责动物检疫监督的两名信息管理人员对该系统使用、操作流程及12种表格填报进行讲解、演示,系统涵盖动物产     

动物疫病可追溯体系建设工作的几点体会

从2007年秋季集中防疫起,沈阳市浑南新区动物疫病可追溯体系建设工作按照省、市动物卫生监督管理部门要求,着力开展畜禽标识佩戴、各环节信息收集工作,严格数据报送程序,保证了<畜禽标识管理办法>在我区有效落实.在开展动物疫病可追溯体系建设工作中,笔者对二维码耳标佩戴、信息录入和识读等实际操作采取了一些新的做法,并收到了较好效果,现作以总结归纳.     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.     

The Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Dairy Cattle in Central Kenya

The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.     

Diversity of Ectoparasites in Sheep Flocks in Sa~o Paulo,Brazil

The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.     

Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ

An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.     

Serum biochemical values and mineral element contents of tissues in yaks

Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein     

Avian brood parasitism — a growing research area in behavioral ecology (part Ⅱ)

正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in     

Internal Parasites and Haematological Values in Cattle Slaughtered in Buea Subdivision of Cameroon

Tropical Animal Health and Production -