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本文将从猪场选址、猪场布局、猪场安全、猪舍设计、猪场生产流程、猪场疫苗接种、猪场疫病监测、猪场药物使用等方面入手分析猪场规模化生产中应该注意的几个要点。 相似文献
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为了完善猪场的保健与生物安全措施,对甘肃省7个规模猪场和一些小规模猪场通过实地调研的方式,了解其猪场保健方法和生物安全措施现状,发现规模猪场在保健和生物安全方面做得比小规模猪场更加规范,提出了猪场保健和生物安全措施,供中小规模养猪场参考。 相似文献
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猪场数字智能化管理是猪场管理发展的方向,数字智能化管理可以详细记录生猪养殖关键环节的生产经营数据,形成了生猪养殖过程可追溯、猪场生物安全有保障、生猪安全生产有保证的管理模式。在此基础上,数字智能化管理还可以助力猪场的管理水平提升和生产成本的降低。鉴于此,本文介绍了猪场智能巡检系统、猪只盘点估重系统、猪场智能洗消系统及猪场智能生产管理系统等在猪场的应用情况,为猪场数字智能化管理系统应用提供参考。 相似文献
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文章回顾了我国楼房猪场的发展历程,区分了传统平层猪场堆叠起来的楼房猪场和基于楼房特点优化设计的新式楼房猪场,重点描述了当前楼房猪场的特点及问题。可以看出,新式楼房猪场是养猪先进生产力的代表,具有强大的生命力和发展前景。 相似文献
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随着我国养殖业的快速发展,规模化猪场的数量越来越多,取得了较好的效益。但是猪场在养殖过程中也出现了一系列难题,其中猪场废水处理就是难题之一。猪场废水严重影响了猪场环境和周围的生态环境,本文就猪场废水处理技术的应用,做了深入的分析和探讨。 相似文献
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我国养猪业发展迅速,整体水平在不断提高,但是与养殖业较为发达的国家相比仍有一些差距。以每年每头母猪断奶的仔猪数(PSY)为例,目前国外养猪发达国家PSY普遍已超30头,而我国却仍在25头左右,仍有较大的提升空间。仔猪护理工作在生猪生产过程中尤为重要,一旦护理措施不当就会造成仔猪死亡,从而降低PSY,直接影响到养猪企业的经济效益。规模猪场仔猪死亡的主要原因就是由于仔猪护理不当所引起的,仔猪护理问题一直是养猪业的一个难题。文内以2020年4—5月上海某规模猪场某栋产房新生仔猪(共477头,其中压死8头,瘦弱致死12头,腹泻致死亡的32头)为例,介绍规模猪场的仔猪护理及注意事项,以期为仔猪护理工作提供借鉴。 相似文献
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生物安全是猪场生产管理的关键,也是猪场搞好生产的基本保障。猪场生物安全贯穿于生产管理的各个环节,包括人员、物资、猪只、饲料、粪污等流转运输等。近两年的非洲猪瘟疫情使得很多生物安全设施和管理不健全的养殖场遭受灭顶之灾。为协助众多在疫情中遭受打击的规模养殖企业恢复生产,文章从更严格的生物安全角度出发,在传统猪场工艺设计的基础上,对猪场功能区设置、人员物料流线规划、进出场洗消设施配置等提出了一套较为完整的工艺技术方案,供养猪从业者在新建和改造猪场复养过程中参考。 相似文献
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自2018年8月以来蔓延的非洲猪瘟疫情给我国养猪业造成了巨大损失,生猪供应缺口凸显,猪价整体高位运行。安全顺利复产是规模猪场的优先选择,但由于准备不足、匆忙复产而导致失败的案例甚多;在目前没有相关疫苗的情况下,完善生物安全体系、彻底清除猪场内外残余病毒是规模猪场非洲猪瘟背景下复产的先决条件。笔者团队通过制订复养程序,指导某猪场进行非洲猪瘟复养消毒,各区域检测、复检为阴性后引入180头保育猪作为哨兵猪饲养2个多月,病原学和血清学检测结果均为阴性,复养初步成功。 相似文献
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不同规模工厂化养猪的成本及效率分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国生猪养殖规模和水平参差不齐,本文以26家规模化猪场为研究对象,其中包括规模Ⅰ(2000头以下基础母猪)3家、规模Ⅱ(2000~3000头基础母猪)3家、规模Ⅲ(3000~4000头基础母猪)4家、规模Ⅳ(4000头以上基础母猪)16家,比较不同养殖规模工厂化养猪场的生产成本和生产效率。结果表明:不同规模的工业化猪场在生产成本与生产效率方面有显著差异。随着规模增加,生长育肥期饲料成本、兽药疫苗、固定资产折旧及人工费用降低,生长育肥阶段成本明显下降,出栏猪成本与规模呈现负相关。仔猪哺乳及仔猪保育阶段对管理水平要求较高,随着养殖规模增大,管理难度相应加大,需要强调实施精细管理,以维持平均每头基础母猪年提供断奶仔猪头数(PSY)以及平均每头基础母猪年提供出栏猪头数(MSY),达到最大限度的规模效益。 相似文献
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Multivariate analysis of management and biosecurity practices in smallholder pig farms in Madagascar 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. Costard V. Porphyre S. Messad S. Rakotondrahanta H. Vidon F. Roger D.U. Pfeiffer 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2009,92(3):199
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2005 and 2006 in three geographical areas of Madagascar to investigate and differentiate swine farm management and biosecurity practices in smallholder farming communities. Questionnaire data from a total of 709 pig farms were analysed using multiple factor analysis (MFA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Variables describing management and biosecurity practices were organised into five groups: structure of the farm, animal-contacts, person- and vehicle-contacts, feeding, and sanitary aspects. In general, few biosecurity measures were implemented in the pig farms included in the study. Regional differences in management and biosecurity practices emerged from the MFA and were mainly due to, in order of decreasing importance: structure of the farm, sanitary aspects, feeding and animal-contacts and, to a lesser extent, person- and vehicle-contacts. HCA resulted in the differentiation of four distinct types of farms in each of two study areas, Arivonimamo and Marovoay, while no grouping could be identified amongst farms in Ambatondrazaka area. The characterisation of the different types of smallholder pig farms will allow adapting recommendations on husbandry practices and control measures in pig farms of these regions of Madagascar. The development of tailored recommendations is essential for Malagasy smallholders who have limited resources and need to make evidence-based management changes to reduce the risk of contagious diseases in their herds. 相似文献
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Characteristics of the smallholder free-range pig production system in western Kenya 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
John M. Kagira Paul W. N. Kanyari Ndicho Maingi Samuel M. Githigia J. C. Ng’ang’a Julia W. Karuga 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(5):865-873
Free-range pig farming is common amongst the small-scale farmers in western Kenya. In order to determine the characteristics
of this type of production system, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey on farm characteristics and management was collected
from 182 farmers in Busia District. The mean farm size was one acre, while the mean number of pigs per farm was 3.6. Pigs
were mainly kept as a source of income (98%) and majority were of cross breed variety (64%). The production systems included
farrow to weaner (12%), porker to finisher (36%), and mixed (46%). Sixty five percent (65%) of the pigs were tethered and
housing was not provided in 61% of the farms. Most of the feeds were sourced locally. Lack of castration and delayed weaning
of pigs was observed on 49% and 30% of the farms, respectively. The main production constraints included pig diseases (81%)
and high cost or lack of feed (81%). Haematopinus suis infestations and worm infections were considered to be the most important diseases by 71% and 55% of the farmers, respectively.
Farmers had moderate knowledge on parasitic disease diagnosis with 31% and 62% not having a history of either deworming or
spraying pigs with acaricides, respectively. Marketing constraints were common amongst the farmers and included poor prices
and inadequate market information. In conclusion, the production system was characterized as low-input with an income objective.
Future research and development approaches should focus on the integration of free-range farmers into the country’s market
chains through access to extension services. 相似文献
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根据我国当前养猪生产繁育体系,将我国集约化养猪生产概括为5类典型猪场,并利用农场模型的方法,构建了不同类型猪场的生物经济模型,并考虑了模型的生物学效率。模拟的600头母猪的商品猪场、猪苗场、杂种扩繁场、杜洛克育种场和长白(或大约克)育种场每年总利润分别为56.01、12.99、100.53、134.09和164.10万元,净能利用效率分别为27.69、32.98、28.25、28.32和28.48 MJ/kg。模型还输出了不同类型猪场的成本结构、收入组成和生产综合指标。对模型的敏感度分析表明,模型对不同市场形势、生产水平和管理措施变化的反应是灵敏的。 相似文献